本文關(guān)鍵詞：和諧視角下孔子教育公平思想及其當(dāng)代價(jià)值　出處：《山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：教育是化解矛盾沖突、實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)和諧的重要手段之一。本文以社會(huì)和諧為尺度和切入點(diǎn)，對孔子通過“教育公平”而達(dá)致教育和諧，進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)和諧的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行梳理和研究，并探討對當(dāng)代中國高等教育公平與教育和諧建設(shè)的借鑒意義。 孔子將教育作為實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)和諧根本而又有效的手段。面對社會(huì)劇變導(dǎo)致的禮崩樂壞局面，孔子期望恢復(fù)周禮，實(shí)現(xiàn)仁政德治的政治抱負(fù)，為此就要培養(yǎng)中正仁和的君子。他的教育思想以公平為價(jià)值取向，給予平民參政的機(jī)會(huì)。這種教育和諧的價(jià)值觀包括用豐富的教學(xué)內(nèi)容來達(dá)致和諧人格的培養(yǎng)，用因人而異的教學(xué)方法挖掘個(gè)人的潛能，用中正無偏的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評價(jià)學(xué)生，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)和而不同的學(xué)術(shù)原則。 基于此，孔子提出了系統(tǒng)的教育公平思想，并身體力行�！靶韵嘟彪[含了孔子的人性平等思想取向，這是實(shí)現(xiàn)教育公平的認(rèn)識(shí)前提；“有教無類”彰顯了孔子教育公平的出發(fā)點(diǎn)，至今也具有很高的社會(huì)價(jià)值；“教學(xué)相長”、“因材施教”體現(xiàn)了孔子在教學(xué)過程中對學(xué)生的尊重和對和諧師生關(guān)系的重視，是實(shí)現(xiàn)教育公平的有效手段和重要方式，具有重要的進(jìn)步意義；而“學(xué)而優(yōu)則仕”的“賢賢”主張則是對當(dāng)時(shí)分封制下以血緣為基礎(chǔ)的任人唯親的“親親”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的否定，是孔子教育公平主張的落腳點(diǎn)，，展示出他由教育公平導(dǎo)向社會(huì)公平和社會(huì)和諧的政治抱負(fù)。 當(dāng)代社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型帶來的高等教育困境與孔子所處的社會(huì)大變革時(shí)代而導(dǎo)致的教育震蕩有相近之處。當(dāng)代的和諧社會(huì)建設(shè)與孔子的德政禮治理想亦相映成趣�？鬃釉趯�(shí)現(xiàn)他理想中的大同社會(huì)、和諧社會(huì)的構(gòu)想與實(shí)踐中始終貫徹一個(gè)清晰的思路，即教育公平→教育和諧→人的和諧→社會(huì)和諧，這對于我國高等教育領(lǐng)域和諧建設(shè)乃至整個(gè)社會(huì)的和諧建設(shè)，都具有重要的實(shí)踐價(jià)值。追求教育公平首先應(yīng)當(dāng)真正按照人人平等來設(shè)計(jì)教育政策和改革措施；教育改革應(yīng)當(dāng)著眼于消除身份地位對教育資源分配的影響，而不是放大這種影響；應(yīng)當(dāng)通過構(gòu)筑民主平等的師生關(guān)系來優(yōu)化教育生態(tài)，塑造教育的和諧與高尚；“因材施教”的個(gè)性化教育，需要民主、先進(jìn)的教育方法，促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展；以量才任用，人盡其才的就業(yè)理念保障高等教育結(jié)果的平等，改革大學(xué)生分配制度，強(qiáng)化監(jiān)督監(jiān)管，克服任人唯親、裙帶關(guān)系等對大學(xué)生分配的影響。
[Abstract]:Education is one of the important means to resolve conflicts and realize social harmony. This paper regards social harmony as the yardstick and breakthrough point to achieve educational harmony for Confucius through "educational fairness". Then, the author analyzes and studies the viewpoint of realizing social harmony, and probes into the significance of reference to the construction of higher education fairness and education harmony in contemporary China. Confucius regards education as the basic and effective means to realize social harmony. Facing the situation of the breakage of etiquette caused by the social upheaval, Confucius expects to restore the Zhou rites and realize the political ambition of benevolent government by virtue. To this end, it is necessary to cultivate a gentleman who is upright and benevolent. His educational thought takes equity as the value orientation and gives the common people the opportunity to participate in politics. This kind of educational harmonious value includes the cultivation of harmonious personality with rich teaching contents. Individual potential is exploited by different teaching methods, and students are evaluated according to the standard of unbiased, so as to realize the academic principle of harmony but difference. Based on this, Confucius put forward the systematic thought of educational fairness, and carried it out. "the similarity of nature" implied Confucius' ideological orientation of equality of human nature, which is the cognitive premise of realizing the equality of education. "there is no kind of education" shows the starting point of Confucius' education fairness, so far also has very high social value; "Teaching with each other" and "teaching according to his aptitude" embodies Confucius' respect for students and the importance of harmonious teacher-student relationship in the teaching process, which is an effective means and an important way to realize educational fairness and has important progressive significance. However, the idea of "virtuous and virtuous" of "learning and being superior" is the negation of the standard of "kinship", which is based on consanguinity, and is the foothold of Confucius' proposition of educational fairness. It shows his political ambition to guide social justice and social harmony from educational equity. The predicament of higher education brought about by the transformation of contemporary society is similar to the shock of education caused by the great social change of Confucius. The construction of contemporary harmonious society is closely related to Confucius' ideal of governing by virtue and propriety. Confucius. In the realization of his ideal society. The concept and practice of a harmonious Society has always carried out a clear train of thought, that is, education fairness 鈫扙ducational harmony. 鈫扝uman harmony. 鈫扴ocial harmony, this for our country higher education field harmonious construction and even the whole society harmonious construction. The pursuit of educational equity should first of all design educational policies and reform measures according to the equality of all; Education reform should focus on eliminating, rather than amplifying, the impact of identity status on the allocation of educational resources; We should optimize the educational ecology by constructing the democratic and equal teacher-student relationship and shape the harmony and nobility of education. The individualized education of "teaching students according to their aptitude" needs democratic and advanced educational methods to promote the all-round development of human beings; The employment idea of using quantity to make the best use of talents ensures the equality of the results of higher education, reforms the distribution system of college students, strengthens the supervision and supervision, and overcomes the influence of cronyism and nepotism on the distribution of college students.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G40-09

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