本文選題：渝東南地區(qū) + 財(cái)政扶貧��； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：貧困是經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng)和社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩的根源,是阻礙和諧社會(huì)構(gòu)建的癥結(jié),如何消除貧困,是全世界共同關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)黨、政府始終堅(jiān)定不移地扎實(shí)推進(jìn)減貧工作,取得了舉世矚目的成就,有力地促進(jìn)了貧困地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,極大地改善了貧困群眾的生產(chǎn)生活水平。但我國(guó)幅員遼闊,各個(gè)貧困區(qū)域的致貧因素、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、資源稟賦都不盡相同,貧困人口基數(shù)大、底子薄、貧困代際現(xiàn)象凸顯,制約貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展的深層次問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有得到根本解決,貧困狀況依然嚴(yán)峻,扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)工作任重而道遠(yuǎn)。扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)任務(wù)是我黨第一個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)的重點(diǎn)工作,也是最艱巨的任務(wù),其減貧效果直接關(guān)系到我國(guó)全面建成小康社會(huì)的宏偉目標(biāo)能否按期實(shí)現(xiàn)。財(cái)政作為政府宏觀調(diào)控的工具,是快速減貧的利器,財(cái)政扶貧是新時(shí)期政府扶貧事業(yè)的重要手段,“資金使用精準(zhǔn)”也是精準(zhǔn)扶貧基本要求的“六個(gè)精準(zhǔn)”之一。當(dāng)前,扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)已進(jìn)入攻堅(jiān)階段,而扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)在連片特困地區(qū),研究連片特困地區(qū)財(cái)政扶貧的減貧績(jī)效,提高財(cái)政扶貧的效益,對(duì)打贏打好新時(shí)期扶貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn),順利完成《中國(guó)農(nóng)村扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)綱要(2011—2020)》既定目標(biāo),扎實(shí)推進(jìn)“四個(gè)全面”協(xié)調(diào)同步,實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)政治穩(wěn)定、民族團(tuán)結(jié)、社會(huì)和諧、生態(tài)安全也都具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。渝東南地區(qū)地處武陵山連片特困地區(qū),轄一區(qū)五縣,是以土家族和苗族為主的少數(shù)民族聚居區(qū),也是重慶唯一的集中連片特困地區(qū)。重慶作為我國(guó)西部地區(qū)唯一的直轄市,在促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展大局中具有十分重要的戰(zhàn)略地位。盡管重慶財(cái)政扶貧支出規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,但就目前的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r來(lái)看,渝東南地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平與重慶市其他地區(qū)相比仍有較大差距。研究渝東南地區(qū)財(cái)政扶貧績(jī)效,探索財(cái)政資金的最優(yōu)使用效率是當(dāng)前急需解決的問(wèn)題。本文以渝東南地區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)財(cái)政扶貧績(jī)效及影響因素進(jìn)行了相關(guān)理論分析和實(shí)證研究。首先,在梳理了相關(guān)減貧理論的基礎(chǔ)之上,構(gòu)建了連片特困地區(qū)財(cái)政扶貧的理論分析框架,并結(jié)合渝東南地區(qū)財(cái)政投入和扶貧歷程,定性分析渝東南地區(qū)財(cái)政扶貧成效并揭示當(dāng)前的扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)重難點(diǎn);其次,針對(duì)渝東南地區(qū)的財(cái)政扶貧績(jī)效,采用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析方法(DEA)和Malmquist指數(shù)法分別從靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)角度對(duì)財(cái)政扶貧績(jī)效進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)。隨后,運(yùn)用Tobit模型探究影響渝東南地區(qū)財(cái)政扶貧的主要因素;最后,在對(duì)渝東南地片區(qū)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)進(jìn)行深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出了渝東南地區(qū)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)政策建議。本文的創(chuàng)新之處主要有以下兩點(diǎn):第一,研究角度的創(chuàng)新。本研究以渝東南地區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,將渝東南地區(qū)從武陵山連片特困地區(qū)的大背景中分離出來(lái),立足于重慶市的直轄優(yōu)勢(shì)與渝東南自身的發(fā)展特點(diǎn),構(gòu)建科學(xué)并具有普適性的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,并凝練出更有針對(duì)性的學(xué)術(shù)觀點(diǎn),彌補(bǔ)了以往研究的空白。第二,研究方法的創(chuàng)新。本研究將區(qū)域發(fā)展、產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、制度創(chuàng)新、公共管理等理論結(jié)合扶貧理論進(jìn)行多學(xué)科理論的綜合,并結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析方法(DEA)、Malmquist指數(shù)和Tobit模型等實(shí)證方法進(jìn)行分析,突破了以往扶貧研究方法單一、傾向定性研究的現(xiàn)狀,在整體研究方法上有創(chuàng)新。
[Abstract]:Poverty is the root of economic fluctuations and social unrest. It is the crux of the construction of a harmonious society. How to eliminate poverty is the common concern of the world. Since the reform and opening up, the party and the government have always steadfastly promoted the work of reducing poverty. It has achieved remarkable achievements and has greatly promoted the economic development of the poor areas. The land has improved the level of production and life of the poor, but China has a vast territory, the factors of poverty in the poor areas, the development status, the resources endowment are not the same, the poverty population base is large, the foundation is thin, the poverty intergenerational phenomenon is highlighted, the deep problems that restrict the development of the poverty-stricken areas have not been fundamentally solved, and the poverty situation is still grim, The task of poverty alleviation and development is a long way to go. The task of poverty alleviation and development is the key task and the most arduous task of our party's first century. The effect of poverty reduction is directly