基于公平偏好的第三方懲罰模型
[Abstract]:The traditional "rational man" hypothesis is now more and more questioned by other branches of economics, and a large number of phenomena in real life are contrary to the expectations of traditional economic theory. Behavioral economics and experimental economics have proved through various experiments that people not only consider absolute benefits in their decisions, but also are influenced by a variety of psychological factors, including fairness, intention, cooperation, social welfare, etc. Fairness preference is one of the important factors. In our real life, we can often see some "uneven road, pull the knife to help", "act bravely" phenomenon. When we see other people's interests hurt, we punish those who bully them, even if they are not themselves. Today, society can still see punishment for good, acts of courage, the news about this aspect of the report is not uncommon. Scholars have established a variety of models on how psychological factors can affect human utility, and then affect human behavior and decision-making. , Rabin (1993) is considered as the earliest utility function model based on fair preference. After that, scholars put forward a variety of model functions, such as motivation, goodwill, reciprocity, social welfare and other factors into the model, and explain individual behavior by solving the problem of maximization of individual utility. Previously, the utility function used by scholars is mainly in the form of x f, where x is the income of the individual and f is the quantification of other factors related to psychology to influence the individual utility. For the f part, there are two common forms in the literature. One is the difference between the income and the loss of personal utility, including whether the subjective intention is benign or malicious, and the difference of the result; The other is to study the influence of the total social welfare on the utility level, and think that people not only care about their own income, but also care about the general social welfare. However, the defects of this form are obvious. Because x takes the first order linear form and adds directly to the psychological factor f behind it, it is not convenient to analyze the interaction between variables. In particular, the first-order form will degenerate into a constant term in the differential process, and the first-order condition can not be used to solve the utility maximization problem in the experiment. There is no theoretical model to analyze the experimental results of third party punishment in the framework of fairness preference. On the basis of the traditional fair preference model, this paper puts forward different unfair loathing coefficients for the benefit of other experimenters with different identities, and obtains the utility loss function of unfair income between others and others by adding individuals. The utility function models of linear type and logarithmic type are used to analyze the behavior of the punishing and dictators, and the amount of punishment of the third party and the amount assigned by the allocator to themselves are analyzed. Its own initial endowment and the relationship of unfair loathing coefficient to others. From the perspective of utility function model, this paper explains the behavior of the penalty player and its influence factors in the third party penalty game.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:C934
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