本文關(guān)鍵詞： 電動(dòng)汽車 投資機(jī)會 五力分析 SWOT分析　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,汽車消費(fèi)出線井噴,逐漸進(jìn)入普通工薪家庭,并開始由城市家庭消費(fèi)向農(nóng)村家庭消費(fèi)普及,龐大的汽車保有量給我國的環(huán)境和能源帶來了巨大的壓力。從環(huán)境問題來講,近年來,我國從華北到中部、乃至江南、黃淮地區(qū)相繼出現(xiàn)大范圍霧霾天氣表明,都被霧霾籠罩,部分大、中城市的環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)到了不可接受的程度,成為影響民生的重要問題之一；從能源問題來講,我國在能源供應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)上存在典型的“多煤、少油、缺氣”的特征,按照“石油峰值”等相關(guān)理論、同時(shí)根據(jù)我國目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式進(jìn)行測算,未來5年和15年內(nèi)我國所需的石油量將分別達(dá)到5.3億噸和6.5億噸。而我國原油產(chǎn)量在2015年達(dá)到峰值后將逐年減少,最多也不超過2億噸,這說明我國的原油進(jìn)口量將持續(xù)增加,石油對外依存度不斷上升,按照中國石油集團(tuán)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)研究院發(fā)布《2013年國內(nèi)外油氣行業(yè)發(fā)展報(bào)告》稱,2013年,中國石油的對外依存度已經(jīng)達(dá)到58.1%。從上述數(shù)據(jù)可以看出,我國大力支持發(fā)展電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)將有力緩解目前所面臨的環(huán)境和資源壓力,減少環(huán)境污染和降低石油對外依存度,對于保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境和保障國家能源安全,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的低碳可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。同時(shí),在技術(shù)差距與發(fā)達(dá)國家不大的前提下,我們國家采取政策支持、充分整合優(yōu)勢資源的基礎(chǔ)上,實(shí)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)汽車領(lǐng)域的“彎道超車”,對于提升我國的汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)全球競爭力具有重要的戰(zhàn)略意義。本文以首先介紹了全球各主要國家的電動(dòng)汽車戰(zhàn)略及消費(fèi)情況,結(jié)合我國目前電動(dòng)汽車發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,詳細(xì)的分析了我國電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)的發(fā)展概況及存在問題。運(yùn)用波特五力模型對我國電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析,從進(jìn)入壁壘、替代品威脅、消費(fèi)者議價(jià)能力、供應(yīng)商議價(jià)能力和行業(yè)現(xiàn)有競爭者之間競爭關(guān)系等五方面分析得出,我國電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)從產(chǎn)業(yè)培育期向大規(guī)模產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展過程中,需要政策的強(qiáng)力支持；運(yùn)用SWOT分析對我國電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)發(fā)展所具有的優(yōu)勢與劣勢、以及面臨的機(jī)遇與威脅進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析,得出了我國電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)存在巨大的市場空間和投資機(jī)會。在得出我國電動(dòng)汽車具有巨大的市場空間的基礎(chǔ)上,本文積極探尋電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)及其上下游相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)存在的投資機(jī)會,對行業(yè)相關(guān)方和潛在投資者提供借鑒和參考,并針對如何促進(jìn)我國電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)的長期健康發(fā)展給出了一些針對性政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the continuous development of our country's economy, automobile consumption has been blowout, and gradually entered into the ordinary working families, and began to popularize from urban to rural household consumption. The huge amount of automobile ownership has brought great pressure to the environment and energy of our country. In terms of environmental problems, in recent years, from North China to Central China, and even to the south of the Yangtze River, the emergence of a large scale of haze weather in the Huanghuai region shows that haze has shrouded the region. The environmental problems in some large and medium-sized cities have reached an unacceptable level and have become one of the most important issues affecting people's livelihood. In terms of energy issues, there are typical characteristics of "more coal, less oil, and less gas" in the energy supply structure of our country. According to the "peak oil" and other relevant theories, at the same time, according to the current economic development mode of our country, In the next five years and 15 years, China will need 530 million tons of oil and 650 million tons of oil respectively. However, China's crude oil production will decrease year by year after reaching its peak in 2015, and the maximum will not exceed 200 million tons. This shows that China's crude oil imports will continue to increase. According to the 2013 report on the Development of Oil and Gas Industry at Home and abroad issued by the Economic and technological Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation, the external dependence of PetroChina has reached 58.1% in 2013. As can be seen from the above data, China's strong support for the development of the electric vehicle industry will make it possible to alleviate the environmental and resource pressures currently being faced, reduce environmental pollution and reduce the degree of dependence of oil on foreign countries, which will protect the ecological environment and ensure national energy security. It is of great significance to achieve low-carbon sustainable development of the economy. At the same time, on the premise that the technological gap is small with the developed countries, our country has adopted policy support and fully integrated its superior resources. The realization of "bend overtaking" in the field of electric vehicles is of great strategic significance for improving the global competitiveness of China's automobile industry. This paper first introduces the strategy and consumption of electric vehicles in the major countries of the world. Combined with the current situation of electric vehicle development in China, the development situation and existing problems of electric vehicle industry in China are analyzed in detail. The development status of electric vehicle industry in China is analyzed by using Porter's five-force model, and the barriers to entry are analyzed. Five aspects, such as the threat of substitute, the bargaining power of consumers, the bargaining power of suppliers and the competitive relationship between the existing competitors in the industry, are analyzed. The conclusion is that the electric vehicle industry in China has developed from the period of industrial cultivation to the large-scale industrialization. It needs strong support of policy, and makes a detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the development of electric vehicle industry in China, as well as the opportunities and threats faced by the development of the electric vehicle industry by using SWOT analysis. It is concluded that there is a huge market space and investment opportunities in the electric vehicle industry in our country, and on the basis of the conclusion that there is a huge market space for electric vehicles in our country, This paper actively explores the investment opportunities of the electric vehicle industry and its upstream and downstream related industries, and provides reference and reference for the relevant parties and potential investors in the industry. Some suggestions are given on how to promote the long-term and healthy development of electric vehicle industry in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F426.471

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