【摘要】：我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的快速發(fā)展已使現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)突破了傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)的種養(yǎng)殖范疇,初步形成以種養(yǎng)殖業(yè)為中心,向產(chǎn)前、產(chǎn)后延伸,包括了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)資料供應(yīng)、種養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品分銷等環(huán)節(jié)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈體系。 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈種類很多,生豬供應(yīng)鏈作為農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈中的一種典型類型,在農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的發(fā)展中備受關(guān)注。我國(guó)是世界豬肉生產(chǎn)第一大國(guó),生豬養(yǎng)殖數(shù)量巨大,且豬肉消費(fèi)在居民肉類消費(fèi)中所占比重最大,截止2010年末,全國(guó)肉類總產(chǎn)量為7925萬(wàn)噸,其中,豬肉產(chǎn)量為5070萬(wàn)噸；牛肉產(chǎn)量為653萬(wàn)噸；羊肉產(chǎn)量為398萬(wàn)噸。生豬年末存欄46440萬(wàn)頭；生豬出欄66700萬(wàn)頭。因此,生豬養(yǎng)殖業(yè)占據(jù)著畜牧業(yè)的主導(dǎo)地位。 農(nóng)戶是生豬供應(yīng)鏈的構(gòu)成主體之一,主要從事生豬養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)。生豬養(yǎng)殖對(duì)資金的需求量較大,由于農(nóng)戶財(cái)力有限,為了保證生豬養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)的正常進(jìn)行,農(nóng)戶需要進(jìn)行外部融資。但農(nóng)戶自身財(cái)務(wù)狀況和信息不透明、缺乏有效的抵押物或者擔(dān)保、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大,同時(shí)正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)為其提供信貸服務(wù)的交易成本高,導(dǎo)致農(nóng)戶極易受到正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的信貸約束。多年來(lái),國(guó)家對(duì)正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)采取了很多的改革措施,并制定了相關(guān)政策增強(qiáng)正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)農(nóng)戶的信貸支持意愿,但一直沒(méi)能改變農(nóng)戶依然受到比較嚴(yán)重的信貸約束的狀況,正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)農(nóng)戶“惜貸”行為依然突出。 與正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)采取的對(duì)農(nóng)戶“惜貸”的行為相反,生豬供應(yīng)鏈上的龍頭企業(yè)卻通過(guò)與農(nóng)戶簽訂訂單契約,以賒銷投入品或者提供生產(chǎn)性資金或者預(yù)先支付未來(lái)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的部分收購(gòu)資金的方式為農(nóng)戶提供借貸。為什么農(nóng)村正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)向農(nóng)戶提供信貸的意愿不強(qiáng),生豬供應(yīng)鏈上的龍頭企業(yè)卻愿意與農(nóng)戶簽訂包含信貸服務(wù)的訂單契約,為其提供內(nèi)部融資?哪些因素影響農(nóng)戶參與供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資?供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資環(huán)境下影響農(nóng)戶信貸可獲性的因素又有哪些? 因此,本研究的總目標(biāo)是：本研究運(yùn)用互聯(lián)合約理論、交易成本理論、信貸配給理論、信息經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論,基于農(nóng)戶視角對(duì)龍頭企業(yè)與農(nóng)戶間的生豬供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資進(jìn)行研究,為供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資解決現(xiàn)有農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈中農(nóng)戶資金流偏緊提供理論和實(shí)證基礎(chǔ)。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和研究結(jié)論如下： 研究?jī)?nèi)容一：研究生豬供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資機(jī)制。運(yùn)用互聯(lián)合約、交易成本、信貸配給、信息不對(duì)稱等理論,對(duì)生豬供應(yīng)鏈上的龍頭企業(yè)提供內(nèi)部融資的意愿與可行性、農(nóng)戶參與供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資的可能性、生豬供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資運(yùn)作機(jī)理和作用機(jī)制以及龍頭企業(yè)和農(nóng)戶的成本與收益等進(jìn)行了定性研究。研究結(jié)果表明,龍頭企業(yè)和農(nóng)戶通過(guò)參與供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資獲得的收益大于其直接通過(guò)外部市場(chǎng)交易獲得的收益,增進(jìn)了龍頭企業(yè)和農(nóng)戶的福利。供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資模式使龍頭企業(yè)和農(nóng)戶建立起緊密的合作關(guān)系,促進(jìn)了供應(yīng)鏈的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。農(nóng)戶緩解了信貸約束,提高了產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,解決了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品銷路問(wèn)題；龍頭企業(yè)獲得了穩(wěn)定的、高質(zhì)量的原材料供給,降低了交易成本。 研究?jī)?nèi)容二：研究影響農(nóng)戶參與供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資的因素。利用生豬供應(yīng)鏈上的農(nóng)戶實(shí)地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),基于農(nóng)戶行為選擇模型實(shí)證分析了影響農(nóng)戶參與供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資的決定因素。研究結(jié)果表明,體現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶個(gè)體特征的解釋變量中,農(nóng)戶的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)偏好通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為負(fù)；體現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)特征的解釋變量中,農(nóng)戶養(yǎng)殖規(guī)模和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的預(yù)期價(jià)格波動(dòng)幅度這兩個(gè)變量均通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為正。農(nóng)戶獲得的銀行信用通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為負(fù)；訂單條款特征中體現(xiàn)供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資合作雙方利益分配公平性的訂單定價(jià)方式和定價(jià)結(jié)算條款以及體現(xiàn)供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資合作雙方利益保障程度的違約補(bǔ)償條款這三個(gè)解釋變量均通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為正。研究結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了本文的研究假說(shuō)1。 