基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)及完善路徑研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-25 20:06
【摘要】：服務(wù)型政府理論是由中國(guó)提出這一概念但源自于西方國(guó)家理論基礎(chǔ)的重要理論形式，服務(wù)型政府是一種先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代政府形式，是我國(guó)政府改革的主要目標(biāo)。我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型、社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型使得社會(huì)對(duì)政府行政方式改進(jìn)的需求增加，因此對(duì)服務(wù)型政府的討論就顯得極其重要。就現(xiàn)有的研究成果來(lái)看，我國(guó)目前對(duì)服務(wù)型政府的研究大多是在理論層面，并且主要是對(duì)西方國(guó)家服務(wù)型政府理論的分析與借鑒；或是基于理論進(jìn)行的個(gè)案研究，而缺乏一套適合于大多數(shù)政府的服務(wù)型政府理論，針對(duì)基層服務(wù)型政府的文獻(xiàn)則更為稀缺�；鶎臃⻊�(wù)型政府建設(shè)不是一個(gè)單一的問(wèn)題，需要借鑒西方國(guó)家的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并結(jié)合我國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展的實(shí)際和需要具體問(wèn)題具體分析，避免基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)過(guò)程中的盲目性與不切合實(shí)際性，從而保障基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)工作的順利進(jìn)行。本選題對(duì)基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了梳理與歸納，對(duì)我國(guó)基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)目前取得的成績(jī)與依然存在的不足之處進(jìn)行了分析，并根據(jù)我國(guó)基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)中現(xiàn)存的問(wèn)題，提出了我國(guó)建設(shè)基層服務(wù)型政府的可操作化路徑。 本文的主要內(nèi)容共分為三大部分。 第一大部分論述了基層服務(wù)型政府的歷史演變過(guò)程及其理論基礎(chǔ)，分別從其在國(guó)外的產(chǎn)生以及在我國(guó)的發(fā)展過(guò)程等方面，提出我國(guó)基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)的必要性。在歷史上，政府的管理類(lèi)型經(jīng)歷了統(tǒng)治型、管制型和服務(wù)型三個(gè)大的階段，每個(gè)階段都有其獨(dú)特性與當(dāng)時(shí)存在的一定合理性，但服務(wù)型的政府管理類(lèi)型才是最先進(jìn)、最符合人類(lèi)發(fā)展過(guò)程的政府形式。在理論基礎(chǔ)方面，主要從比較典型的政府公共性理論、新公共管理理論、新公共服務(wù)理論以及治理理論四個(gè)理論層面分析了服務(wù)型政府的理論溯源，并解析了上述理論在服務(wù)型政府理論中的融合情況。 第二大部分主要分析了我國(guó)基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)工作的進(jìn)展情況，首先對(duì)基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)取得的成績(jī)給予了肯定，我國(guó)基層政府服務(wù)內(nèi)容不斷深化、服務(wù)的方式也逐漸優(yōu)良化、服務(wù)主體也不再僅僅局限于政府，逐漸多元，政府管制不斷減弱，服務(wù)性逐漸增強(qiáng)。盡管基層服務(wù)型政府在建設(shè)過(guò)程中取得了優(yōu)異的成績(jī)，但是仍然存在著眾多不足，基層政府績(jī)效評(píng)估體系仍然不規(guī)范，績(jī)效評(píng)估主體只有上級(jí)黨政部門(mén)承擔(dān)，缺乏一套科學(xué)的評(píng)估指標(biāo)，缺失一套完整的理論體系；基層政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變不到位；基層政府公共服務(wù)能力有限；基層政府信息化建設(shè)程度較低等問(wèn)題較為突出。 第三部分根據(jù)我國(guó)目前基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)中實(shí)際存在的問(wèn)題與困境，提出了相對(duì)應(yīng)的解決對(duì)策。首先是要構(gòu)建科學(xué)合理的基層政府績(jī)效評(píng)估制度，主要包括評(píng)估主體多元化、評(píng)估指標(biāo)科學(xué)化以及理論體系豐富化三個(gè)方面；其次是進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)變基層政府職能，要繼續(xù)推進(jìn)行政審批制度改革，進(jìn)一步推行政府與企業(yè)組織、與事業(yè)單位以及政府與社會(huì)之間的分離，提高基層政府公共服務(wù)水平，并且要促進(jìn)公共服務(wù)的均等化；最后是要提高基層政府的公共服務(wù)能力，主要從提高其財(cái)政能力、提高公務(wù)人員的公共服務(wù)能力等方面進(jìn)行提升，并且要加強(qiáng)基層政府信息化建設(shè)，提高信息化服務(wù)水平。 基層政府在我國(guó)地方政府中占據(jù)著極其重要的位置，屬于政策執(zhí)行鏈中的最底端，也因此能夠最先接收到社會(huì)的反饋信息，并能夠了解社會(huì)公眾的最新需求，從而才能夠?yàn)樯鐣?huì)公眾提供所需的公共產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)�；鶎臃⻊�(wù)型政府建設(shè)是新時(shí)代的要求，，也是我國(guó)政府進(jìn)行改革，徹底實(shí)現(xiàn)服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)的必經(jīng)之路。只有意識(shí)到不足之處，并且對(duì)癥下藥，才能確保基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)有條不紊的進(jìn)行。但由于本文所做的并不是個(gè)案分析，雖然文中涉及到某些基層政府的具體問(wèn)題，但并沒(méi)有深入細(xì)致地對(duì)某一個(gè)或幾個(gè)基層服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)的情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查，而只是做出了一般性的分析，雖然這樣能夠突破局部個(gè)案的局限性，有利于對(duì)一般性問(wèn)題的研究，但在具體的細(xì)致性的研究方面還可以進(jìn)一步提升。
[Abstract]:The theory of service-oriented government is an important theoretical form that China puts forward this concept but derives from the theoretical basis of the western countries. The service-oriented government is an advanced modern government form. It is the main goal of the reform of our government. The discussion of the type government appears extremely important. As far as the existing research results are concerned, the research on the service-oriented government is mostly at the theoretical level, and it is mainly the analysis and reference to the theory of the service-oriented government in the western countries, or the case study based on the theory, and the lack of a set of services suitable for most governments. The government theory, the literature of the grass-roots service government is more scarce. The construction of grass-roots service government is not a single problem. It needs to learn from the advanced experience of the western countries, and combine the actual and specific analysis of the needs of the social development of our country, so as to avoid the blind and unrealistic of the construction process of the grass-roots service government. