吉林市化工產(chǎn)業(yè)集群研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-01 12:50
【摘要】：隨著國民經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，化工產(chǎn)業(yè)的應(yīng)用范圍已延伸到包括醫(yī)藥、環(huán)保、航空、電子、汽車、服裝、建筑、食品、日化、農(nóng)藥、化肥等等各個領(lǐng)域，在未來也必然會有著廣闊的發(fā)展空間和極大的發(fā)展機遇。在經(jīng)濟全球化時代，跨國公司已從我國沿海開放城市逐步向內(nèi)陸地區(qū)推進，它在全世界范圍內(nèi)進行資源配置，擁有著人才、技術(shù)、管理、資本、市場信息等各種優(yōu)勢，無論是生產(chǎn)市場和資本市場都具有強大競爭力。面對這種競爭壓力，國內(nèi)企業(yè)只有積極應(yīng)對，才能更好地參與到全球化浪潮中，獲得更大的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟和競爭優(yōu)勢，這也是我國化工產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的必然之路。我國廣大內(nèi)陸省份的化工產(chǎn)業(yè)，面臨著來自跨國公司和國內(nèi)尤其是具有區(qū)位和市場優(yōu)勢的沿海地區(qū)化工產(chǎn)業(yè)的雙重競爭壓力，必須找到適合自己發(fā)展的道路。 吉林市化工產(chǎn)業(yè)是吉林省的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，為了更好地發(fā)揮它對吉林省經(jīng)濟的帶動作用，我們對吉林市化工產(chǎn)業(yè)集群進行了研究，并以此理解探究老工業(yè)基地和內(nèi)陸省份產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的發(fā)展規(guī)律。通過對國內(nèi)外化工產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展概況的了解，發(fā)現(xiàn)擁有廣闊市場的亞太也是未來全球化工投資的熱點，技術(shù)變革將助力未來化工發(fā)展，我國化工產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩問題依然嚴重，產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度仍不高，在安全生產(chǎn)和節(jié)能降耗領(lǐng)域仍有大的發(fā)展空間。 在化工產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩的大背景下，由于體制因素導致的原料缺乏，當?shù)厥袌鰶]有得到良好培育，發(fā)展落后，加之缺乏有潛力的延伸項目，產(chǎn)品附加值低，集群發(fā)展緩慢。由于吉林化工產(chǎn)業(yè)集群面臨企業(yè)裝置老化、所在東北地區(qū)化工品需求不旺的技術(shù)和市場限制，資本雄厚和技術(shù)先進的大型化工外企和沿海發(fā)達化工的競爭壓力，因而吉林化工產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的競爭力較差。老吉化還要淘汰落后產(chǎn)能和技術(shù)改進落后裝置，因而，科研和技術(shù)方面也受到資金人才的限制，這同樣是發(fā)展的不利因素。 吉林化工產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的發(fā)展要順應(yīng)形勢，在自身特點的基礎(chǔ)上進行改善，我們從如下四個方面提出建議。一是加強人力資本培育，促進集群內(nèi)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新；二是采取循環(huán)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展模式，加快產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈調(diào)整；三是改革融資體制以激活中小企業(yè)發(fā)展；四是加強法律法規(guī)建設(shè)。首先，我們要利用好集群原有的人力資本優(yōu)勢，用創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)進步來助力企業(yè)發(fā)展。其次，我們要遵循整體形勢循環(huán)發(fā)展，調(diào)整工藝和應(yīng)用新技術(shù)來節(jié)能降耗、安全生產(chǎn)，調(diào)整產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)對附加值低的弊端。再次，克服現(xiàn)有體制問題的弊端在于扶植新的地方化工企業(yè)形成新增長點，或者改善融資體制以促進中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展。最后，就是加強地方性法律法規(guī)建設(shè)以保障集群發(fā)展的政策延續(xù)性和市場競爭的規(guī)范性。此外，，集群企業(yè)更要按照“十二五”規(guī)劃中對于化工產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、能耗、環(huán)保、安全等方面的規(guī)定進行產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展和改造，以獲得更好的收益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, the application scope of the chemical industry has been extended to include medicine, environmental protection, aviation, electronics, automobile, clothing, construction, food, daily chemical, pesticide, fertilizer and other fields. In the future there will be a broad space for development and great opportunities for development. In the era of economic globalization, multinational corporations have gradually advanced from the coastal open cities of our country to inland areas. They have all kinds of advantages such as talent, technology, management, capital, market information and so on. Both the production market and the capital market have strong competitiveness. Faced with this kind of competitive pressure, domestic enterprises can better participate in the tide of globalization and gain greater scale economy and competitive advantage, which is the inevitable way for the development of chemical industry in our country. The chemical industry in inland provinces of our country is facing the double competitive pressure from multinational corporations and the chemical industry of coastal areas which have the advantage of location and market, so it is necessary to find a suitable way for their own development. Jilin City's chemical industry is the pillar industry of Jilin Province. In order to give full play to its driving effect on Jilin's economy, we have carried out a study on Jilin's chemical industry cluster. And to understand and explore the old industrial base and inland provinces industrial cluster development law. Through understanding the general situation of the chemical industry development at home and abroad, it is found that the Asia-Pacific region, which has a broad market, will also be the hot spot of the chemical industry investment in the future. Technological changes will help the chemical industry in the future, and the problem of overcapacity in the chemical industry in China is still serious. Industrial concentration is still low, and there is still great room for development in the field of production safety and energy saving and consumption reduction. Under the background of overcapacity in chemical industry, due to the lack of raw materials caused by institutional factors, the local market is not well cultivated, and the development is backward. In addition, the lack of extended projects with potential, the low added value of products and the slow development of clusters. Because the Jilin chemical industry cluster is facing the aging of the enterprise plant, the technical and market constraints of the chemical products demand in the northeast region, and the competitive pressure of large foreign chemical enterprises with abundant capital and advanced technology, and the developed chemical industry along the coast, As a result, Jilin chemical industry cluster is less competitive. Old Jihua also needs to eliminate backward production capacity and technology to improve backward devices, therefore, scientific research and technology are also limited by capital personnel, which is also a negative factor for development. The development of Jilin chemical industry cluster should conform to the situation and improve on the basis of its own characteristics. One is to strengthen the cultivation of human capital to promote technological innovation in the cluster; the other is to adopt the development model of circular economy to speed up the adjustment of industrial chain; third, to reform the financing