研究?jī)?nèi)容三：研究供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資環(huán)境下影響農(nóng)戶信貸可獲性的因素�；趆eckman模型,運(yùn)用生豬供應(yīng)鏈上的農(nóng)戶實(shí)地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),實(shí)證分析了供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資環(huán)境下影響農(nóng)戶信貸可獲性的因素。研究結(jié)果表明,體現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶個(gè)體特征的解釋變量中,農(nóng)戶是否是本地人和農(nóng)戶是否是村干部這兩個(gè)變量均通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為正；體現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)及財(cái)務(wù)特征的解釋變量中,農(nóng)戶養(yǎng)殖規(guī)模通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為正。農(nóng)戶的家庭總資產(chǎn)和農(nóng)戶獲得的銀行信用這兩個(gè)變量均通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為負(fù),且模型的回歸結(jié)果顯示,供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資與銀行信用之間的替代程度為61.04%,說(shuō)明供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資是一條拓寬農(nóng)戶信貸可獲性的重要渠道,可以顯著緩解農(nóng)戶受到的信貸約束,驗(yàn)證了本文的研究假說(shuō)2；體現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶與龍頭企業(yè)關(guān)系特征的解釋變量中,訂單履約比例和溝通次數(shù)這兩個(gè)變量均通過(guò)了顯著性檢驗(yàn),影響為正。研究結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了本文的研究假說(shuō)3。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the agricultural industrialization in China has made modern agriculture break through the breeding category of the traditional agriculture, and initially formed the breeding industry as the center, and extended to the prenatal and post-natal period, including the supply of the means of production of agricultural products, the production of breeding and the processing of the agricultural products, Agricultural product supply chain system, such as the distribution of agricultural products. There are many kinds of supply chain of agricultural products, and the supply chain of live pigs is a typical type in the supply chain of agricultural products, and is very popular in the development of agricultural industrialization. China is the first big country in the world of pork production, the number of live pigs is huge, and the consumption of pork is the largest in the consumption of the residents' meat. By the end of 2010, the total output of meat in the whole country is 792.5 million tons, of which, the output of the pork is 5070 million tons, and the output of the beef is 653. The output of the mutton is 398. Ten thousand tons of live pigs; 464.4 million pigs at the end of the year of live pigs; 6,700 of live pigs As a result, pig breeding is dominated by animal husbandry. The peasant household is one of the main parts of the pig supply chain, and is mainly engaged in the production In order to ensure the normal operation of the production of live pigs, the farmers need to enter However, the financial situation and information of the farmers are not transparent, the lack of effective collateral or the guarantee, the production and operation risk is large, and the transaction cost of the formal financial institution to provide the credit service is high, which leads to the extremely easy access of the farmers to the formal financial institutions Over the years, the country has taken a lot of reform measures for the formal financial institutions, and has developed relevant policies to enhance the willingness of the formal financial institutions to support the credit support of the farmers, but has not been able to change the farmers' continued access to the more serious credit The state of the constraint, the regular financial institution to the farmer's "credit loan" line In contrast to the behavior of the formal financial institutions, the leading enterprises in the supply chain of live pigs have passed through with A party to enter into an order contract to purchase funds on credit or to provide productive funds or to pre-pay some of the future agricultural products. Why rural formal financial institutions offer credit to farmers is not strong, leading enterprises in the supply chain of live pigs are willing to sign an order contract with a credit service with the farmers, Provide internal financing for it? What factors affect farmer's reference The availability of credit for farmers affected by the internal financing of the supply chain and the internal financing environment of the supply chain What are the factors of sex? Therefore, the overall objective of this study is: this study uses the theory of interconnected contract, transaction cost theory, credit rationing theory, information economics theory, and the live pig between the leading enterprise and the farmer on the basis of the farmer's perspective. Research on the internal financing of the supply chain to solve the farmer's capital flow in the existing supply chain of the agricultural products for the internal financing of the supply chain It provides a theoretical and empirical basis for tight-tightening. The