本文選題：廣東省 + 醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)　； 參考：《廣西師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來隨著醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生信息化的發(fā)展,大數(shù)據(jù)時代也已進入到了醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生領域,醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生業(yè)務過程同樣也是個醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)累積的過程,并會對醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生行業(yè)產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。醫(yī)療行業(yè)早就面臨著海量數(shù)據(jù)及非結(jié)構(gòu)化數(shù)據(jù)的雙重挑戰(zhàn),它涉及面比較廣,包括臨床輔助決策、臨床試驗分析、疾病防治、衛(wèi)生質(zhì)量監(jiān)管、公共政策制定等方面。伴隨著移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和云計算等技術的快速發(fā)展,醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)展能夠有效提升醫(yī)療的效果和效率,并對普通民眾的生活和政府政策的制定產(chǎn)生深刻的影響。經(jīng)過多年的發(fā)展,醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生信息化已取得了不錯的成績,為醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)展奠定了良好的基礎。醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生信息化是與醫(yī)療服務和管理有關的數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)與管理信息系統(tǒng),偏重于醫(yī)院內(nèi)部的信息平臺建設,只能在特定的封閉系統(tǒng)內(nèi)相對較好地進行數(shù)據(jù)的交換和共享。在此其礎上發(fā)展而來的區(qū)域衛(wèi)生信息系統(tǒng),它也是在特定區(qū)域內(nèi)信息系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)交換和共享的平臺,而醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)則是基于統(tǒng)一的數(shù)據(jù)和信息標準建立的跨醫(yī)院、跨區(qū)域的信息資源共享平臺,是一個開放的系統(tǒng)。由此可見,大數(shù)據(jù)的建設超越了醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生信息化建設范疇,是一個自上而下的推動過程,因此,探討政府在醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設中的重要作用及相關政策就顯得尤為重要和迫切。本文回顧了廣東省醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設發(fā)展歷程,分析了廣東省的醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設過程中存在的一系列問題,如醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設的資金投入不足,項目開發(fā)存在盲目開發(fā)或重復投資的情況；醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)開發(fā)缺乏有效的統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃和協(xié)作,條塊分割突出,各自為政,開發(fā)成本高；信息系統(tǒng)功能不規(guī)范,數(shù)據(jù)標準不統(tǒng)一,共享程度低,難以互聯(lián)互通等,系統(tǒng)探討了導致廣東省醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設現(xiàn)狀的主要成因有：一是政策制定主體對大數(shù)據(jù)建設的重視程度不夠；二是大數(shù)據(jù)建設過程中缺乏統(tǒng)一的標準；三是大數(shù)據(jù)建設相關的法制體系缺失；四是大數(shù)據(jù)建設資金來源渠道較為單一；五是精通計算機和醫(yī)學知識的跨專業(yè)人才匱乏。針對廣東省醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設的現(xiàn)狀及其成因,在借鑒國外醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設經(jīng)驗的基礎上,從公共管理的角度,提出了5個方面的對策和建議：一是建立政府主導的大數(shù)據(jù)建設體系,鼓勵和扶持大數(shù)據(jù)的創(chuàng)新和創(chuàng)業(yè),在全社會弘揚數(shù)據(jù)文化；二是發(fā)揮廣東省大數(shù)據(jù)管理局統(tǒng)籌醫(yī)療大數(shù)據(jù)建設的作用；三是健全大數(shù)據(jù)的法制體制建設；四是拓寬大數(shù)據(jù)建設資金來源,并完善籌資與資金使用監(jiān)管機制；五是從高校和醫(yī)療機構(gòu)兩個方面入手,重視人才的培養(yǎng)和使用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of medical and health information, big data era has also entered the field of medical and health care, medical and health business process is also a cumulative process of medical big data, and will have a huge impact on the medical and health industry. The medical industry has long been faced with the dual challenges of massive data and unstructured data, which involves a wide range of aspects, including clinical decision-making, clinical trial analysis, disease prevention and control, health quality supervision, public policy making and so on. With the rapid development of mobile Internet, Internet of things and cloud computing technology, the development of medical big data can effectively improve the effectiveness and efficiency of medical care, and have a profound impact on the lives of ordinary people and the formulation of government policies. After years of development, medical and health informatization has achieved good results, and laid a good foundation for the development of medical big data. Medical and health information is a data system and management information system related to medical service and management. It emphasizes on the construction of information platform within the hospital and can only exchange and share data relatively well in a specific closed system. The regional health information system developed on this basis is also a platform for data exchange and sharing of information systems in specific regions, while medical big data is a cross-hospital based on unified data and information standards. Cross-regional information resource sharing platform is an open system. It can be seen from this that big data's construction has gone beyond the scope of medical and health informatization construction and is a top-down promotion process. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to discuss the important role of the government in the construction of medical big data and related policies. This paper reviews the development course of medical treatment big data construction in Guangdong Province, and analyzes a series of problems existing in the construction process of medical big data in Guangdong Province, such as the lack of investment in the construction of medical big data. There are blind development or repeated investment in the development of the project, lack of effective overall planning and cooperation in the development of medical treatment big data, outstanding fragmentation, self-administration, high development costs, non-standard information system functions, and inconsistent data standards, The main causes that lead to the construction of medical big data in Guangdong Province are as follows: first, the policy makers pay less attention to the construction of big data; The second is the lack of unified standards in the process of big data construction; the third is the lack of legal system related to the building of big data; the fourth is the lack of funds source channels for the construction of big data; the fifth is the lack of cross-professional talents who are proficient in computer and medical knowledge. In view of the current situation and causes of medical big data construction in Guangdong Province, and on the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of overseas medical big data construction, from the perspective of public management, Five countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: first, to establish a government-led construction system of big data, to encourage and support big data's innovation and entrepreneurship, and to carry forward the data culture in the whole society; The second is to give full play to the role of big data Administration Bureau of Guangdong Province in coordinating the construction of medical big data, the third is to perfect the legal system construction of big data, the fourth is to broaden the sources of funds for the construction of big data, and to improve the supervision mechanism of financing and the use of funds. Fifth, from the two aspects of universities and medical institutions, pay attention to the cultivation and use of talents.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R197.1

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