【摘要】：裂隙巖體滲流研究對(duì)于許多應(yīng)用學(xué)科的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展具有重要意義,同時(shí)也是解決一些重大實(shí)際工程問(wèn)題的迫切需求,例如水利水電工程、土木工程、石油工程、核電工程以及礦產(chǎn)資源開(kāi)采等相關(guān)工程領(lǐng)域。巖體的水力學(xué)性質(zhì)主要由巖體內(nèi)分布的結(jié)構(gòu)面控制,結(jié)構(gòu)面是指地質(zhì)歷史發(fā)展過(guò)程中,在巖體內(nèi)形成的具有一定延伸方向和長(zhǎng)度、厚度相對(duì)較小的地質(zhì)界面或帶。由于巖體內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)面的形狀、產(chǎn)狀和大小不同,空間組合形式也不同,使巖體滲透性表現(xiàn)出各向異性和非均質(zhì)性。這也決定了巖體水力學(xué)參數(shù)的取值和滲流分析是一個(gè)極其復(fù)雜、而又極具實(shí)際意義的研究課題。如何合理的表示這種非均質(zhì)性是研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。針對(duì)這種非均質(zhì)性,可以將巖體滲流模型概括為四類：等效連續(xù)介質(zhì)模型、雙重介質(zhì)滲流模型、離散裂隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型、混合模型。等效連續(xù)介質(zhì)模型相對(duì)已經(jīng)比較成熟,但是裂隙巖體代表單元體的大小和等效水力參數(shù)較難確定,同時(shí)其不能很好地刻畫裂隙的特殊導(dǎo)水作用。后兩種方法更能刻畫裂隙巖體滲流的基本規(guī)律和體現(xiàn)巖體的非均質(zhì)性,具有廣泛的發(fā)展空間�；旌夏Ｐ碗m然能更為全面反映裂隙巖體滲流特征,但難以確定結(jié)構(gòu)體和裂隙面之間的水量交換關(guān)系,使其使用價(jià)值具有很大的局限性。因此,本文主要致力于發(fā)展既能最大程度符合客觀規(guī)律又兼具實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值的離散裂隙滲流模型。 對(duì)于巖體滲流來(lái)說(shuō),離散型裂隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)比等效連續(xù)型裂隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)更能準(zhǔn)確而客觀地刻畫實(shí)際巖體中的滲流規(guī)律。本文依據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)量所獲得的裂隙產(chǎn)狀統(tǒng)計(jì)規(guī)律,利用Monte Carlo法模擬生成相應(yīng)的裂隙網(wǎng)絡(luò),采用圖論數(shù)學(xué)模型中深度優(yōu)先搜索(DFS)方法完成裂隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)最大連通分量的確定。本文依據(jù)裂隙間的相交關(guān)系,將巖體滲流網(wǎng)絡(luò)概化為以裂隙圓盤圓心為結(jié)點(diǎn),相交圓盤圓心間連線為單元的三維裂隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)線單元模型。此方法將三維裂隙滲流網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡(jiǎn)化為空間一維滲流網(wǎng)絡(luò),大大減少了滲流模型的結(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)與單元數(shù),極大地減少了滲流計(jì)算量。與管道滲流模型對(duì)比分析,對(duì)相關(guān)算例進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算,得到模型的等效滲透張量和流量。
[Abstract]:The study of seepage in fractured rock mass is of great significance to the further development of many applied disciplines, and is also an urgent need to solve some important practical engineering problems, such as water conservancy and hydropower engineering, civil engineering, petroleum engineering, etc. Nuclear power projects and mining mineral resources and other related engineering areas. The hydraulic properties of rock mass are mainly controlled by the distribution of the structural plane in the rock body. The structural plane refers to the geological interface or zone formed in the course of geological history which has a certain extension direction and length and relatively small thickness in the rock mass. Due to the different shape, occurrence and size of the structural plane in the rock body and the different spatial combination forms, the permeability of the rock mass shows anisotropy and heterogeneity. This also determines that the determination of hydraulic parameters and seepage analysis of rock mass is an extremely complex and practical research topic. How to reasonably express this heterogeneity is the focus and difficulty of the research. In view of this heterogeneity, the seepage model of rock mass can be divided into four categories: equivalent continuum model, double medium seepage model, discrete fissure network model and mixed model. The equivalent continuum model is relatively mature, but it is difficult to determine the size and equivalent hydraulic parameters of fractured rock mass, and it can not well describe the special hydraulic conductivity of fracture. The latter two methods can describe the basic law of seepage in fractured rock mass and reflect the heterogeneity of rock mass, so they have extensive development space. Although the mixed model can reflect the seepage characteristics of fractured rock mass more comprehensively, it is difficult to determine the water exchange relationship between the structural body and the fracture surface, which makes its use value very limited. Therefore, this paper is mainly devoted to the development of discrete fracture seepage model, which can accord with the objective law to the greatest extent and has practical application value. For the seepage of rock mass, the discrete fracture network is more accurate and objective than the equivalent continuous fracture network to describe the seepage law in the actual rock mass. In this paper, according to the statistical law of fracture occurrence obtained by field measurement, the corresponding fracture network is simulated by Monte Carlo method, and the maximum connected component of fracture network is determined by depth first searching (DFS) method in graph mathematical model. In this paper, according to the intersecting relationship between fractures, the seepage network of rock mass is generalized as a three-dimensional fracture network line element model with the center of the fissure disk as the node and the line between the intersected disc centers as the element. In this method, the three-dimensional fracture seepage network is simplified into a spatial one-dimensional seepage network, which greatly reduces the number of nodes and elements of the seepage model, and greatly reduces the amount of seepage calculation. By comparing and analyzing the seepage model of pipeline, the equivalent permeability Zhang Liang and flow rate of the model are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU452

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