本文選題：大學(xué)生　切入點(diǎn)：職業(yè)勝任力　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和信息化時(shí)代的來臨,各國(guó)面臨著激烈的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和新技術(shù)革命的挑戰(zhàn),經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和綜合國(guó)力較量的背后,是人才的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。中國(guó)要在21世紀(jì)保持經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家的目標(biāo),必須依靠教育,尤其是高等教育培養(yǎng)出具有高素質(zhì)的人才�！皠偃瘟Α备拍钭钤缬晒鸫髮W(xué)教授McCleland博士提出,他在1973年美國(guó)的《美國(guó)心理學(xué)家》(American Psychologist)發(fā)表了題為《測(cè)量智力而非勝任力》(Testing for competence rather than for intelligence)一文,他認(rèn)為預(yù)示一個(gè)人工作績(jī)效高低和個(gè)人職業(yè)生涯成功與否的不是傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)為的學(xué)術(shù)能力和知識(shí)技能測(cè)評(píng),而是影響工作績(jī)效的個(gè)人條件及行為,并把它們稱為勝任力(competency),自此,勝任力理論研究成為20世紀(jì)80年代以來的研究熱點(diǎn)。研究大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力的培養(yǎng)問題,不僅有利于大學(xué)生自身走向職業(yè)成功,也有利于高校在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)下的生存和發(fā)展以及我國(guó)“科教興國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略的順利實(shí)施。本研究主要采用問卷調(diào)查法,根據(jù)焦靜、馮明構(gòu)建的大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力模型,從基礎(chǔ)技能、崗位適應(yīng)能力、問題解決能力、個(gè)人特質(zhì)、關(guān)系建立能力、持續(xù)進(jìn)步能力6個(gè)維度調(diào)查了大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力的現(xiàn)狀,并從高校、大學(xué)生自身、企業(yè)三個(gè)角度調(diào)查了大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力的培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀,發(fā)現(xiàn)了以下問題:大學(xué)生的專業(yè)知識(shí)和技能還有待進(jìn)一步提高,特別是英語(yǔ)水平;大學(xué)生洞察機(jī)會(huì),抓住機(jī)會(huì)的能力以及有效管理個(gè)人情緒的能力比較差;動(dòng)手能力和創(chuàng)新能力不足;自律缺乏;語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和成就動(dòng)機(jī)比較缺乏。在大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀方面,高校的課程設(shè)置未能較好的讓大學(xué)生學(xué)到所需的職業(yè)知識(shí)和技能,大學(xué)生缺乏充足的就業(yè)指導(dǎo);大學(xué)生對(duì)自身具備何種職業(yè)勝任力的認(rèn)識(shí)不足,職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃也比較模糊;大學(xué)生的企業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷較少。基于以上存在的問題,研究者通過進(jìn)一步的文獻(xiàn)查找,分析了大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力培養(yǎng)存在問題的原因,有以下幾個(gè)方面:高校課程設(shè)置落后于時(shí)代發(fā)展,培養(yǎng)重知識(shí)輕實(shí)踐、高校就業(yè)指導(dǎo)工作存在不足;大學(xué)生自身職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃能力欠缺、大學(xué)生對(duì)自身職業(yè)勝任力培養(yǎng)的重視度不夠、就業(yè)觀念和就業(yè)心態(tài)存在問題;為大學(xué)生提供的實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)較少、部分企業(yè)尚未形成健全的人力資源管理機(jī)制等。最后,本研究從高校、大學(xué)生自身、企業(yè)、政府四個(gè)層面出發(fā),結(jié)合美國(guó)、英國(guó)、澳大利亞等西方國(guó)家大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)提出了我國(guó)大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力培養(yǎng)的對(duì)策。高校培養(yǎng)方面,需要精心設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)科課程體系與改革教學(xué)方式;加強(qiáng)大學(xué)生就業(yè)指導(dǎo)工作;注重大學(xué)生個(gè)性的培養(yǎng);開展創(chuàng)業(yè)教育,搭建創(chuàng)業(yè)教育實(shí)踐平臺(tái);大學(xué)生自身培養(yǎng)方面,主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí),積極參加社會(huì)實(shí)際活動(dòng):做好自身職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃;轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)觀念,主動(dòng)適應(yīng)社會(huì);企業(yè)培養(yǎng)方面,加強(qiáng)與高校的聯(lián)系,優(yōu)化用人環(huán)境;為大學(xué)生提供更多的實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì);政府培養(yǎng)方面,充分發(fā)揮聯(lián)系高校和企業(yè)的紐帶作用;制定全國(guó)統(tǒng)一的大學(xué)生職業(yè)勝任力框架等。
[Abstract]:With the economic globalization and information era, countries facing fierce competition and the challenge of new technology revolution, behind the economic competition and comprehensive national strength, is the talent competition. China to maintain the sustainable development of the economy in twenty-first Century, to achieve the goal of building an innovative country, must rely on education, especially higher education with the high-quality talents. The concept of "competency" is the earliest by Dr. Harvard University professor McCleland proposed, he in 1973 America. American psychologist > (American Psychologist) published a report entitled "measuring intelligence rather than competency (Testing for competence rather than > for Intelligence) article, he believes that a person that work performance and personal occupation career success is not that traditional academic skills and job performance evaluation, but influence individual conditions And behavior, and called them competency (competency), since then, competency theory has become a research hotspot since 1980s. Research on the cultivation of College Students' occupation competency, not only conducive to the students themselves to occupation successfully, but also conducive to the smooth implementation of universities in market economy under the survival and development of our country, "through science and education" strategy. This research mainly adopts questionnaire survey, according to Jiao Jing Feng Ming building of college students occupation competency model, from basic skills, job adaptability, problem-solving ability, personal characteristics, relationship building capacity, the 6 dimensions of continued progress ability to survey the current status of college student occupation competency, and from colleges and universities, college students, three aspects of enterprises investigated the present situation of college students occupation competency training, found the following problems: the students' professional knowledge and skills to be further. High level of English, especially the ability of college students; insight into the opportunities, seize the opportunity and effective management of personal emotion is poor; practical ability and innovation ability is insufficient; the lack of self-discipline; language ability and achievement motivation in college students' occupation. The lack of competent Li Pei raises the present situation, the curriculum of colleges and universities to better let students occupation knowledge and learn the necessary skills, students lack of adequate employment guidance; college students have their own lack of understanding of what kind of occupation competency, occupation career planning is fuzzy; college students internship experience less. Based on the above problems, the researchers further through literature search, analysis of the college students' occupation competency training problems reason has the following several aspects: behind the times development of university curriculum, training heavy knowledge light practice, college employment guidance work For the shortcomings of college students; occupation career planning ability, college students on their occupation competency training and insufficient attention, the concept of employment and employment mentality problems; for college students to provide internship opportunities for less, some enterprises have not yet formed a perfect human resource management mechanism and so on. Finally, this study from the University, the students themselves, enterprises. Four levels of government, with the United States, Britain, Australia and other western countries, the successful experience of college students occupation competency and puts forward some countermeasures for Chinese college students' occupation competency training. The training, curriculum system reform and the need to carefully design the teaching mode; strengthen the employment guidance of college students; cultivate students' personality; entrepreneurship education, build entrepreneurship education practice platform, students training; active learning, and actively participate in social practice activities: good self Personal occupation career planning; to change the traditional ideas, take the initiative to adapt to the society; enterprise culture, strengthen links with the universities, optimize the employment environment; provide more internship opportunities for college students; government training, give full play to college and business ties; develop college students occupation competency framework of national unity.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G647.38

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