本文選題：生鮮電商　切入點：供應(yīng)鏈管理　出處：《對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展,中國的電子商務(wù)迅速崛起,人們逐漸習(xí)慣了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來的各種紅利,電子商務(wù)迅速滲透到人們生活的方方面面,在很多領(lǐng)域都誕生了很多的電子商務(wù)公司,生鮮電商就是在這種背景下應(yīng)運而生。2012年是生鮮電商的發(fā)展元年,出現(xiàn)了很多業(yè)務(wù)模式的探索。經(jīng)歷了4年多的發(fā)展,雖然生鮮電商還有巨大的發(fā)展空間,但是截至現(xiàn)在,很多難點還是沒有被攻克,制約生鮮電商發(fā)展的瓶頸依然存在,其中最大的難點就是供應(yīng)鏈管理。本文以垂直類生鮮電商B公司為例進行闡述和分析,根據(jù)B公司供應(yīng)鏈管理各個環(huán)節(jié)的現(xiàn)狀及暴露出的問題進行挖掘,分析問題的成因,尋找優(yōu)化的方向。本文中的供應(yīng)鏈管理主要包含供應(yīng)商管理、商品質(zhì)量管理、運營管理、庫存管理、包裝方案、冷鏈配送管理等。生鮮食品的“安全性要求高、生產(chǎn)周期長、保鮮期較短、高損耗、非標準化、”等特點,導(dǎo)致生鮮電商相較其他電商,在用戶體驗和成本控制上面臨更大的挑戰(zhàn)。對供應(yīng)商的管理不能僅限于事后監(jiān)管,更需要前置和適當?shù)囊龑?dǎo)。在質(zhì)量管理上,要求更高,需要形成完整的管理鏈條,以保證產(chǎn)品從生產(chǎn)到入庫、到出庫、到送達顧客、到顧客食用都能符合質(zhì)量標準;在商品采購管理上,備貨需要克服“庫存周轉(zhuǎn)與銷售的不確定性之間的矛盾”;在運營方式的選擇上,因為生鮮電商的引流成本很高,怎么找到相對精準的營銷方式,也是個難題;在庫內(nèi)管理上,從商品驗收標準的制定和執(zhí)行,到效期管理和質(zhì)量巡檢,到加工和出庫標準的制定和執(zhí)行,都存在很大的管理難度;在包裝方案設(shè)計上,既要考慮保溫、防撞、美觀等功能需求又要保證配送的便利性和控制包裝成本,需要根據(jù)產(chǎn)品的特點和外在環(huán)境的變化因地制宜制定合適的方案,且是個持續(xù)開發(fā)和優(yōu)化的過程;在冷鏈配送上,配送時效和配送成本是生鮮電商面臨的最大難題,尤其是怎么解決生鮮電商最后一公里的配送問題,需要探索。本文對以上難點問題進行了簡單的探討,提出了一些優(yōu)化方向,但是具體的解決辦法還需要繼續(xù)探討和研究。供應(yīng)鏈管理幾乎涉及公司運營的各個環(huán)節(jié),所有解決方案都離不開各個環(huán)節(jié)的流程設(shè)計、流程的執(zhí)行和監(jiān)管,而且沒有模式化的管理辦法,需要根據(jù)自身的特點和變化的情況不斷的調(diào)整和優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:With the development of the Internet, the rapid rise of e-commerce in China, people have become accustomed to the various dividends brought by the Internet, e-commerce has rapidly penetrated into all aspects of people's lives, and many e-commerce companies have been born in many fields. In 2012 was the first year of the development of fresh e-commerce, and many business models were explored. After more than four years of development, although there is still a huge room for development, but up to now, Many difficulties have not been overcome, the bottleneck of restricting the development of fresh e-commerce still exists, among which the biggest difficulty is supply chain management. According to the current situation and exposed problems of supply chain management in Company B, the causes of the problems are analyzed, and the direction of optimization is found. The supply chain management in this paper mainly includes supplier management, commodity quality management, operation management, etc. Storage management, packaging scheme, cold chain distribution management, etc. The characteristics of fresh food such as "high safety requirements, long production cycle, short shelf life, high wastage, non-standardization," and so on, resulting in fresh and fresh e-commerce compared with other e-commerce, Facing greater challenges in user experience and cost control. The management of suppliers should not be limited to ex post supervision, but also need lead and appropriate guidance. In terms of quality management, higher requirements, need to form a complete management chain, In order to ensure that the products can meet the quality standards from production to storage, to delivery, to the delivery of customers, to customer consumption; in the management of commodity procurement, Stock preparation needs to overcome the "contradiction between inventory turnover and uncertainty of sales"; how to find a relatively accurate marketing method is also a difficult problem in the choice of operation mode because of the high drainage cost of the fresh e-commerce business; and in the management of the warehouse, From the formulation and implementation of commodity acceptance standards, to the effective period management and quality inspection, to the formulation and implementation of processing and exiting standards, there are great difficulties in management; in the design of packaging schemes, it is necessary to consider heat preservation and collision prevention. In order to ensure the convenience of distribution and control of packaging cost, the functional requirements, such as aesthetics, need to make appropriate plans according to the characteristics of the product and the changes in the external environment, and it is a process of continuous development and optimization; in the cold chain distribution, it is necessary to make appropriate plans according to the characteristics of the product and the changes in the external environment. Distribution limitation and distribution cost are the biggest problems faced by fresh e-commerce, especially how to solve the distribution problem of the last kilometer of fresh e-commerce, which needs to be explored. In this paper, the above difficult problems are briefly discussed, and some optimization directions are put forward. However, the specific solutions still need to continue to explore and study. Supply chain management involves almost every link in the company's operation, and all solutions are inseparable from the process design, process execution and supervision of each link. Moreover, there is no pattern management method, which needs to be adjusted and optimized according to its own characteristics and changing conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F724.6;F323.7
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本文編號：1592815