本文選題：相變儲能技術 + 通信基站　； 參考：《湖南大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：電子行業(yè)和通信技術的快速發(fā)展使得通信基站的數(shù)量日益劇增,通信基站全天候不間斷的通信要求,使通信網(wǎng)絡的能耗迅速增長,其中空調部分能耗占基站總能耗的46%,降低基站內(nèi)制冷系統(tǒng)的能耗成為研究熱點�；究照{系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能主要集中于引入可再生能源,太陽能、風能、地熱能等可再生能源的利用成為重點研究對象,然而太陽輻射和室外環(huán)境溫度周期性變化,且基站內(nèi)夜間的冷負荷遠遠小于白天的冷負荷,可再生能源的利用存在嚴重的供需不平衡。相變儲能技術可通過相變材料的相變過程儲存或釋放能量,解決可再生能源在利用時的空間和時間不匹配的問題,延長可再生能源的利用時間,減少通信基站內(nèi)空調的運行時間,降低基站能耗。 本文主要研究相變材料蓄放熱機理及其基站冷卻的能效,研發(fā)通信基站用被動式儲能技術即相變墻體和主動式儲能技術即相變儲能空氣處理機組,分別模擬仿真兩種技術在我國五個氣候區(qū)域內(nèi)的全年運行工況；以投資回收期和節(jié)能率分別評價相變墻體和相變儲能空氣處理機組在不同氣候區(qū)域內(nèi)通信基站制冷系統(tǒng)節(jié)能中的適應性。針對被動式相變儲能技術在通信基站圍護結構中的應用,建立相變換熱過程的移動熱源法模型,進行相變材料一維蓄放熱過程的無量綱解析。相變傳熱過程的換熱量與傳熱溫差和材料的導熱系數(shù)的0.5次方呈正比,與相變傳熱時間的0.5次方呈反比,即q=f(|Ste|0.5,(κl/κs)0.5,Fo-0.5)。與實驗測試數(shù)據(jù)和已公開發(fā)表的模型求解結果對比,準確性較高。當|Ste|/(κl/κs)1時,增大材料的導熱系數(shù)比增大傳熱溫差更有利于加快固-液相界面的移動,提高相變換熱量；反之,增大傳熱溫差可有效提高相變換熱量。 建立相變材料的凝固放熱和融化吸熱過程的實驗研究,對比驗證上述模型。分析相變換熱過程的熱阻和液相材料自然對流現(xiàn)象對換熱熱流和相變時間的影響,引入傳熱增強系數(shù),量化液相材料流動對融化過程的增強效果,簡化了自然對流現(xiàn)象相變問題的求解。液相材料的自然對流分別增強豎直和水平方向傳熱系數(shù)12%和33%,同一傳熱方向上,相同邊界條件下融化過程的熱流大于凝固過程的熱流。液相材料的流動擴大了融化過程中相變溫度的范圍,延長了相變過程時間,對凝固過程中的相變溫度范圍沒有影響。 根據(jù)上述的模擬計算結果,系統(tǒng)研究被動式相變儲能技術在通信基站中的應用方式,將相變材料板應用于通信基站墻體,綜合考慮室外自然冷源利用率、PCM板利用率和空調性能系數(shù)等影響因素，，以投資回收期評價相變墻體的經(jīng)濟可行性，對相變材料板和相變材料溫度的選擇進行優(yōu)化。各地應用相變墻體的投資回收期由短到長為：昆明、鄭州、沈陽、長沙、廣州，隨相變溫度的升高而減小，當PCM板相變溫度大于室外環(huán)境空氣平均溫度加5oC時，投資回收期基本不變。 為提高相變墻體的換熱效果，設計開發(fā)相變儲能空氣處理機組實現(xiàn)主動式相變儲能技術在通信基站中的應用�；谙嘧儞Q熱過程的理論數(shù)值和實驗結果，對比通信基站傳統(tǒng)空調，分析相變儲能空氣處理機組各工況的能效比、運行時間和節(jié)能率，探討室外氣象參數(shù)對節(jié)能率的影響，指導主動式相變儲能技術在通信基站中的節(jié)能應用�？紤]機組的蓄放能過程，提出新能效比(EER′)評價機組的運行性能，克服了傳統(tǒng)能效比在該機組中應用的局限性。室外空氣溫度越低，相變儲能空氣處理機組EER′值越大，其在我國五個城市內(nèi)全年平均EER′為14.04W/W。相變儲能空氣處理機組在昆明地區(qū)通信基站內(nèi)的全年平均節(jié)能率達到67%，在我國五個城市的平均節(jié)能率為50%。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of electronic industry and communication technology makes the number of communication base stations increasing increasingly. The energy consumption of communication network is increasing rapidly. The energy consumption of air conditioning part of the base station is 46% of the total energy consumption of the base station, and the energy consumption of the refrigeration system in the base station has become a hot spot. The use of renewable energy, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and other renewable energy should be focused on. However, the solar radiation and outdoor environment temperature change periodically, and the cold load at night in the base station is far less than the cold load in the daytime. The utilization of renewable energy has serious imbalance of supply and demand. Phase change energy storage technology It can store or release energy through phase change phase change of phase change material, solve the problem of space and time mismatch of renewable energy, prolong the utilization time of renewable energy, reduce the running time of air conditioning in the communication base station, and reduce the energy consumption of base station.
This paper mainly studies the heat storage and release mechanism of phase change materials and the energy efficiency of the base station cooling, and develops the passive storage technology of the communication base station, that is, phase change wall and active energy storage technology, that is, phase change energy storage air processing unit, and simulated the operating conditions of two technologies in five climate regions of China respectively. The adaptability of phase change wall and phase change energy storage air treatment unit in the energy saving of communication base station in different climate regions is evaluated respectively. In view of the application of passive phase change energy storage technology in the enclosure structure of communication base station, a moving heat source model of phase change heat transfer process is established, and the one dimension heat storage and heat release process of phase change materials is carried out. Dimensional analysis. The heat transfer and heat transfer temperature difference of the heat transfer process is proportional to