基于低能耗目標(biāo)的嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館建筑設(shè)計研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-20 22:40
【摘要】：中國嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)漫長而寒冷的冬季氣候，使得建筑能耗比其他地區(qū)高出很多，根據(jù)相關(guān)調(diào)查可知該地區(qū)建筑能耗占據(jù)全部能耗的一半以上。體育館建筑能耗更是由于其巨大的建筑體量與嚴(yán)格的室內(nèi)環(huán)境要求，而成為建筑能耗大戶。在可持續(xù)綠色建筑設(shè)計愈發(fā)受到關(guān)注的當(dāng)今世界，為減少體育館建筑對自然環(huán)境與能源造成的負(fù)面影響，基于低能耗的體育館建筑設(shè)計是一種切實可行的設(shè)計方法，在體育館設(shè)計時，應(yīng)使各建筑設(shè)計要素最大限度地與當(dāng)?shù)貧夂驐l件相適應(yīng)。在優(yōu)化體育館建筑室內(nèi)環(huán)境品質(zhì)的同時，關(guān)注自然環(huán)境與可持續(xù)發(fā)展設(shè)計，以返璞歸真的設(shè)計思路推動體育館建筑設(shè)計的發(fā)展，并達(dá)到建筑節(jié)能的目的。 本文通過理論分析、計算機(jī)模擬和建筑實測等方法，對基于低能耗的嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館建筑設(shè)計進(jìn)行研究，試圖建立并完善體育館建筑低能耗設(shè)計研究的理論框架，進(jìn)一步深化我國在體育建筑設(shè)計領(lǐng)域和綠色節(jié)能方面的理論研究，為嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館建筑設(shè)計提供理論依據(jù)。通過本文對嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館建筑設(shè)計的研究，可以對我國嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館建筑的設(shè)計、建設(shè)及管理、使用進(jìn)行具體的指導(dǎo)，提高體育館建筑的使用效率，減少能源消耗，增強(qiáng)綜合效應(yīng)。更好地滿足使用者的要求，延長使用壽命。有助于拓寬我國體育館建筑創(chuàng)作的思路，并使原有嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)建筑設(shè)計思想、原則、方法得到發(fā)展。 首先，針對本論文需要進(jìn)行論述的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概念及理論解析。第一，嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館低能耗設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成，主要為熱環(huán)境下的適溫設(shè)計、光環(huán)境下的適光設(shè)計、風(fēng)環(huán)境下的適風(fēng)設(shè)計與多環(huán)境下的耦合設(shè)計。第二，分析了體育館特征對建筑低能耗設(shè)計的影響，主要有三個方面：比賽空間的尺度巨大，室內(nèi)環(huán)境的需求嚴(yán)格以及使用模式的功能多樣。第三研究了體育館低能耗的建筑設(shè)計變量。依據(jù)氣候條件、周邊環(huán)境及體育館自身功能、室內(nèi)環(huán)境需求對體育館建筑設(shè)計變量產(chǎn)生影響的范圍與效果，將體育館低能耗的建筑設(shè)計變量劃分為三個層面，即：宏觀層面，中觀層面，微觀層面。最后研究了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館建筑低能耗設(shè)計特性的四個方面：經(jīng)濟(jì)節(jié)能的合理性是其最直接且最首要的特性；健康適宜的科學(xué)性是其直接且次要的特性；功能組織的高效性與地域創(chuàng)作的真實性是間接特性。 第二，研究了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館熱環(huán)境下的低能耗適溫設(shè)計。通過對熱環(huán)境適溫設(shè)計研究基礎(chǔ)的分析，即體育館室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境要求、體育館熱環(huán)境的冷熱負(fù)荷影響因素及體育館熱環(huán)境的建筑設(shè)計變量研究，挑選出了體育館建筑低能耗適溫設(shè)計的主要建筑設(shè)計變量。利用線性回歸方法得出以體育館最小建筑尺寸為因變量，觀眾人數(shù)為自變量的計算公式，用以在建筑設(shè)計初期便于建筑師快速進(jìn)行體育館建筑尺寸確定。通過計算機(jī)模擬及理論分析等方法，來進(jìn)行各個建筑設(shè)計變量的可行域求解，并進(jìn)一步建立包含5個影響因素，哈爾濱、漠河及西寧全部體育館建筑級別的熱能耗簡化計算。最后根據(jù)以上的模擬計算及相關(guān)理論分析，得出嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館低能耗適溫設(shè)計設(shè)計。 第三，研究了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館光環(huán)境下的低能耗適光設(shè)計。通過對光環(huán)境適光設(shè)計研究基礎(chǔ)的分析，即體育館室內(nèi)光環(huán)境要求、體育館光環(huán)境的照度與照度均勻度計算及體育館光環(huán)境的建筑設(shè)計變量研究，挑選出了體育館建筑低能耗適光設(shè)計的主要建筑設(shè)計變量。通過計算機(jī)模擬及理論分析等方法，進(jìn)行各個建筑設(shè)計變量的可行域求解，并進(jìn)一步建立包含4個影響因素，哈爾濱、漠河及西寧全部體育館建筑級別的采光窗面積快速計算公式。最后根據(jù)以上的模擬計算及相關(guān)理論分析，得出嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館低能耗適光設(shè)計設(shè)計。 第四，研究了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館風(fēng)環(huán)境下的低能耗適風(fēng)設(shè)計。通過對風(fēng)環(huán)境適風(fēng)設(shè)計研究基礎(chǔ)的分析，即體育館室內(nèi)風(fēng)環(huán)境要求、體育館風(fēng)環(huán)境的自然通風(fēng)計算和體育館風(fēng)環(huán)境的建筑設(shè)計變量研究，挑選出了體育館建筑低能耗適風(fēng)設(shè)計的主要建筑設(shè)計變量為：通風(fēng)窗面積及通風(fēng)窗位置。再利用模擬計算與理論分析得出了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館低能耗適風(fēng)設(shè)計下，各個建筑設(shè)計變量的可行域及低能耗適風(fēng)設(shè)計設(shè)計。 第五，研究了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館多環(huán)境下的低能耗耦合設(shè)計。通過對多環(huán)境耦合設(shè)計研究基礎(chǔ)的分析，嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館耦合建筑設(shè)計變量的分析，篩選出了耦合建筑設(shè)計變量。通過計算機(jī)模擬及理論分析等方法，計算出嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)三座城市哈爾濱、西寧與漠河，體育館全年窗系統(tǒng)下的人工照明能耗、熱能耗及二者總能耗。最后利用模擬計算對各個耦合建筑設(shè)計變量的研究結(jié)果，得出了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)體育館低能耗耦合設(shè)計下，各個建筑設(shè)計變量的可行域及低能耗耦合設(shè)計設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:The long and cold winter climate in the cold region of China makes the energy consumption of the building much higher than that of other regions. According to the relevant survey, the energy consumption of the building in the region is more than half of the total energy consumption. The energy consumption of the building of the gymnasium is due to its huge building mass and strict indoor environment requirements, and becomes the large energy consumption of the building. In today's world, which has become more and more concerned with the sustainable green building design, in order to reduce the negative effect of the building on the natural environment and the energy, the design of the gymnasium based on the low energy consumption is a practical design method, and in the design of the gym, Each building design element shall be adapted to the local climatic conditions to the maximum extent. At the same time of optimizing the indoor environment quality of the gymnasium, the design of the natural environment and the sustainable development is concerned, and the