main results are as follows: The contents and conclusions of the study are as follows: Study content 1 The internal financing mechanism of the pig supply chain is studied. The willingness and feasibility of the internal financing of the leading enterprises in the pig supply chain, such as the interconnection contract, the transaction cost, the credit rationing and the information asymmetry, are applied to the leading enterprises in the supply chain of the live pigs. The possibility of the house's participation in the supply chain, the mechanism and mechanism of the internal financing operation of the pig supply chain, and the leading enterprises and the farmers The results show that the income of the leading enterprises and the farmers through the participation in the internal financing of the supply chain is greater than that obtained through the external market transaction. Promote the well-being of the leading enterprises and the farmers. The internal financing model of the supply chain makes the leading enterprises and the farmers establish close cooperation The relationship has promoted the stable operation of the supply chain. The farmer has relieved the credit constraint, improved the product quality and solved the market problem of the agricultural products; the leading enterprise has obtained the stable, high-quality The supply of raw materials and the reduction of transaction cost. The paper studies the factors that affect the farmer's participation in the internal financing of the supply chain. Using the data of the farmer's field survey on the supply chain of the live pigs, the paper analyses the shadow on the basis of the model of the farmer's behavior. The research results show that the risk preference of the peasant household has passed the significance test and the influence is negative in the explanation variable of the individual characteristics of the peasant household. The scale of farmers' cultivation and the expected price fluctuation range of agricultural products in the explanation variable reflecting the characteristics of the production and operation of the farmers All variables passed the significance test and the effect was positive. The farmer was obtained The bank credit has passed the significance test and the effect is negative; the order pricing method and the pricing settlement terms that embody the fairness of the mutual benefit distribution of the internal financing cooperation of the supply chain are reflected in the order clause characteristics, and the default compensation strip reflecting the benefit guarantee degree of the internal financing cooperation parties of the supply chain the three solutions The release variable passed the significance test and the effect was The results of the study have verified the research hypothesis of this paper. The factors that affect the availability of the credit of the farmers under the internal financing environment of the chain. Based on the hkman model, the data of the farmer's field survey on the supply chain of the live pigs is used to analyze the supply. The factors that affect the availability of the credit of the farmers under the internal financing environment of the chain. The results show that, in the explanation of the individual characteristics of the peasant household, whether the farmer is a native or a peasant is a village cadre, the two variables have passed the significance test, and the influence is positive. ; the explanation variable reflecting the production and operation of the farmer and the financial characteristics; The scale of farmer's culture has passed the significance test, the influence is positive. The household total assets of the farmer and the bank credit obtained by the farmer have passed the significance test, the influence is negative, and the regression result of the model shows that the supply chain is in harmony The substitution degree between the capital and the bank credit is 61.04%, which indicates that the internal financing of the supply chain is an important channel for widening the credit availability of the farmers, and the credit constraints of the farmers can be significantly reduced, and the research hypothesis of this paper is verified. The implementation proportion and communication time of the order in the explanation variable reflecting the relationship between the peasant household and the leading enterprise The number of these two variables passed the significance test,
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F326.3;F832.43

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 汪琴;基于農(nóng)戶視角的我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)價(jià)值鏈融資問(wèn)題研究[D];安徽財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號(hào)：2479857