【摘要】：在海水、濱海地區(qū)和西部鹽漬土以及工業(yè)廠區(qū)附近的土壤和地下水環(huán)境中，往往同時存在著硫酸鹽和氯鹽等多種鹽類腐蝕性介質。硫酸鹽腐蝕是影響混凝土耐久性的重要因素之一，也是對混凝土危害最大、腐蝕機理最復雜的一種環(huán)境水腐蝕。本文分析了實際混凝土結構與外界環(huán)境之間的關系，針對不同的浸泡狀態(tài)，考慮水灰比、氯鹽濃度、硫酸鹽濃度等因素的情況下進行實驗室加速腐蝕試驗。分別將試件置于純硫酸鹽腐蝕溶液或者不同質量濃度氯鹽硫酸鹽復合腐蝕溶液中，設定腐蝕齡期，制定研究路線，以基準混凝土作為腐蝕參照組，通過分析受腐蝕混凝土的腐蝕表觀現(xiàn)象、X射線熒光分析、力學性能的退化及腐蝕層厚度變化，研究水灰比及氯鹽對混凝土抗硫酸鹽腐蝕性能的影響規(guī)律。 通過采用不同的浸泡方式，對全浸泡區(qū)和半浸泡區(qū)不同水灰比的混凝土試件進行研究，得到不同水灰比混凝土在不同腐蝕區(qū)域的抗硫酸鹽腐蝕機理；并在基準混凝土的基礎上建立修正后的硫酸鹽腐蝕速率模型。兩種浸泡機制下，較小的水灰比能夠起到較好的抗硫酸鹽腐蝕的效果；由于半浸泡區(qū)存在較嚴重的物理腐蝕劣化，導致半浸泡區(qū)的混凝土抗腐蝕效果比全浸泡區(qū)差。 采用不同浸泡方式，設定同硫酸鹽濃度不同低濃度氯鹽的氯鹽、硫酸鹽復合溶液，研究低濃度氯鹽對混凝土硫酸鹽腐蝕的抑制作用效果，并建立基于基準模型的復合腐蝕模型。低濃度氯鹽的氯鹽硫酸鹽混合溶液中，氯鹽對混凝土硫酸鹽的腐蝕效果隨著氯鹽濃度的增強，并且5%質量濃度氯鹽對10%質量濃度硫酸鹽抑制效果最好。 通過設定基于海洋氯鹽濃度的氯鹽硫酸鹽復合溶液，，研究海洋環(huán)境下氯鹽對混凝土硫酸鹽腐蝕的作用效果，建立對基準腐蝕速率模型引入修正系數(shù)后的腐蝕速率模型。海洋氯鹽濃度條件下，氯鹽濃度相對較高，因而抑制效果較好，但當硫酸鹽濃度超過一定值，則抑制效果明顯減弱。
[Abstract]:In the environment of seawater, saline soil in coastal area and western region, and in the environment of soil and groundwater near industrial factory area, many kinds of salt corrosive media, such as sulfate and chloride, often exist simultaneously. Sulfate corrosion is one of the most important factors affecting the durability of concrete. It is also a kind of environmental water corrosion which is the most harmful to concrete and the most complex corrosion mechanism. In this paper, the relationship between concrete structure and external environment is analyzed. The accelerated corrosion test in laboratory is carried out under different immersion conditions, such as water-cement ratio, chloride concentration, sulfate concentration and so on. The specimens were placed in pure sulphate corrosion solution or chloride sulfate complex corrosion solution with different mass concentration, the corrosion age was set, the research route was worked out, and the reference concrete was used as the corrosion reference group. By analyzing the corrosion phenomena of corroded concrete, X-ray fluorescence analysis, the degradation of mechanical properties and the change of corrosion layer thickness, the effect of water cement ratio and chloride salt on the corrosion resistance of concrete to sulphate was studied. By using different soaking methods, the different water-cement ratio concrete specimens in the whole immersion zone and semi-immersion zone were studied, and the mechanism of sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete with different water-cement ratio in different corrosion regions was obtained. The modified sulphate corrosion rate model is established on the basis of benchmark concrete. Under two kinds of soaking mechanism, the lower water-cement ratio can play a better effect of resisting sulfate corrosion, and the concrete in semi-immersion area is worse than the whole immersion area because of the serious physical corrosion deterioration in the semi-immersion zone, and the corrosion resistance of the concrete in the semi-soaking area is worse than that in the whole soaking area because of the serious deterioration of physical corrosion in the semi-immersion zone. Different soaking methods were used to set up the chloride and sulfate compound solution with the same sulfate concentration and low concentration chlorine salt. The inhibition effect of low concentration chlorine salt on sulphate corrosion of concrete was studied, and the composite corrosion model based on benchmark model was established. In the mixed solution of chloride sulfate with low concentration of chlorine salt, the corrosion effect of chloride salt to concrete sulfate increases with the concentration of chloride salt, and the best inhibition effect of 5% concentration of chlorine salt on 10% mass concentration of sulfate is obtained. By setting the chloride sulfate complex solution based on the concentration of marine chlorine salt, the effect of chloride salt on sulfate corrosion of concrete in marine environment was studied, and the corrosion rate model after introducing correction coefficient to the benchmark corrosion rate model was established. Under the condition of marine chloride concentration, the concentration of chlorine salt is relatively high, so the inhibition effect is better, but when the sulfate concentration exceeds a certain value, the inhibition effect is obviously weakened.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU528

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