development of the building design of the gymnasium is promoted by the design thinking of returning to the real environment, and the purpose of building energy-saving is achieved. In this paper, by means of theoretical analysis, computer simulation and building measurement, this paper studies the design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area based on the low energy consumption, and tries to establish and perfect the theoretical frame of the low energy consumption design of the gymnasium. The paper further deepens the theoretical research of our country in the field of sports architecture design and the green energy-saving, and provides the theoretical basis for the design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. According to the research on the design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area, the design, construction and management of the gymnasium in the severe cold area of China can be guided, the use efficiency of the building of the gym is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the comprehensive effect is enhanced. It shall be better to meet the requirements of the user and extend the service life. It is helpful to broaden the thinking of the construction and creation of the Gymnasium of China, and to make the thought, principle and method of architectural design in the original cold area. First, the content of this paper needs to be discussed in terms of concepts and principles. The paper analyses the design of low energy consumption in the first and the severe cold regions, which is mainly composed of the temperature and temperature in the hot environment, the light-fitting design under the light environment, the proper wind design under the wind environment, and the coupling in the multi-environment. The second part analyzes the influence of the characteristics of the gym on the design of the low energy consumption of the building. There are three main aspects: the large scale of the competition space, the strict demand of the indoor environment and the work of the mode of use. The third study of the construction of low energy consumption in the gym The design variables of the low energy consumption of the gymnasium are divided into three levels, namely, the macro-level, the medium-level and the micro-level, according to the climatic conditions, the surrounding environment and the function of the stadium itself, the indoor environment requirement and the influence on the building design variable of the gymnasium. At last, four aspects of the low energy consumption design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area are studied. The rationality of economic energy saving is the most direct and most important characteristic of the building. The scientific and proper scientific nature is its direct and secondary characteristics, and the high efficiency of the functional organization and the authenticity of the regional creation are between the two aspects. Second, study the low energy in the thermal environment of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. Based on the analysis of the temperature and temperature of the gymnasium, the influence factors of the hot and cold loads on the thermal environment of the gymnasium and the study of the design variables of the thermal environment of the gymnasium, the main construction of the low energy-consumption and temperature-appropriate design of the gymnasium is selected. The design variable is built. Using the linear regression method, the formula for calculating the minimum building size of the gymnasium as the dependent variable and the number of the audience as the independent variable is obtained, which is used to facilitate the rapid construction of the gymnasium in the early stage of the building design. The construction size is determined. Through computer simulation and theoretical analysis, the feasible domain solution of each building design variable is carried out, and the thermal energy of the building level of all the Gymnasium of Harbin, Mohe and Xining is further established. The calculation of consumption is simplified. Finally, based on the above simulation and the relevant theoretical analysis, the low energy consumption of the gymnasium in the severe cold area is obtained. The third part is to study the light environment of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. Based on the analysis of the light environment and the light environment, the illuminance and the illuminance uniformity of the light environment of the gymnasium and the study of the design variables of the light environment of the gymnasium, the author selected the main design of low energy consumption of the gymnasium. In order to design variables, the feasible domain solution of each building design variable is carried out by computer simulation and theoretical analysis, and four influencing factors are further established, and the lighting window surface at the building level of