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the construction work of the grass-roots service type government, this paper reviews and summarizes the relevant theories of the construction of grass-roots service-oriented government, and analyses the achievements and the still shortcomings of the grass-roots service-oriented government construction in our country, and according to the construction of the grass-roots service type government in our country. The existing problems put forward the operable path of building a grass-roots service-oriented government in China.
The main contents of this article are divided into three parts.
The first part expounds the historical evolution process and the theoretical basis of the grass-roots service type government, and puts forward the necessity of the construction of the grass-roots service type government from the emergence of foreign countries and the development process of our country respectively. In history, the management types of the government have experienced three major stages of the rule type, the control type and the service type. Each stage has its own uniqueness and certain rationality at the time, but the type of government management is the most advanced and most consistent with the process of human development. On the basis of the theory, the four theories are mainly from the typical public theory of government, the theory of new public management, the theory of new public service and the theory of governance. This paper analyzes the theoretical origin of service-oriented government and analyzes the integration of the above theories in service-oriented government theory.
The second part mainly analyzes the progress of the construction work of the grass-roots service type government in our country. First, it affirms the achievements made by the grass-roots service-oriented government. The service content of the grass-roots government is deepening, the way of service is gradually fine, and the service subject is not only limited to the government, gradually pluralism and government control. As the basic service government has achieved excellent results in the process of construction, there are still many shortcomings. The performance evaluation system of the grass-roots government is still not standardized. The main body of performance evaluation is undertaken only by the party and government departments at the higher level, lack of a set of scientific evaluation indicators and a complete set of theoretical bodies. The basic government function transformation is not in place; the grass-roots government's public service capacity is limited, and the grass-roots government's information construction degree is relatively low.
In the third part, according to the existing problems and difficulties in the construction of grass-roots service type government in China, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward. The first is to build a scientific and rational performance evaluation system for the grass-roots government, including the diversification of the evaluation subjects, the scientific evaluation index and the enrichment of the theoretical system in three aspects. To change the functions of the grass-roots government in one step, we should continue to promote the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, further promote the separation of government and enterprise organizations, the institutions and the government and the society, improve the level of public service at the grass-roots level, and promote the equalization of public services; finally, it is necessary to improve the public service capacity of the grass-roots government. We should improve its financial capability and improve the public service capacity of public servants, and strengthen the informatization construction of the grass-roots government and improve the level of information service.
