公共治理視閾下食品安全監(jiān)管探析
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-02 00:13
【摘要】：食品作為人類生活的必需品,食品安全既是民生問題又是關(guān)系到社會穩(wěn)定的問題。關(guān)系著廣大人民群眾的身體健康和生命安全。2012年“白酒塑化劑”事件,又將食品安全引入公眾視野,在白酒行業(yè)產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng),國民經(jīng)濟和社會的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展也因此遭受了嚴重的損害。近年來,針對食品安全問題,我國政府從立法、政策層面已初步建立起適合我國國情的食品安全監(jiān)管體制機制,積極探索食品安全監(jiān)管模式,特別是2013年3月新組建國家食品要監(jiān)督管理總局,在食品安全監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域探索“大部制”邁出了實質(zhì)性的一步,社會公眾期望能夠結(jié)束“九龍治水”的不良局面,修正分段監(jiān)管的弊端,能夠在食品藥品監(jiān)管上做到無縫銜接,但現(xiàn)行體制機制未有創(chuàng)新,《食品安全法》總則中規(guī)定從國家到地方的監(jiān)管職能和職責(zé),實質(zhì)上“分段監(jiān)管”已經(jīng)寫入該法。食品安全的屬性是公共物品,食品安全監(jiān)管也是公共物品,具有非排他性和非競爭性,政府失靈、市場失靈是造成食品安全問題的主要原因之一。信息不對稱,使社會公民在維權(quán)博弈中往往處于劣勢,是造成食品安全問題的又一重要原因。因此,作為一種新型的公共行政理論,公共治理是應(yīng)對傳統(tǒng)行政模式危機的對策選擇,并在從理論到實踐的發(fā)展過程中,以一系列的制度創(chuàng)新構(gòu)成公共治理的框架基礎(chǔ),為我國完善食品安全監(jiān)管提供了新的路徑選擇。 本研究主要從公共管理角度出發(fā),構(gòu)建多元主體參與食品安全治理的新模式,并對其運行機制探討,本文結(jié)構(gòu)如下：引言,闡述本文的選題背景及意義,國內(nèi)外文獻綜述,確立本文的研究內(nèi)容、研究方法及研究意義。第一章為食品安全監(jiān)管的基本概念及理論依據(jù)；第二章以“白酒塑化劑”事件為例,從食品安全監(jiān)管體制、法律法規(guī)和制度三個方面分析我國食品安全監(jiān)管的現(xiàn)狀和存在的問題進行了闡述,從政府機制、市場機制和社會機制三個層面對其原因進行了分析；第三章介紹了國外食品安全治理的經(jīng)驗,并提出了借鑒；第四部分基于公共治理理論的視角,從政府運作機制方面對策與措施、市場運作機制方面對策與措施、社會運作機制方面對策與措施三大方面提出我國食品安全治理完善路徑選擇；最后,結(jié)論部分對全文進行回顧和匯總。
[Abstract]:Food as a necessity of human life, food security is not only a people's livelihood, but also related to social stability. It has a bearing on the health and safety of the masses of the people. In 2012, the "Liquor plasticizer" incident introduced food safety into the public vision and produced a chain reaction in the liquor industry. As a result, the stable development of the national economy and society has suffered serious damage. In recent years, in view of the food safety problem, the Chinese government has initially established a food safety supervision system and mechanism suitable for our country's national conditions from the legislative and policy levels, and actively explored the food safety supervision mode. In particular, the newly established State Administration of Food Supervision and Administration in March 2013 has taken a substantive step in exploring the "large-scale system" in the field of food safety supervision, and the public expects that the bad situation of "nine dragons governing water" can be brought to an end. The shortcomings of amending subsection supervision can be seamlessly linked in food and drug supervision, but the existing system and mechanism have not been innovated. The General provisions of the Food Safety Law stipulate the functions and responsibilities of supervision from the state to the local level. Essentially "piecewise regulation" has been written into the law. The attribute of food safety is public goods, food safety supervision is also public goods, it is non-exclusive and non-competitive, government failure, market failure is one of the main causes of food safety problems. Asymmetric information makes social citizens often at a disadvantage in the game of rights protection, which is another important cause of food safety problems. Therefore, as a new type of public administration theory, public governance is the choice to deal with the crisis of traditional administrative mode. In the process of development from theory to practice, a series of institutional innovations constitute the framework basis of public governance. It provides a new way to perfect food safety supervision in our country. This research mainly from the public management angle, constructs the multi-subject to participate in the food safety management new model, and to its operation mechanism discussion, this article structure is as follows: introduction, elaborated this article topic background and the significance, domestic and foreign literature review, Establish the research content, research method and research significance of this paper. The first chapter is the basic concept and theoretical basis of food safety supervision; The second chapter analyzes the present situation and existing problems of food safety supervision in China from three aspects: food safety supervision system, laws, regulations and systems, taking the "Liquor plasticizer" incident as an example, and expounds from the government mechanism. The reasons are analyzed from three aspects: market mechanism and social mechanism. The third chapter introduces the experience of foreign food safety management, and puts forward the reference; The fourth part is based on the perspective of public governance theory, from the aspect of government operation mechanism countermeasures and measures, market operation mechanism countermeasures and measures, The countermeasures and measures in the aspect of social operation mechanism put forward the choice of the perfect path of food safety management in our country; Finally, the conclusion part reviews and summarizes the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F203;D922.16