system to activate the development of small and medium-sized enterprises; fourth, to strengthen the construction of laws and regulations. First of all, we should make good use of the human capital advantages of the cluster, with innovation and technological progress to help the development of enterprises. Secondly, we should follow the overall situation of circular development, adjust the process and the application of new technologies to save energy, production safety, adjust the product structure to cope with the disadvantages of low added value. Thirdly, to overcome the drawbacks of existing system problems lies in fostering new local chemical enterprises to form new growth points, or improving financing system to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Finally, it is to strengthen the construction of local laws and regulations to ensure the continuity of policy and the standardization of market competition. In addition, cluster enterprises should develop and transform the industrial chain in accordance with the regulations of the 12th Five-Year Plan on chemical industry structure, energy consumption, environmental protection, safety and so on, in order to obtain better profits.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F427
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, the application scope of the chemical industry has been extended to include medicine, environmental protection, aviation, electronics, automobile, clothing, construction, food, daily chemical, pesticide, fertilizer and other fields. In the future there will be a broad space for development and great opportunities for development. In the era of economic globalization, multinational corporations have gradually advanced from the coastal open cities of our country to inland areas. They have all kinds of advantages such as talent, technology, management, capital, market information and so on. Both the production market and the capital market have strong competitiveness. Faced with this kind of competitive pressure, domestic enterprises can better participate in the tide of globalization and gain greater scale economy and competitive advantage, which is the inevitable way for the development of chemical industry in our country. The chemical industry in inland provinces of our country is facing the double competitive pressure from multinational corporations and the chemical industry of coastal areas which have the advantage of location and market, so it is necessary to find a suitable way for their own development. Jilin City's chemical industry is the pillar industry of Jilin Province. In order to give full play to its driving effect on Jilin's economy, we have carried out a study on Jilin's chemical industry cluster. And to understand and explore the old industrial base and inland provinces industrial cluster development law. Through understanding the general situation of the chemical industry development at home and abroad, it is found that the Asia-Pacific region, which has a broad market, will also be the hot spot of the chemical industry investment in the future. Technological changes will help the chemical industry in the future, and the problem of overcapacity in the chemical industry in China is still serious. Industrial concentration is still low, and there is still great room for development in the field of production safety and energy saving and consumption reduction. Under the background of overcapacity in chemical industry, due to the lack of raw materials caused by institutional factors, the local market is not well cultivated, and the development is backward. In addition, the lack of extended projects with potential, the low added value of products and the slow development of clusters. Because the Jilin chemical industry cluster is facing the aging of the enterprise plant, the technical and market constraints of the chemical products demand in the northeast region, and the competitive pressure of large foreign chemical enterprises with abundant capital and advanced technology, and the developed chemical industry along the coast, As a result, Jilin chemical industry cluster is less competitive. Old Jihua also needs to eliminate backward production capacity and technology to improve backward devices, therefore, scientific research and technology are also limited by capital personnel, which is also a negative factor for development. The development of Jilin chemical industry cluster should conform to the situation and improve on the basis of its own characteristics. One is to strengthen the cultivation of human capital to promote technological innovation in the cluster; the other is to adopt the development model of circular economy to speed up the adjustment of industrial chain; third, to reform the financing system to activate the development of small and medium-sized enterprises; fourth, to strengthen the construction of laws and regulations. First of all, we should make good use of the human capital advantages of the cluster, with innovation and technological progress to help the development of enterprises. Secondly, we should follow the overall situation of circular development, adjust the process and the application of new technologies to save energy, production safety, adjust the product structure to cope with the disadvantages of low added value. Thirdly, to overcome the drawbacks of existing system problems lies in fostering new local chemical enterprises to form new growth points, or improving financing system to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Finally, it is to strengthen the construction of local laws and regulations to ensure the continuity of policy and the standardization of market competition. In addition, cluster enterprises should develop and transform the industrial chain in accordance with the regulations of the 12th Five-Year Plan on chemical industry structure, energy consumption, environmental protection, safety and so on, in order to obtain better profits.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F427
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