本文關(guān)鍵詞：幼兒自豪識(shí)別發(fā)展特點(diǎn)及其相關(guān)影響因素的研究　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 幼兒 自豪識(shí)別 發(fā)展特點(diǎn) 事件相關(guān)電位 影響因素

【摘要】：自豪是一種重要的社會(huì)適應(yīng)性情緒，對(duì)個(gè)體行為有重要的影響。幼兒期是兒童自豪識(shí)別能力發(fā)展的重要階段。本研究在系統(tǒng)綜述以往與幼兒自豪識(shí)別相關(guān)的理論和實(shí)證研究的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)幼兒自豪識(shí)別的測(cè)評(píng)工具、發(fā)展特點(diǎn)、神經(jīng)機(jī)制及其相關(guān)影響因素進(jìn)行了系列研究。 研究1：幼兒自豪識(shí)別測(cè)評(píng)工具的編制。選取352名幼兒教師作為識(shí)別幼兒自豪的非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)的評(píng)定被試，選取156名幼兒母親作為確定評(píng)分者信度的被試，對(duì)與幼兒自豪非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)相關(guān)的2套圖片進(jìn)行識(shí)別。旨在確定幼兒自豪非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)的動(dòng)作成分和動(dòng)作單元，以此為基礎(chǔ)編制編碼系統(tǒng)，并發(fā)展幼兒自豪識(shí)別圖片系統(tǒng)。對(duì)“幼兒自豪的非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)編碼系統(tǒng)”和“幼兒自豪識(shí)別圖片系統(tǒng)”的信度和效度進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。 研究2：幼兒自豪識(shí)別發(fā)展特點(diǎn)的研究。采用自編的“幼兒自豪識(shí)別圖片系統(tǒng)”，對(duì)204名3-6歲幼兒自豪識(shí)別的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和性別特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，并將幼兒自豪識(shí)別的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與高興和吃驚進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。 研究3：幼兒自豪識(shí)別的事件相關(guān)電位研究。選取21名能夠完全識(shí)別自豪和高興的4-6歲幼兒為被試，實(shí)驗(yàn)中向被試隨機(jī)呈現(xiàn)4類刺激圖片（熟悉小朋友的自豪、熟悉小朋友的高興、陌生小朋友的自豪和陌生小朋友的高興）。被試需要完成的任務(wù)是對(duì)自豪和高興進(jìn)行判斷，不需要對(duì)個(gè)人熟悉性進(jìn)行判斷。通過(guò)比較幼兒在識(shí)別4類刺激圖片時(shí)的ERP成分（P1、N170、Nc和LPC），揭示幼兒自豪識(shí)別過(guò)程的腦機(jī)制特征。 研究4：幼兒自豪識(shí)別與心理理論和抑制控制的關(guān)系。在排除語(yǔ)言理解干擾的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)中介效應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)，重點(diǎn)考察4-6歲幼兒的心理理論和抑制控制對(duì)其自豪識(shí)別的影響，旨在對(duì)幼兒自豪識(shí)別能力的發(fā)展有更清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)。 在對(duì)上述4項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析與討論的基礎(chǔ)上，本研究綜合討論了幼兒自豪識(shí)別的測(cè)評(píng)工具、發(fā)展特點(diǎn)、腦電特征和相關(guān)影響因素等問(wèn)題，并得到了以下結(jié)論： 1.幼兒自豪的非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)包括4個(gè)方面7個(gè)動(dòng)作成分，即I微笑和大笑的面部表情，II舒展的身體姿勢(shì)，III頭稍微后傾的頭部動(dòng)作，IV雙手叉腰、高舉和在胸前握拳的手臂動(dòng)作。 2.幼兒自豪的非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)包括12個(gè)動(dòng)作單元，其中，幼兒典型的自豪非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)的動(dòng)作單元為微笑、頭稍微后傾、舒展的身體姿勢(shì)和雙手叉腰。 3.自編的“幼兒自豪的非言語(yǔ)行為表達(dá)編碼系統(tǒng)”和“幼兒自豪識(shí)別的圖片系統(tǒng)”都具有良好的信度和效度指標(biāo)，可以作為測(cè)評(píng)幼兒自豪識(shí)別發(fā)展的測(cè)評(píng)工具。 4.四歲以后，，幼兒開(kāi)始能夠識(shí)別自豪；幼兒自豪識(shí)別的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)同高興和吃驚一樣，從3歲到6歲一直在提高，5歲到6歲是幼兒自豪識(shí)別發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵期。男孩和女孩自豪識(shí)別的發(fā)展水平差異不顯著。 5.四種刺激條件下P1的平均波幅和潛伏期差異不顯著；在枕顳葉的N170反應(yīng)了個(gè)人熟悉性，陌生小朋友的情緒刺激引發(fā)的N170波幅顯著大于熟悉小朋友；在中央?yún)^(qū)的Nc成分上，熟悉小朋友的自豪刺激引發(fā)的Nc波幅顯著大于熟悉小朋友的高興；在前額葉的LPC成分上，自豪刺激引發(fā)的LPC波幅顯著大于高興。 6.幼兒自豪識(shí)別的加工過(guò)程分為早期、中期和晚期3個(gè)階段。對(duì)個(gè)人熟悉性的無(wú)意識(shí)加工發(fā)生在早期；對(duì)熟悉對(duì)象情緒識(shí)別的加工發(fā)生在中期；對(duì)自豪識(shí)別的有意識(shí)加工發(fā)生在晚期。 7.心理理論對(duì)幼兒自豪識(shí)別存在直接的預(yù)測(cè)效力，而抑制控制則是以心理理論為中介變量間接地作用于幼兒自豪識(shí)別。
[Abstract]:Pride is a kind of important social adaptability of emotion, has an important influence on the behavior of the individual. Childhood is an important stage of the development of the children proud recognition ability. This research is of theoretical and empirical research based on the summary of previous related system and early identification of the proud, proud on children's recognition assessment tools, development characteristics, and its related factors effect of neural mechanism was studied.