the 0.5 square of the thermal conductivity of the material, and is inversely proportional to the 0.5 square of the heat transfer time. That is, q=f (|Ste|0.5, (kappa l/ kappa s) 0.5, Fo-0.5). Compared with the experimental data and the published model solution results, the accuracy is higher. When |Ste|/ (kappa l/ kappa s) 1, increase the material The thermal conductivity of the material is better than the increase of the heat transfer temperature difference, which is beneficial to speed up the movement of the solid liquid interface and improve the heat transfer of the phase change. On the contrary, the increase of heat transfer temperature difference can effectively improve the heat transfer of the phase change.
The experimental research on the solidification and exothermic process of phase change materials is established. The effects of thermal resistance and natural convection on heat exchange and phase change time in the phase change heat transfer process are analyzed. The enhancement coefficient of heat transfer is introduced to quantify the enhancement effect of liquid material flow on the melting process, and the natural pair is simplified. The natural convection of the liquid phase material increases the vertical and horizontal heat transfer coefficients 12% and 33% respectively. In the same heat transfer direction, the heat flow in the melting process is larger than the heat flow in the solidification process. The flow of liquid phase materials expands the range of phase transition temperature during the melting process and prolongs the phase transition time. It has no effect on the temperature range of phase change during solidification.
According to the simulation results mentioned above, the application mode of passive phase change energy storage technology in communication base station is systematically studied. Phase change material board is applied to the wall of communication base station. The factors such as utilization ratio of outdoor natural cold source, utilization ratio of PCM board and performance coefficient of air conditioning are taken into consideration, and the economic feasibility of phase change wall is evaluated by investment recovery period. The selection of phase change material plate and phase change material temperature selection is optimized. The investment recovery period of phase change wall is from short to long: Kunming, Zhengzhou, Shenyang, Changsha and Guangzhou decrease with the increase of phase transition temperature. When the phase transition temperature of PCM plate is higher than that of outdoor environment, the investment recovery period is basically unchanged.
In order to improve the heat transfer effect of the phase change wall, a phase change energy storage air treatment unit is designed and developed to realize the application of active phase change energy storage technology in the communication base station. Based on the theoretical and experimental results of the phase change heat transfer process, the energy efficiency ratio, running time and the operation time of the phase change energy storage air treatment unit are analyzed. The effect of outdoor meteorological parameters on energy saving rate is discussed, and the energy saving application of active phase change energy storage technology in the communication base station is guided. Considering the storage energy process of the unit, the new energy efficiency ratio (EER ') is proposed to evaluate the operating performance of the unit, and the limitation of the application of the traditional energy efficiency ratio in the unit is overcome. The lower the outdoor air temperature is, the phase transition is lower. The greater the EER 'value of the energy storage unit, the average annual energy saving rate of the average annual EER' is 67% in the Kunming communication base station in the five cities of China, and the average energy saving rate in the five cities of our country is 50%.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU83

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 閆全英;王威;于丹;;相變儲能材料應用于建筑圍護結構中的研究[J];材料導報;2005年08期

2 吳Y

本文編號：1916998