本文編號：2452040
[Abstract]:Food as a necessity of human life, food security is not only a people's livelihood, but also related to social stability. It has a bearing on the health and safety of the masses of the people. In 2012, the "Liquor plasticizer" incident introduced food safety into the public vision and produced a chain reaction in the liquor industry. As a result, the stable development of the national economy and society has suffered serious damage. In recent years, in view of the food safety problem, the Chinese government has initially established a food safety supervision system and mechanism suitable for our country's national conditions from the legislative and policy levels, and actively explored the food safety supervision mode. In particular, the newly established State Administration of Food Supervision and Administration in March 2013 has taken a substantive step in exploring the "large-scale system" in the field of food safety supervision, and the public expects that the bad situation of "nine dragons governing water" can be brought to an end. The shortcomings of amending subsection supervision can be seamlessly linked in food and drug supervision, but the existing system and mechanism have not been innovated. The General provisions of the Food Safety Law stipulate the functions and responsibilities of supervision from the state to the local level. Essentially "piecewise regulation" has been written into the law. The attribute of food safety is public goods, food safety supervision is also public goods, it is non-exclusive and non-competitive, government failure, market failure is one of the main causes of food safety problems. Asymmetric information makes social citizens often at a disadvantage in the game of rights protection, which is another important cause of food safety problems. Therefore, as a new type of public administration theory, public governance is the choice to deal with the crisis of traditional administrative mode. In the process of development from theory to practice, a series of institutional innovations constitute the framework basis of public governance. It provides a new way to perfect food safety supervision in our country. This research mainly from the public management angle, constructs the multi-subject to participate in the food safety management new model, and to its operation mechanism discussion, this article structure is as follows: introduction, elaborated this article topic background and the significance, domestic and foreign literature review, Establish the research content, research method and research significance of this paper. The first chapter is the basic concept and theoretical basis of food safety supervision; The second chapter analyzes the present situation and existing problems of food safety supervision in China from three aspects: food safety supervision system, laws, regulations and systems, taking the "Liquor plasticizer" incident as an example, and expounds from the government mechanism. The reasons are analyzed from three aspects: market mechanism and social mechanism. The third chapter introduces the experience of foreign food safety management, and puts forward the reference; The fourth part is based on the perspective of public governance theory, from the aspect of government operation mechanism countermeasures and measures, market operation mechanism countermeasures and measures, The countermeasures and measures in the aspect of social operation mechanism put forward the choice of the perfect path of food safety management in our country; Finally, the conclusion part reviews and summarizes the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F203;D922.16
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