Study 1: compilation of children proud assessment tools were selected. Identification of 352 preschool teachers as nonverbal behavior recognition of children's pride expression of subjects, selected 156 mothers of children identified as rater reliability of subjects of children 's pride nonverbal behavior recognition is related to the expression of the 2 sets of images to determine children's pride. Non action and action unit of speech acts of expression, as a basis for the preparation of encoding system, and the development of children's recognition of "proud picture system. The expression of nonverbal behaviors of children proud encoding system" and "children's proud image recognition system of the reliability and validity of the test.
Study 2: A Study on the features of children's pride recognition development. Making use of the "children's pride image recognition system, the development trend of 204 children aged 3-6 proud recognition and gender characteristics were tested, and the development trend of children's pride and joy and surprise recognition were compared.
Study 3: the related potential of children's pride event identified. A total of 21 to fully recognize the proud and happy children aged 4-6 as subjects in experiment subjects were randomly presented 4 kinds of stimulus pictures (familiar with children proud, familiar with children happy, proud and strange strange little friends happy kids). The subjects are required to complete the task is to judge the proud and happy, familiar to judge the person does not need. By comparing the composition of ERP children in the identification pictures of the 4 types of stimuli (P1, N170, Nc and LPC), reveal the features of brain mechanism of children's proud of the recognition process.
Study 4: Children's pride recognition and psychological theory and control relationship. Based on the exclusion of language understanding interference, through the intermediary effect test, focusing on 4-6 years old children's theory of mind and its proud of inhibitory control in the identification of the impact of development on children's recognition ability to proud to have a clearer understanding.
Based on the analysis and discussion of the above 4 studies, this study discussed the evaluation tools, characteristics, EEG characteristics and related factors of children's pride recognition.
Non verbal behavior of 1. children's pride expression includes 4 aspects: 7 action components, namely I smile and laugh facial expressions, II stretch posture, III head slightly tilted back head movements, IV hands akimbo, holding and make a fist in the chest arm movements.
Non verbal behavior of 2. children's pride expression consists of 12 action units, the children of typical non action unit of speech act proud expression as a smile, head slightly tilted back, stretch the body posture and her hands rested on her hips.
3., the children's proud nonverbal behavior coding system and the picture recognition system for children's pride recognition have good reliability and validity index, which can be used as an evaluation tool to evaluate the development of children's pride recognition.
4., after four years old, children can begin to identify pride. The development trend of children's pride recognition is the same as happiness and surprise. From 3 to 6 years old, the age of 5 to 6 is the key period of children's pride recognition. The difference between boys and girls is not significant.
5. four kinds of average amplitude and latency of stimulation of P1 under the condition of no significant difference; in the occipital temporal lobe N170 reflects personal familiarity, strange children emotional stimuli induced N170 amplitude were significantly greater than the familiar small friends; in the Nc central components, familiar with children's pride stimulus evoked Nc amplitude were significantly greater than the familiar the kids happy; in the LPC component of prefrontal cortex, pride stimulus evoked LPC amplitude were significantly greater than happy.
6., the process of children's pride recognition is divided into 3 stages: early, middle and late stages. The unconscious processing of personal familiarity occurs at the early stage; the processing of familiar emotion recognition takes place in the middle stage; the conscious processing of pride recognition takes place in the late stage.
7., the theory of mind has direct predictive effect on children's pride recognition, while inhibition control indirectly acts on children's pride recognition based on the theory of mind.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：B844.1

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本文編號(hào)：1420239