The grass-roots government occupies an extremely important position in the local government of our country. It belongs to the bottom of the policy implementation chain, and it can be the first to receive the feedback information of the society, and can understand the latest needs of the public, so that it can provide the public products or services for the public. The construction of the grass-roots service government is new. The requirements of the times are also the only way for the government to carry out reform and complete the construction of the service-oriented government. Only by realizing the shortcomings and taking the remedy to the case, we can ensure the orderly construction of the grass-roots service government. But because this article is not a case analysis, it involves some specific grass-roots governments. But there is no deep and meticulous investigation of the construction of one or several grass-roots service-oriented governments, but only a general analysis is made. Although this can break through the limitations of local cases, it is beneficial to the study of general problems, but it can be further promoted in the specific and detailed research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D630.1
本文編號(hào)：2144932
[Abstract]:The theory of service-oriented government is an important theoretical form that China puts forward this concept but derives from the theoretical basis of the western countries. The service-oriented government is an advanced modern government form. It is the main goal of the reform of our government. The discussion of the type government appears extremely important. As far as the existing research results are concerned, the research on the service-oriented government is mostly at the theoretical level, and it is mainly the analysis and reference to the theory of the service-oriented government in the western countries, or the case study based on the theory, and the lack of a set of services suitable for most governments. The government theory, the literature of the grass-roots service government is more scarce. The construction of grass-roots service government is not a single problem. It needs to learn from the advanced experience of the western countries, and combine the actual and specific analysis of the needs of the social development of our country, so as to avoid the blind and unrealistic of the construction process of the grass-roots service government. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the construction work of the grass-roots service type government, this paper reviews and summarizes the relevant theories of the construction of grass-roots service-oriented government, and analyses the achievements and the still shortcomings of the grass-roots service-oriented government construction in our country, and according to the construction of the grass-roots service type government in our country. The existing problems put forward the operable path of building a grass-roots service-oriented government in China.
The main contents of this article are divided into three parts.
The first part expounds the historical evolution process and the theoretical basis of the grass-roots service type government, and puts forward the necessity of the construction of the grass-roots service type government from the emergence of foreign countries and the development process of our country respectively. In history, the management types of the government have experienced three major stages of the rule type, the control type and the service type. Each stage has its own uniqueness and certain rationality at the time, but the type of government management is the most advanced and most consistent with the process of human development. On the basis of the theory, the four theories are mainly from the typical public theory of government, the theory of new public management, the theory of new public service and the theory of governance. This paper analyzes the theoretical origin of service-oriented government and analyzes the integration of the above theories in service-oriented government theory.
The second part mainly analyzes the progress of the construction work of the grass-roots service type government in our country. First, it affirms the achievements made by the grass-roots service-oriented government. The service content of the grass-roots government is deepening, the way of service is gradually fine, and the service subject is not only limited to the government, gradually pluralism and government control. As the basic service government has achieved excellent results in the process of construction, there are still many shortcomings. The performance evaluation system of the grass-roots government is still not standardized. The main body of performance evaluation is undertaken only by the party and government departments at the higher level, lack of a set of scientific evaluation indicators and a complete set of theoretical bodies. The basic government function transformation is not in place; the grass-roots government's public service capacity is limited, and the grass-roots government's information construction degree is relatively low.
In the third part, according to the existing problems and difficulties in the construction of grass-roots service type government in China, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward. The first is to build a scientific and rational performance evaluation system for the grass-roots government, including the diversification of the evaluation subjects, the scientific evaluation index and the enrichment of the theoretical system in three aspects. To change the functions of the grass-roots government in one step, we should continue to promote the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, further promote the separation of government and enterprise organizations, the institutions and the government and the society, improve the level of public service at the grass-roots level, and promote the equalization of public services; finally, it is necessary to improve the public service capacity of the grass-roots government. We should improve its financial capability and improve the public service capacity of public servants, and strengthen the informatization construction of the grass-roots government and improve the level of information service.
The grass-roots government occupies an extremely important position in the local government of our country. It belongs to the bottom of the policy implementation chain, and it can be the first to receive the feedback information of the society, and can understand the latest needs of the public, so that it can provide the public products or services for the public. The construction of the grass-roots service government is new. The requirements of the times are also the only way for the government to carry out reform and complete the construction of the service-oriented government. Only by realizing the shortcomings and taking the remedy to the case, we can ensure the orderly construction of the grass-roots service government. But because this article is not a case analysis, it involves some specific grass-roots governments. But there is no deep and meticulous investigation of the construction of one or several grass-roots service-oriented governments, but only a general analysis is made. Although this can break through the limitations of local cases, it is beneficial to the study of general problems, but it can be further promoted in the specific and detailed research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D630.1
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