【摘要】：葉圣陶是我國20世紀卓越的語文教育家、教材編輯家、文學家以及社會活動家。他的語文教育思想是建立在批判地繼承中國傳統教育的基礎之上的,另外他還積極吸取國內外先進的教育理念,充實和發(fā)展自己的語文教育思想。他的一生經歷了五四運動、新中國成立以及新時期這三個重要的歷史時期,在每個階段都有他獨特的語文教育思想。葉圣陶是對我國語文教育研究得最投入、貢獻卓著、影響最大的教育家。葉圣陶語文教育思想的內容主要包括“語文課程性質觀”、“語文教材觀”“語文教學觀”、“教師修養(yǎng)觀”四個方面。葉圣陶認為,語文是“應付生活的工具”,是“表達和交流思想的工具”,學語文就是學做人。在語文教材建設方面,他提出了語文教材的“工具說”、“例子說”、“憑借說”等性質,還特別強調語文教材的編寫要實現“科學化”,并適應兒童的需求。在語文教學方面,葉圣陶為我們總結了閱讀與寫作教學的規(guī)律和方法。葉圣陶非常注重教師修養(yǎng)的提高,認為這是教育改革的關鍵。葉圣陶對中國現代的語文教育思想做出了許多開創(chuàng)性的歷史貢獻。他在五四時期所提出的語文是用來“自由”表達思想的觀念對于重視學生的思想、釋放學生的表達,有著不可忽視的重要價值。他的“語文工具論”對建國之后極“左”政治思潮干擾下的語文教育起到了一定的糾偏作用,使語文回歸了學科本位。他提出了“教是為了達到不需要教”,認為教師教學重在“相機誘導”,使學生自己動腦筋,學會自主學習。他非常重視在實踐中訓練學生各方面的能力,幫助學生養(yǎng)成良好的學習習慣。他首次提出“美讀”一詞,認為美讀教學重在激情吟誦、培養(yǎng)想象、訓練語感。
[Abstract]:Ye Shengtao is an outstanding Chinese educator, textbook editor, writer and social activist in the 20 th century. His Chinese education thought is based on critically inheriting the Chinese traditional education. In addition, he also actively absorbs the advanced educational ideas at home and abroad, enriches and develops his own Chinese education thought. His life experienced three important historical periods, namely, the May 4th Movement, the founding of New China and the New period, and he had his unique thoughts on Chinese education in each stage. Ye Shengtao is the most devoted, outstanding and influential educator in Chinese education in China. The content of Ye Shengtao's Chinese education thought mainly includes "Chinese curriculum nature view", "Chinese teaching material view" Chinese teaching view "," teacher accomplishment view "four aspects. Ye Shengtao believes that Chinese is a tool to cope with life and a tool to express and exchange ideas. In the aspect of Chinese teaching material construction, he put forward the "tool theory", "example theory", "relying on theory" and so on. He also emphasized that the compilation of Chinese textbooks should be scientific and adapt to the needs of children. In the aspect of Chinese teaching, Ye Shengtao sums up the rules and methods of reading and writing teaching for us. Ye Shengtao attaches great importance to the improvement of teacher cultivation, which is the key to educational reform. Ye Shengtao has made many pioneering historical contributions to the modern Chinese education in China. The idea that Chinese was put forward by him during the May 4th Movement is used to express thoughts freely has important value for paying attention to students' thoughts and releasing students' expression. His "Chinese tool Theory" has played a certain role in correcting the Chinese education under the interference of the "left" political trend after the founding of the people's Republic of China, which has brought Chinese back to the subject standard. He put forward that "teaching is to achieve the goal of not needing to teach", and that teachers' teaching should focus on "camera guidance" so that students can use their brains and learn how to learn independently. He attaches great importance to the practice of training students in all aspects of the ability to help students develop good study habits. He put forward the term "beautiful reading" for the first time, and thought that the teaching of beautiful reading should focus on passion recitation, imagination training and language sense training.
【學位授予單位】：浙江師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.3

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2 靳健;;科學性是中國語文教育從封閉走向開放的標志——紀念杰出的教育家葉圣陶[J];課程.教材.教法;2014年11期

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