all the Gymnasium of Harbin, Mohe and Xining is further established. Finally, based on the above simulation and the relevant theoretical analysis, the low energy of the gymnasium in the severe cold area is obtained. In the fourth part, the wind environment of the gymnasium in the severe cold area is studied. Based on the analysis of the wind environment and the wind environment, the natural ventilation calculation of the wind environment of the gym and the study of the design variables of the wind environment of the gymnasium, the design of the low energy consumption of the gymnasium is selected. The main building design variables are: ventilation The area of the window and the position of the ventilation window are obtained. The feasible domain of each design variable is obtained by using the simulation calculation and the theoretical analysis in the design of low energy consumption and proper wind of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. The design and design of low energy consumption and proper wind. The low-energy-energy coupling design in the environment. Based on the analysis of the multi-environment coupling design, the analysis of the coupling design variable of the gymnasium in the severe cold area, the screen The coupling building design variable is selected. The artificial lighting energy of three cities, Harbin, Xining and Mohe, and the whole year window system of the cold area is calculated by computer simulation and theoretical analysis. The energy consumption, the heat energy consumption and the total energy consumption of the two buildings are analyzed. At last, the results of the study on the design variables of the coupled buildings are simulated and simulated, and the feasibility of the variable of the design variables is obtained in the design of low energy consumption coupling of the gymnasium in the severe cold area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU245.2
[Abstract]:The long and cold winter climate in the cold region of China makes the energy consumption of the building much higher than that of other regions. According to the relevant survey, the energy consumption of the building in the region is more than half of the total energy consumption. The energy consumption of the building of the gymnasium is due to its huge building mass and strict indoor environment requirements, and becomes the large energy consumption of the building. In today's world, which has become more and more concerned with the sustainable green building design, in order to reduce the negative effect of the building on the natural environment and the energy, the design of the gymnasium based on the low energy consumption is a practical design method, and in the design of the gym, Each building design element shall be adapted to the local climatic conditions to the maximum extent. At the same time of optimizing the indoor environment quality of the gymnasium, the design of the natural environment and the sustainable development is concerned, and the development of the building design of the gymnasium is promoted by the design thinking of returning to the real environment, and the purpose of building energy-saving is achieved. In this paper, by means of theoretical analysis, computer simulation and building measurement, this paper studies the design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area based on the low energy consumption, and tries to establish and perfect the theoretical frame of the low energy consumption design of the gymnasium. The paper further deepens the theoretical research of our country in the field of sports architecture design and the green energy-saving, and provides the theoretical basis for the design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. According to the research on the design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area, the design, construction and management of the gymnasium in the severe cold area of China can be guided, the use efficiency of the building of the gym is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the comprehensive effect is enhanced. It shall be better to meet the requirements of the user and extend the service life. It is helpful to broaden the thinking of the construction and creation of the Gymnasium of China, and to make the thought, principle and method of architectural design in the original cold area. First, the content of this paper needs to be discussed in terms of concepts and principles. The paper analyses the design of low energy consumption in the first and the severe cold regions, which is mainly composed of the temperature and temperature in the hot environment, the light-fitting design under the light environment, the proper wind design under the wind environment, and the coupling in the multi-environment. The second part analyzes the influence of the characteristics of the gym on the design of the low energy consumption of the building. There are three main aspects: the large