本文選題：《語言自邇集》　切入點(diǎn)：語言三要素　出處：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《語言自邇集》是一部19世紀(jì)中期外國人學(xué)習(xí)漢語的教材,由威妥瑪主持編寫,教材記錄了大量真實(shí)的北京話語音、詞匯和語法。《語言自邇集》曾多次再版,每個(gè)版本在內(nèi)容選擇上都發(fā)生了變化。本文以《語言自邇集》兩個(gè)版本中的246組相似句子為研究對(duì)象,從語音、詞匯、語法和語用幾個(gè)方面觀察對(duì)比兩個(gè)版本間的異同,找出兩個(gè)版本間的變化。全文包括五部分內(nèi)容:第一章介紹《語言自邇集》的基本情況,并概述《語言自邇集》的研究現(xiàn)狀,較為詳細(xì)的總結(jié)了前人研究的成果,闡述了本研究的必要性。第二章從語音、詞匯和語法角度找出《語言自邇集》初版和再版之間的變化。語音方面的變化主要表現(xiàn)在根據(jù)語言實(shí)際的變化而變化;詞匯方面的變化主要表現(xiàn)在詞義縮小、書面語詞換成口語詞、新舊詞語的替換等方面。語法方面的變化主要表現(xiàn)在語序的變化、被動(dòng)句換成主動(dòng)句、增加副詞等方面。第三章找出《語言自邇集》兩個(gè)版本中語用現(xiàn)象的變化。再版主要通過四種手段增加教材中的語用因素。一是增加修飾性成分;二是增加答語;三是增加關(guān)聯(lián)詞;四是通過詞語、短語或句子的替換,使表達(dá)更契合語境。第四章通過前面幾章的分析,總結(jié)出1886年再版變化的特點(diǎn),包括實(shí)用性、科學(xué)性、針對(duì)性、創(chuàng)新性和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性。第五章對(duì)對(duì)外漢語教材編寫在詞匯、語法和語用方面的啟示。詞匯選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方面的啟示是所選詞語應(yīng)符合教材定位,根據(jù)人們認(rèn)識(shí)的變化而調(diào)整教材詞語和優(yōu)選具體詞語等;語法方面的啟示是教材編寫應(yīng)按照學(xué)習(xí)者的實(shí)際學(xué)習(xí)水平來編寫和重視語序等;語用方面的啟示是教材編寫應(yīng)遵循語用原則,重視教材結(jié)構(gòu)中的語用含義,重視篇章的銜接性和連貫性等。
[Abstract]:"language from you" is a textbook for foreigners to learn Chinese in the middle of 19th century, written by Wade. The textbook records a large number of real Beijing dialect pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. In this paper, 246 groups of similar sentences in the two editions of "language from you" are taken as the research objects, and the similarities and differences between the two versions are observed and compared from phonological, lexical, grammatical and pragmatic aspects. Find out the changes between the two versions. The paper includes five parts: chapter one introduces the basic situation of "language from you", and summarizes the research status of "language from you", and summarizes the achievements of previous studies in detail. The second chapter tries to find out the changes between the first edition and the second edition from the perspective of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. The changes in vocabulary are mainly reflected in the narrowing of word meaning, the replacement of written words with spoken words, the replacement of new and old words, etc. The changes in grammar are mainly reflected in the change of word order, the change of passive sentence into active sentence, etc. The third chapter finds out the changes of pragmatic phenomena in the two versions of "language from you". The second edition mainly increases the pragmatic factors in the textbook by four means, one is to increase the modifier, the other is to add the answer; The fourth is to make the expression fit the context through the replacement of words, phrases or sentences. Chapter 4th summarizes the characteristics of the reprint changes in 1886 through the analysis of the previous chapters, including practicability, science, pertinence, etc. Innovation and preciseness. Chapter 5th enlightens the compilation of teaching materials for TCFL in terms of vocabulary, grammar and pragmatics. The inspiration of lexical selection criteria is that the selected words should conform to the orientation of the textbook. According to the change of people's cognition, we should adjust the words and choose the specific words in the textbook, the inspiration in grammar is that the textbook should be compiled according to the learners' actual learning level and pay more attention to the word order and so on. The enlightenment of pragmatics is that the compilation of textbooks should follow the pragmatic principle, attach importance to the pragmatic meaning in the structure of the textbook, and attach importance to the cohesion and coherence of the text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H195.4

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