本文關鍵詞：制造業(yè)全球價值鏈利益分配與中國的競爭力研究　出處：《廣東外語外貿(mào)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 制造業(yè)全球價值鏈 “GVC收入” 競爭力 國際分工地位

【摘要】：20世紀90年代以來,隨著全球信息技術和物流產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,國際垂直專業(yè)化分工成為經(jīng)濟全球化最為顯著的特征,由此導致中間品貿(mào)易大量出現(xiàn),加工貿(mào)易廣泛開展,產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)鏈和價值鏈也被最大限度地在國家間進行拆分及整合。在此背景下,傳統(tǒng)意義上產(chǎn)品的“國家制造”已經(jīng)轉變成“世界制造”(張磊、徐琳,2013),傳統(tǒng)意義上的“貨物或服務貿(mào)易”也已轉變?yōu)椤叭蝿召Q(mào)易”(WTOIDE-JETRO,2011)。由世界各國各部門參與構建的全球價值鏈分工模式對各國制造業(yè)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重大而深遠的影響,同時也改變了國際競爭的性質(zhì)。以往評價一個國家競爭力時通常采用基于進出口額的國際競爭力指標,這夸大了那些依賴進口中間品的經(jīng)濟體的競爭力,而無法全面、有效地說明一國真實的國際競爭力狀況。全球價值鏈分析(Global Value Chain Analysis,簡稱GVC分析)為準確衡量各國的國際競爭力提供了新的途徑。對比傳統(tǒng)的貿(mào)易統(tǒng)計方法,GVC分析不僅重視生產(chǎn)與貿(mào)易的增加值部分,而且可以沿產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈縱向分解單個產(chǎn)品在全球生產(chǎn)鏈上不同經(jīng)濟體和不同行業(yè)產(chǎn)生的增加值,因此,能夠更準確有效地反映各國的國際競爭力狀況。本文借鑒Marcel P.Timmer(2013)等提出的“GVC收入”及核算框架,測算分析了全球制造業(yè)產(chǎn)品增加值在世界主要國家和各部門的分布情況,以及各國基于“GVC收入”的顯性比較優(yōu)勢指數(shù),判斷中國在制造業(yè)全球價值鏈上的競爭力及分工地位。此外,本文通過計量模型,分析了人力資源稟賦、技術創(chuàng)新、服務業(yè)發(fā)展、外商直接投資與貿(mào)易開放度對中國在制造業(yè)全球價值鏈上競爭力的影響。本文得出以下結論:(1)中國在參與制造業(yè)全球價值鏈分工中獲得的增加值收入增長迅猛,居世界第一,但與主要國家相比,中國“制造業(yè)產(chǎn)品GVC收入”中,知識密集型制造業(yè)和服務業(yè)部門貢獻較小,中國仍然位于制造業(yè)全球價值鏈的低端環(huán)節(jié),不過,從發(fā)展趨勢看中國在制造業(yè)GVC分工中地位有一定提高。(2)中國在“紡織品、皮革與鞋類”、“電子、電器與光學設備”與“機械設備”的GVC分工中具有比較優(yōu)勢,在“交通運輸設備”的GVC分工中比較優(yōu)勢有較大提升,在“木材、紙制品、印刷與出版”與“化學品與非金屬礦產(chǎn)品”的GVC分工中比較劣勢最明顯。(3)人力資源稟賦、貿(mào)易開放度和外商直接投資是促進我國在制造業(yè)GVC中競爭力提高的重要驅(qū)動因素。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, with the development of global information technology and logistics industry, international vertical specialization has become the most significant characteristic of economic globalization, which led to the emergence of a large number of intermediate goods trade, processing trade extensively, the production chain and the value chain is to maximize the split and integration among countries. In this context, in traditional sense, the "national manufacturing" of products has been transformed into "world manufacturing" (Zhang Lei, Xu Lin. 2013), in traditional sense, the trade in goods or services has also been transformed into "task trade" (WTOIDE-JETRO, 2011). The global value chain division mode built by various sectors of the world has made a significant and far-reaching impact on the development of manufacturing industry in various countries, and has also changed the nature of international competition. When evaluating a country's competitiveness, it usually adopts international competitiveness index based on import and export volume, which exaggerates the competitiveness of the economies that rely on imported intermediate goods, but can not fully and effectively explain the real international competitiveness of a country. Global Value Chain Analysis, referred to as GVC analysis, provides a new way to accurately measure the international competitiveness of countries. Compared with the traditional trade statistics method, GVC analysis not only pay attention to increase production and trade value, but also along the industrial chain vertical decomposition of added value, individual products have different economies and different industries in the global production chain so it can more effectively reflect the status of the international competitiveness of the country. This paper uses Marcel P.Timmer (2013) put forward "GVC income" and accounting framework, calculation and analysis of the global manufacturing value added in the distribution of the world's major countries and various departments, and all countries based on the "GVC income" revealed comparative advantage index to judge the China in manufacturing industry on global value chain and competitive division position. Besides, this paper analyzes the impact of human resource endowment, technological innovation, service industry development, foreign direct investment and Trade Openness on China's competitiveness in the global value chain of manufacturing industry through econometric models. This paper draws the following conclusions: (1) China obtained in global manufacturing value chain to increase the value of rapid revenue growth, ranking first in the world, but compared with the major countries, Chinese "GVC manufacturing income" industry products, knowledge intensive manufacturing and service sector contribution is small, low-end links, China still in the manufacturing industry in the global value chain but from the development trend Chinese position in manufacturing division have increased GVC. (2) Chinese in textile, leather and footwear, electronics, electrical and optical equipment and mechanical equipment "GVC Division has a comparative advantage, in the" transportation equipment "GVC division of comparative advantage has greatly improved in the wood, paper products, printing and publishing" and "chemicals and non metal mineral products" division of the GVC in the most obvious disadvantages. (3) human resources endowment, trade openness and foreign direct investment are the important driving factors to promote the competitiveness of China in the manufacturing industry GVC.
【學位授予單位】：廣東外語外貿(mào)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F414

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