scale of the competition space, the strict demand of the indoor environment and the work of the mode of use. The third study of the construction of low energy consumption in the gym The design variables of the low energy consumption of the gymnasium are divided into three levels, namely, the macro-level, the medium-level and the micro-level, according to the climatic conditions, the surrounding environment and the function of the stadium itself, the indoor environment requirement and the influence on the building design variable of the gymnasium. At last, four aspects of the low energy consumption design of the gymnasium in the severe cold area are studied. The rationality of economic energy saving is the most direct and most important characteristic of the building. The scientific and proper scientific nature is its direct and secondary characteristics, and the high efficiency of the functional organization and the authenticity of the regional creation are between the two aspects. Second, study the low energy in the thermal environment of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. Based on the analysis of the temperature and temperature of the gymnasium, the influence factors of the hot and cold loads on the thermal environment of the gymnasium and the study of the design variables of the thermal environment of the gymnasium, the main construction of the low energy-consumption and temperature-appropriate design of the gymnasium is selected. The design variable is built. Using the linear regression method, the formula for calculating the minimum building size of the gymnasium as the dependent variable and the number of the audience as the independent variable is obtained, which is used to facilitate the rapid construction of the gymnasium in the early stage of the building design. The construction size is determined. Through computer simulation and theoretical analysis, the feasible domain solution of each building design variable is carried out, and the thermal energy of the building level of all the Gymnasium of Harbin, Mohe and Xining is further established. The calculation of consumption is simplified. Finally, based on the above simulation and the relevant theoretical analysis, the low energy consumption of the gymnasium in the severe cold area is obtained. The third part is to study the light environment of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. Based on the analysis of the light environment and the light environment, the illuminance and the illuminance uniformity of the light environment of the gymnasium and the study of the design variables of the light environment of the gymnasium, the author selected the main design of low energy consumption of the gymnasium. In order to design variables, the feasible domain solution of each building design variable is carried out by computer simulation and theoretical analysis, and four influencing factors are further established, and the lighting window surface at the building level of all the Gymnasium of Harbin, Mohe and Xining is further established. Finally, based on the above simulation and the relevant theoretical analysis, the low energy of the gymnasium in the severe cold area is obtained. In the fourth part, the wind environment of the gymnasium in the severe cold area is studied. Based on the analysis of the wind environment and the wind environment, the natural ventilation calculation of the wind environment of the gym and the study of the design variables of the wind environment of the gymnasium, the design of the low energy consumption of the gymnasium is selected. The main building design variables are: ventilation The area of the window and the position of the ventilation window are obtained. The feasible domain of each design variable is obtained by using the simulation calculation and the theoretical analysis in the design of low energy consumption and proper wind of the gymnasium in the severe cold area. The design and design of low energy consumption and proper wind. The low-energy-energy coupling design in the environment. Based on the analysis of the multi-environment coupling design, the analysis of the coupling design variable of the gymnasium in the severe cold area, the screen The coupling building design variable is selected. The artificial lighting energy of three cities, Harbin, Xining and Mohe, and the whole year window system of the cold area is calculated by computer simulation and theoretical analysis. The energy consumption, the heat energy consumption and the total energy consumption of the two buildings are analyzed. At last, the results of the study on the design variables of the coupled buildings are simulated and simulated, and the feasibility of the variable of the design variables is obtained in the design of low energy consumption coupling of the gymnasium in the severe cold area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU245.2
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