本文選題：逆向思維 + 物理教學(xué)��； 參考：《貴州師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的高速發(fā)展,人類已進(jìn)入知識經(jīng)濟(jì)時代,具有創(chuàng)新能力的人才緊缺成為每個行業(yè)的緊迫問題。創(chuàng)新能力的人才首先需具備創(chuàng)新的思維能力,高中階段是學(xué)生思維能力形成和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時期,逆向思維作為一種發(fā)散性的創(chuàng)新思維,是創(chuàng)新人才必備的一種思維方式,高中物理教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的逆向思維能力有著積極的意義。本文首先簡要介紹了思維和逆向思維的概念,以及逆向思維的類型和特點,然后就高中物理教學(xué)中逆向思維能力培養(yǎng)的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上,以相關(guān)教學(xué)理論、學(xué)習(xí)理論為指導(dǎo),結(jié)合自己長期的教學(xué)實踐經(jīng)驗,探討出了在高中物理概念規(guī)律、實驗及習(xí)題教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生逆向思維能力的一些教學(xué)策略。在概念規(guī)律教學(xué)中可以通過逆向創(chuàng)設(shè)物理情境,引導(dǎo)鼓勵學(xué)生逆向思考和猜想,轉(zhuǎn)變提問方式,雙向及多向思維,對比分析互逆因素等培養(yǎng)逆向思維能力。在實驗教學(xué)中可以通過非常規(guī)演示實驗,變驗證實驗為探究實驗,探索不同方法進(jìn)行實驗,利用逆向思想積極改進(jìn)和創(chuàng)新實驗等培養(yǎng)逆向思維能力。在習(xí)題教學(xué)中可以通過克服思維定勢,一題多解,一題多變,根據(jù)可逆原理解題,逆因果、常規(guī)程序解題,轉(zhuǎn)換研究對象或問題解題等培養(yǎng)逆向思維能力。根據(jù)教學(xué)策略進(jìn)行教學(xué)實驗研究表明,逆向思維能力培養(yǎng)的策略是有效和可取的,學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)物理的興趣有了明顯提高,從不同角度思考問題的意識得到增強(qiáng),思維更具靈活性,創(chuàng)新思維能力得到了有效的提高。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, mankind has entered the era of knowledge economy, and the shortage of talents with innovative ability has become an urgent problem in every industry. The creative ability talents need to have the innovative thinking ability first, the senior middle school stage is the student thought ability formation and the development key period, the reverse thought as one kind of divergent innovation thought, is the innovation talented person must one kind of thinking way. It is of positive significance to cultivate students' ability of reverse thinking in physics teaching in senior high school. This paper first introduces the concepts of thinking and reverse thinking, as well as the types and characteristics of reverse thinking, and then investigates and analyzes the present situation of the cultivation of reverse thinking ability in physics teaching in senior high school. Under the guidance of learning theory and combining with one's long-term teaching experience, this paper discusses some teaching strategies for cultivating students' ability of reverse thinking in physics concept law, experiment and exercise teaching in senior high school. In the teaching of concept law, the students can be encouraged to think and conjecture in reverse, to change the way of questioning, to think in both directions, and to develop the ability of reverse thinking through contrastive analysis of reciprocal factors. In experiment teaching, we can cultivate the ability of reverse thinking by using unconventional demonstration experiment, changing validation experiment into inquiry experiment, exploring different methods of experiment, and actively improving and innovating experiment by reverse thought. In the exercise teaching, we can train the ability of reverse thinking by overcoming the fixed thinking pattern, solving one problem more than one problem, changing one problem, solving problem according to reversible principle, inverse cause and effect, conventional procedure solving problem, changing research object or problem solving, etc. The experimental research on teaching according to the teaching strategy shows that the strategy of cultivating the ability of reverse thinking is effective and desirable, the students' interest in learning physics has been obviously improved, the consciousness of thinking from different angles has been enhanced, and the thinking is more flexible. Innovative thinking ability has been effectively improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.7

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本文編號：1783009