本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高中數(shù)學(xué) 概率與統(tǒng)計 教學(xué) 策略　出處：《延邊大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：概率與統(tǒng)計這塊內(nèi)容歷經(jīng)了高考變革,致使很多高中教師總是從經(jīng)驗出發(fā)來對這一模塊的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的講授,無論教師還是學(xué)生都對這門課的變革方向的認(rèn)識存在不足,對于概率與統(tǒng)計的理解也不到位,致使在教學(xué)中出現(xiàn)一些錯誤和偏差,這給實際教學(xué)帶來了很多困擾。由于新課標(biāo)與以前課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的系列變化,還有高考知識考點(diǎn)的變化所在,教師應(yīng)該根據(jù)這些要求靈活變化教學(xué)方式與教學(xué)手段,不能固守己見地堅持原來的教學(xué)方式。新課標(biāo)中的概率與統(tǒng)計教學(xué)不只是強(qiáng)調(diào)對于知識的掌握,還包括情感、意志的磨練以及實際生活能力的培養(yǎng)。概率統(tǒng)計知識的特殊性決定了學(xué)生要想領(lǐng)悟其精華和核心,必然需要經(jīng)過一段親自收集數(shù)據(jù)、親自去檢驗結(jié)果并隨時調(diào)整認(rèn)知、走向生活實際的一個過程,應(yīng)該說短時間內(nèi)很難完成這樣一種蛻變,所以當(dāng)下的概率與統(tǒng)計教學(xué)不理想的原因與教學(xué)進(jìn)度的安排有一定關(guān)系,所以這門課的特殊性決定了必須去除急功近利的思想認(rèn)識。本論文從分析高中新課標(biāo)概率與統(tǒng)計的內(nèi)容和教學(xué)原則出發(fā),通過調(diào)查問卷法、個別訪談法和當(dāng)面課堂觀察相結(jié)合的方式,聚焦于高中概率與統(tǒng)計的教學(xué)基本現(xiàn)狀還有其問題背后的原因分析,同時結(jié)合精心設(shè)計的調(diào)查問卷、對教師的訪談和實際走訪情況等,尋找有效改善高中概率與統(tǒng)計教學(xué)的相應(yīng)對策。就是在此基礎(chǔ)上,先對教師當(dāng)前的概率統(tǒng)計專業(yè)水平進(jìn)行前期調(diào)查研究,再對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)實際進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查分析,對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用能力進(jìn)行專業(yè)性的研究,對當(dāng)前提高教師的教學(xué)水平及如何增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的應(yīng)用實踐能力提出自己的思考,并且針對當(dāng)前的整體教學(xué)改革提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。教師在新課標(biāo)的教學(xué)改革指導(dǎo)下,不只是需要及時更新自己的教學(xué)觀念,還需通過日常實踐強(qiáng)化自身的概率統(tǒng)計基本思想,樹立以學(xué)生為本的觀念,重視數(shù)學(xué)思想的貫穿,從而創(chuàng)新適合自身教學(xué)的多元模式。當(dāng)然,還應(yīng)該在教學(xué)中注意問題情境的生活化,不斷培養(yǎng)學(xué)生應(yīng)用概率統(tǒng)計的能力,除了大家熟悉的案例教學(xué)和建立模型外,還應(yīng)該根據(jù)概率統(tǒng)計的特點(diǎn)多嘗試教學(xué)實驗法,在信息技術(shù)的熟練應(yīng)用中提高自身的教學(xué)水平,實現(xiàn)良好的教學(xué)效果。
[Abstract]:The content of probability and statistics has undergone the reform of the college entrance examination, which has led many senior high school teachers to teach the content of this module from experience. Whether teachers or students have insufficient understanding of the reform direction of this course, The understanding of probability and statistics is also not in place, which leads to some errors and deviations in teaching, which brings a lot of troubles to the actual teaching. Because of the series changes of the new curriculum standard and the previous curriculum standard, and the change of the examination places of the college entrance examination knowledge, According to these requirements, teachers should change their teaching methods flexibly and not stick to their original teaching methods. The teaching of probability and statistics in the new curriculum standard not only emphasizes the mastery of knowledge, but also includes emotion. The particularity of the knowledge of probability and statistics determines that in order to understand the essence and core of the knowledge, students must collect the data in person, check the results and adjust their cognition at any time. It should be said that it is very difficult to complete such a transformation in a short period of time in the process of moving towards the reality of life. Therefore, the present probability has something to do with the reasons for the unsatisfactory teaching of statistics and the arrangement of teaching progress. Therefore, the particularity of this course determines that we must get rid of the thought of quick success and instant benefit. This paper starts from the analysis of the probability and statistical content and teaching principles of the new curriculum standard in senior high school, and through the method of questionnaire, The combination of individual interview and in-person classroom observation focuses on the basic teaching situation of high school probability and statistics and the reasons behind the problems. At the same time, it combines with the carefully designed questionnaire. On the basis of the interviews and actual visits of teachers, the corresponding countermeasures to effectively improve the teaching of probability and statistics in senior high school are sought. On this basis, the current professional level of probability and statistics of teachers is investigated and studied in the early stage. Secondly, through questionnaire survey and analysis of students' learning practice, the author makes a professional study on students' learning application ability, and puts forward some thoughts on how to improve teachers' teaching level and how to enhance students' applied practical ability. Under the guidance of the new curriculum standard, teachers not only need to update their own teaching concepts in time, but also need to strengthen their basic idea of probability statistics through daily practice. We should set up a student-oriented concept, attach importance to the penetration of mathematical thoughts, so as to innovate the multi-mode suitable for our own teaching. Of course, we should also pay attention to the life of problem situations in teaching, and constantly cultivate the students' ability to apply probability statistics. In addition to the familiar case teaching and modeling, we should try teaching experiment method according to the characteristics of probability and statistics, improve our teaching level and achieve good teaching effect in the skillful application of information technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.6

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本文編號：1509009