【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，液壓挖掘機(jī)在國(guó)家的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中應(yīng)用越來越廣泛，如參與土方施工、房屋拆除和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害救援等。液壓挖掘機(jī)的缺點(diǎn)是自身能耗大、排放差，且其在當(dāng)前社會(huì)能源緊缺、環(huán)境惡化的情況下顯得尤為突兀，因此對(duì)液壓挖掘機(jī)進(jìn)行節(jié)能減排研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 為了達(dá)到節(jié)能減排的目的，各大工程機(jī)械公司都借鑒了在汽車領(lǐng)域成功應(yīng)用的混合動(dòng)力技術(shù)，設(shè)計(jì)出了混合動(dòng)力液壓挖掘機(jī)。基于混合動(dòng)力液壓挖掘機(jī)的動(dòng)臂勢(shì)能回收技術(shù)是挖掘機(jī)節(jié)能研究中的一個(gè)重要方向，本論文以日立ZX70挖掘機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了研究，，其主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： 1、根據(jù)液壓挖掘機(jī)的工況特點(diǎn)，提出了一種基于并聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力動(dòng)臂勢(shì)能回收方案，并擬定了勢(shì)能回收系統(tǒng)方案的原理圖，詳述了該方案的工作原理及控制方法。 2、在D-H坐標(biāo)系中給混合動(dòng)力液壓挖掘機(jī)的動(dòng)臂、斗桿以及鏟斗分別建立了相應(yīng)的局部坐標(biāo)系，通過幾何、物理關(guān)系寫出了每個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型，并基于ADAMS建立挖掘機(jī)工作裝置動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真模型。 3、建立了混合動(dòng)力挖掘機(jī)的動(dòng)臂液壓缸、比例節(jié)流閥、變量柱塞馬達(dá)以及其排量控制機(jī)構(gòu)等的數(shù)學(xué)模型，在Matlab的Simulink模塊中建立起整個(gè)勢(shì)能回收系統(tǒng)的仿真模型。 4、通過對(duì)勢(shì)能回收系統(tǒng)仿真研究，分析了比例伺服閥開口面積、比例節(jié)流閥開口面積等參數(shù)對(duì)動(dòng)臂活塞桿下降速度、動(dòng)臂液壓缸無桿腔壓力和能量回收馬達(dá)角速度的影響。還分析了加入PID控制器后對(duì)勢(shì)能回收系統(tǒng)的影響。并得出本文中挖掘機(jī)動(dòng)臂勢(shì)能回收系統(tǒng)的能量回收率為41%。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, hydraulic excavators are more and more widely used in national infrastructure construction, such as participation in earthwork construction, house demolition and geological disaster rescue. The drawback of hydraulic excavator is that its energy consumption is large, its emission is poor, and it is especially abrupt in the current social energy shortage and environmental deterioration, so it is of great practical significance to study the energy saving and emission reduction of hydraulic excavator. In order to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction, all the major construction machinery companies have used the hybrid power technology which has been successfully applied in the automobile field, and designed the hybrid electric hydraulic excavator. The potential energy recovery technology of moving arm based on hybrid hydraulic excavator is an important direction in the research of excavator energy conservation. This paper is based on Hitachi ZX70 excavator. The main research contents are as follows: 1. According to the characteristics of hydraulic excavator, a potential energy recovery scheme based on parallel hybrid moving-arm is proposed. The schematic diagram of potential energy recovery system is drawn up, and the working principle and control method of the scheme are described in detail. 2. In D-H coordinate system, the corresponding local coordinate system is established for the moving arm, bucket rod and bucket of the hybrid hydraulic excavator. The kinematics model of each mechanism is written out by geometric and physical relations. The dynamic simulation model of excavator working device is established based on ADAMS. 3. The mathematical models of the hydraulic cylinder, proportional throttle valve, variable plunger motor and displacement control mechanism of the hybrid excavator are established. The simulation model of the whole potential energy recovery system is established in the Simulink module of Matlab. 4. Through the simulation of the potential energy recovery system, the effects of the opening area of the proportional servo valve and the opening area of the proportional throttle valve on the falling speed of the piston rod of the moving arm, the rodless cavity pressure of the hydraulic cylinder of the arm and the angular velocity of the energy recovery motor are analyzed. The influence of PID controller on the potential energy recovery system is also analyzed. The energy recovery rate of the excavator arm potential energy recovery system is 41%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU621

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本文編號(hào)：2307164