related to the realization of the grand goal of building a well-off society in our country. As a tool of macro regulation and control of the government, it is a sharp tool for rapid poverty reduction and financial support. Poverty is an important means of the government's poverty alleviation in the new period. "Accurate use of funds" is one of the "six precision" of the basic requirements of precision poverty alleviation. At present, the poverty alleviation and development has already entered the stage of attack, and the main battlefield of the poverty alleviation and development is in the serial and specially stricken areas to study the poor performance of the poverty alleviation of the financial poverty alleviation areas and improve the efficiency of financial poverty alleviation. It is of great practical significance to achieve political stability, national unity, social harmony and ecological security in China. The southeast region of Chongqing is located at Wuling Mountain in the southeast region. It is a good way to achieve the goal of poverty alleviation and development in the new period, and successfully complete the set goal of "the outline of China's rural poverty alleviation and development (2011 - 2020) >" and to promote the coordination and synchronization of "four comprehensive" and achieve political stability, national unity, social harmony and ecological security in China. The poverty-stricken area, under the jurisdiction of the five counties, is an area where the Tujia and Miao ethnic minorities live mainly. It is also the only centralized and specially stricken area in Chongqing. Chongqing, the only municipality in the western region of China, has a very important strategic position in promoting the overall situation of regional coordination and development. Although the scale of Chongqing's financial support for poverty alleviation continues to expand, but As far as the current development situation is concerned, there is still a big gap between the economic development level of Southeast Chongqing and the other areas in Chongqing. To study the performance of financial poverty alleviation in Southeast Chongqing and to explore the optimal use efficiency of financial funds are the urgent problems to be solved. In this paper, the performance and influence factors of financial poverty alleviation are studied in the southeast of Chongqing. The theoretical analysis and empirical research are carried out. First, based on combing the theory of poverty reduction, a theoretical framework for financial poverty alleviation is constructed, and combined with the financial input and poverty alleviation process in the southeast of Chongqing, the effectiveness of financial aid for poverty in Southeast Chongqing is qualitatively analyzed and the difficult and difficult points of current poverty alleviation and development are revealed. At the same time, in view of the performance of financial poverty alleviation in the southeast of Chongqing, the performance of financial poverty alleviation was systematically evaluated from the static and dynamic aspects by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist index method. Then, the main factors affecting the financial poverty alleviation in Southeast Chongqing were investigated by using the Tobit model. Finally, the poverty alleviation and development in the Southeast Chongqing region were developed. On the basis of in-depth analysis, this paper puts forward the policy suggestions for poverty alleviation and development in the southeast of Chongqing. The main innovations of this paper are the following two points: first, the innovation of the research angle. This study takes the southeast of Chongqing as the research object, and separates the Southeast Chongqing from the big background of the Wuling mountain area, which is based on the direct of Chongqing. The advantages and the development characteristics of Southeast Chongqing, build a scientific and universal evaluation index system, and draw up more pertinent academic views, make up for the blank of previous research. Second, the innovation of research methods. This study combines the theory of regional development, industrial development, institutional innovation, public management and so on with the theory of poverty alleviation. The synthesis of subject theory, combined with the data envelopment analysis (DEA), the Malmquist index and the Tobit model, has broken through the previous research methods of poverty alleviation, which tend to be qualitative research, and are innovative in the overall research method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F323.8;F812.7

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