【摘要】：在國際競(jìng)爭越來越激烈的今天,公民的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)已經(jīng)成為影響國家綜合國力的重要因素之一。與發(fā)達(dá)國家相比,我國青少年學(xué)生乃至公民整體的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)水平都比較低,這種現(xiàn)狀已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重地影響到我國在世界中的綜合競(jìng)爭力。針對(duì)這一問題,本文立足于中學(xué)物理教學(xué)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì),探索如何采取有效的教學(xué)策略來培養(yǎng)和提高青少年學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。本論文共分為5個(gè)部分。第一部分緒論,闡述了本論文選題的緣由,針對(duì)國內(nèi)外科學(xué)素養(yǎng)及培養(yǎng)科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行搜集和整理,分析了物理教學(xué)培養(yǎng)科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的研究歷史與現(xiàn)狀,在此基礎(chǔ)上論述了本論文研究的目的、意義以及研究的思路、方法和主要內(nèi)容。第二部分對(duì)科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行研究,分析并論述了科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的內(nèi)涵、結(jié)構(gòu)、特點(diǎn)以及培養(yǎng)科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的意義。第三部分研究了中學(xué)物理教學(xué)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì),從中學(xué)物理知識(shí)、中學(xué)物理學(xué)習(xí)過程以及新課程理念下的中學(xué)物理教學(xué)過程三個(gè)方面,研究了中學(xué)物理教學(xué)對(duì)于形成學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的具體優(yōu)勢(shì)。第四部分研究了中學(xué)物理教學(xué)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的教學(xué)策略。筆者結(jié)合科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的相關(guān)理論、中學(xué)物理教學(xué)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的具體優(yōu)勢(shì),提出了以下五個(gè)具體可操作的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的教學(xué)策略：教學(xué)策略一：重視中學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué),由于中學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)是促進(jìn)學(xué)生形成良好科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的重要途徑,本文分別研究了提高物理演示實(shí)驗(yàn)、學(xué)生物理分組實(shí)驗(yàn)以及物理課外實(shí)驗(yàn)活動(dòng)的有效性來提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)；教學(xué)策略二：教學(xué)中有效滲透物理學(xué)史有關(guān)內(nèi)容,物理學(xué)史有關(guān)內(nèi)容蘊(yùn)含了豐富的科學(xué)知識(shí)、方法以及一些科學(xué)的人文精神,對(duì)于促進(jìn)學(xué)生形成良好的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)具有重要意義,本文從提高教師的史學(xué)素養(yǎng)以及創(chuàng)新物理學(xué)史的滲透思路兩個(gè)方面來研究如何有效滲透物理學(xué)史來提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)；教學(xué)策略三：加強(qiáng)中學(xué)物理科學(xué)探究活動(dòng),科學(xué)探究對(duì)學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的形成至關(guān)重要,通過抓住物理科學(xué)探究活動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵以及提高物理科學(xué)探究活動(dòng)的有效性來實(shí)現(xiàn)全面培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)；教學(xué)策略四：改革中學(xué)物理習(xí)題教學(xué),使物理習(xí)題教學(xué)成為學(xué)生主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的過程,讓“生活”走進(jìn)中學(xué)物理習(xí)題教學(xué),努力在中學(xué)物理習(xí)題教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)和提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)；教學(xué)策略五：開展物理科普活動(dòng),把握物理科普活動(dòng)的目的,通過課內(nèi)外有效的物理科普活動(dòng),促進(jìn)學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的形成。第五部分是研究的總結(jié)與展望,闡述了本研究的成果、創(chuàng)新之處以及有待進(jìn)一步研究的問題,為今后的研究指明了方向。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the international competition is more and more intense, the citizen's scientific accomplishment has become one of the important factors that influence the national comprehensive national strength. Compared with the developed countries, the level of scientific literacy of young students and even citizens in China is relatively low, which has seriously affected the comprehensive competitiveness of our country in the world. Aiming at this problem, this paper bases on the advantage of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle school, and explores how to adopt effective teaching strategies to cultivate and improve the scientific literacy of young students. This thesis is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, which explains the reason of this thesis, collects and arranges the related documents of scientific literacy and the cultivation of scientific literacy at home and abroad, and analyzes the history and present situation of the research on cultivating scientific literacy in physics teaching. On this basis, the purpose, significance, train of thought, method and main content of this paper are discussed. In the second part, the related theories of scientific literacy are studied, and the connotation, structure, characteristics and significance of cultivating scientific literacy are analyzed and discussed. The third part studies the advantages of middle school physics teaching in cultivating students' scientific literacy, from three aspects: middle school physics knowledge, middle school physics learning process and middle school physics teaching process under the new curriculum concept. This paper studies the specific advantages of physics teaching in middle school for the formation of students' scientific literacy. The fourth part studies the teaching strategy of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle school. Combining with the relevant theories of scientific literacy, the author has the specific advantages of cultivating students' scientific literacy in physics teaching in middle schools. This paper puts forward the following five practical teaching strategies for cultivating students' scientific literacy: teaching strategy one: attaching importance to the teaching of physics experiments in middle schools, because physics experiments in middle schools are an important way to promote students to form good scientific literacy. This paper studies how to improve students' scientific literacy by improving the effectiveness of physics demonstration experiment, physics grouping experiment and physics extracurricular experiment activities. The contents of the history of physics contain abundant scientific knowledge, methods and some scientific humanistic spirit, which are of great significance to promote the students to form good scientific literacy. This paper studies how to effectively infiltrate physics history to improve students' scientific literacy from two aspects of improving teachers' historical literacy and innovating the permeating thinking of physics history. Scientific inquiry is of great importance to the formation of students' scientific literacy. By grasping the key of physical scientific inquiry and improving the effectiveness of physical scientific inquiry, we can fully cultivate students' scientific literacy. Teaching strategy four: reform the middle school physics exercise teaching, make the physics exercise teaching become the students' active study process, let "life" into the middle school physics exercise teaching, try hard to cultivate and improve the students' scientific accomplishment in the middle school physics exercise teaching; Teaching strategy five: to develop physics science popularization activities, grasp the purpose of physics science popularization activities, and promote the formation of students' scientific literacy through effective physics science popularization activities in and out of class. The fifth part is the summary and prospect of the research, and expounds the achievements, innovations and problems to be further studied, pointing out the direction for the future research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G633.7

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