本文選題：自費(fèi)留學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：政府管理　出處：《江蘇師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：1943年11月,第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試遵循留學(xué)計(jì)劃,根據(jù)戰(zhàn)后建設(shè)的需要,按照國(guó)民政府制定的留學(xué)法令規(guī)章,進(jìn)行留學(xué)考試,決定出國(guó)人數(shù)。從晚清到1927—1942年國(guó)民政府時(shí)期,自費(fèi)留學(xué)的規(guī)模不斷發(fā)展,政府對(duì)自費(fèi)出國(guó)留學(xué)的管理也逐漸重視,逐步改變了對(duì)自費(fèi)出國(guó)留學(xué)自由放任的態(tài)度。特別是從1943年開(kāi)始,國(guó)內(nèi)抗戰(zhàn)和國(guó)際反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)形勢(shì)好轉(zhuǎn),南京政府考慮到勝利后國(guó)家建設(shè)的人才需要,不僅放松了抗戰(zhàn)初期對(duì)出國(guó)留學(xué)的控制,而且創(chuàng)造性地組織實(shí)施了第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試,以提高自費(fèi)留學(xué)生的出國(guó)水平,高質(zhì)量地培養(yǎng)抗戰(zhàn)勝利后國(guó)家建設(shè)急需之人才。晚清、北洋政府、1927—1942年國(guó)民政府時(shí)期三個(gè)不同階段自費(fèi)留學(xué)的情況和政府對(duì)自費(fèi)出國(guó)留學(xué)管理的發(fā)展,及各時(shí)期對(duì)自費(fèi)留學(xué)管理的不足,為第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試的實(shí)施奠定了基礎(chǔ),提供了可能。國(guó)民政府教育部頒布了詳盡的《國(guó)外留學(xué)自費(fèi)生派遣辦法》和《教育部第一屆國(guó)外自費(fèi)留學(xué)生考試章程》指導(dǎo)第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試,從考試的主持者留學(xué)生考選委員會(huì)、考試報(bào)名、審查情況、考試類型和試題及試題特點(diǎn),再到考試的錄取成績(jī)計(jì)算、錄取結(jié)果及分析等方面組織了嚴(yán)密的考試程序,充分展示了國(guó)民政府對(duì)第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試的管理和重視程度。第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試的實(shí)施,是國(guó)民政府對(duì)自費(fèi)出國(guó)留學(xué)管理的創(chuàng)造,同時(shí)也是自費(fèi)留學(xué)史上的首創(chuàng)。他的實(shí)施反映了政府開(kāi)始全面管理自費(fèi)留學(xué),標(biāo)志著政府對(duì)自費(fèi)出國(guó)留學(xué)的管理走向正規(guī)化,促進(jìn)了社會(huì)風(fēng)氣的轉(zhuǎn)變。同時(shí)第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試留學(xué)資格的提高和本屆筆試、口語(yǔ)考試的實(shí)施,又提高了自費(fèi)留學(xué)生的綜合素質(zhì)和學(xué)習(xí)能力,為中國(guó)培養(yǎng)了一大批優(yōu)秀建設(shè)人才。但是,第一屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試在實(shí)施過(guò)程中不可避免地出現(xiàn)了一些問(wèn)題,與第二屆自費(fèi)留學(xué)考試相比較,也存在一定的局限性。
[Abstract]:In November 1943, the first self-funded study abroad examination followed the plan of studying abroad. According to the needs of the post-war construction and in accordance with the laws and regulations on studying abroad formulated by the National Government, the number of students studying abroad was determined. From the late Qing Dynasty to the period of 1927-1942, The scale of self-funded study abroad continues to develop, and the government gradually attaches importance to the management of studying abroad at its own expense, gradually changing its attitude of laissez-faire to study abroad at its own expense. In particular, since 1943, the situation in the domestic and international anti-fascist wars has improved. Taking into account the need for talents in national construction after the victory, the Nanjing government not only relaxed its control on studying abroad at the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japan, but also creatively organized and implemented the first self-funded study abroad examination in order to raise the level of self-funded overseas students. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Beiyang Government studied abroad at its own expense at three different stages in the period of the National Government from 1927 to 1942, and the development of the government's management of studying abroad at its own expense. And the deficiencies in the management of self-funded study abroad in various periods, which laid the foundation for the implementation of the first self-funded study abroad examination. The Ministry of Education of the National Government promulgated the detailed methods for sending overseas students to study abroad at their own expense and the regulations of the Ministry of Education for the first examination of Foreign students studying abroad at their own expense to guide the first examination of studying abroad at their own expense. From the examination committee of the host of the examination, the examination registration, the examination situation, the type of examination, the test questions and the characteristics of the test questions, to the calculation of the examination results, the results of admission and the analysis of the examination, a rigorous examination procedure has been organized. It fully demonstrates the management and importance of the first self-funded study abroad examination by the National Government. The implementation of the first self-funded study abroad examination is the creation of the national government's management of studying abroad at its own expense. At the same time, it is also the first in the history of self-funded study abroad. His implementation reflects the government's overall management of self-funded study abroad, which marks the regularization of the government's management of studying abroad at its own expense. It has promoted the transformation of social ethos. At the same time, it has improved the qualification of studying abroad for the first self-funded study abroad examination and the implementation of the written examination and the oral test, and has also improved the comprehensive quality and learning ability of the self-funded international students. A large number of excellent construction talents have been trained for China. However, some problems have inevitably appeared in the implementation of the first self-funded study abroad examination, which has some limitations compared with the second self-funded study abroad examination.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G648.9;K26

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