【摘要】：無論在發(fā)達國家還是發(fā)展中國家,中小企業(yè)在繁榮市場、增加就業(yè)機會、創(chuàng)造社會財富方面等發(fā)揮著重要作用。我國中小企業(yè)的數(shù)量占到企業(yè)總數(shù)99%,是國民經(jīng)濟的的重要組成部分。然而一直以來,我國中小企業(yè)得到的融資支持與其在國民經(jīng)濟中的地位作用極不對稱,融資難問題始終制約著中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展,如何解決中小企業(yè)融資難問題受到了社會各界的高度關(guān)注。銀行貸款是目前我國中小企業(yè)融資的最主要渠道,大多數(shù)學者和文獻認為,在銀行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)中占絕對優(yōu)勢的大型銀行傾向于為大企業(yè)提供貸款,中小銀行則以中小企業(yè)為貸款對象,并且中小銀行在向中小企業(yè)貸款時具有優(yōu)勢。近年來,我國中小銀行經(jīng)過不斷發(fā)展,已經(jīng)成為我國金融機構(gòu)的重要力量,中小銀行在支持中小企業(yè)融資方面取得了一定成就,但是為什么隨著中小銀行發(fā)展中小企業(yè)融資難問題并未根本性解決。此外,2012年我國存款利率市場化進入攻堅階段,深受利差空間收窄的影響,中小銀行現(xiàn)有的盈利方式受到挑戰(zhàn),在激烈的市場競爭環(huán)境下,中小銀行迫切需要快速準確地尋找市場定位以確保其可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文將中小銀行與中小企業(yè)融資結(jié)合起來,從理論和實證兩方面研究和探討中小銀行在中小企業(yè)融資中的作用,具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文首先分析了我國中小企業(yè)的融資現(xiàn)狀和中小銀行的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,主要包括中小企業(yè)在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的重要地位、中小企業(yè)面臨的融資約束情況和利率市場化之后中小銀行的生存和發(fā)展。其次對中小銀行發(fā)展與中小企業(yè)融資的關(guān)系進行理論解析,分別運用信息不對稱理論、信貸配給理論、關(guān)系型信貸理論、小銀行優(yōu)勢理論對中小銀行與中小企業(yè)融資的關(guān)系進行一般性的理論闡述,為本文研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文運用宏觀和微觀兩個層面的具體數(shù)據(jù)進行實證研究,揭示中小銀行的發(fā)展對于緩解中小企業(yè)融資約束的重要性,并對實證結(jié)論的現(xiàn)實性進行分析。最后,針對現(xiàn)實中存在的問題,提出相應的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Whether in developed or developing countries, small and medium-sized enterprises play an important role in prospering the market, increasing employment opportunities and creating social wealth. The number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China accounts for 99% of the total number of enterprises, which is an important part of the national economy. However, for a long time, the financing support of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is very asymmetrical with their position in the national economy, and the problem of financing difficulties has always restricted the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. How to solve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises has been highly concerned by all walks of life. Bank loan is the most important channel of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises in our country at present. Most scholars and literature think that the large banks, which occupy the absolute advantage in the banking structure, tend to provide loans to large enterprises. Small and medium-sized banks take small and medium-sized enterprises as the object of loan, and small and medium-sized banks have advantages in lending to small and medium-sized enterprises. In recent years, after continuous development, small and medium-sized banks in China have become an important force of financial institutions in our country, and small and medium-sized banks have made certain achievements in supporting the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises. But why with the development of small and medium-sized banks financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises has not been fundamentally solved. In addition, in 2012, the marketization of deposit interest rate in China entered the key stage, which was deeply affected by the narrowing of interest rate space, and the existing profit mode of small and medium-sized banks was challenged. In the fierce market competition environment, Small and medium-sized banks urgently need to find market positioning quickly and accurately to ensure their sustainable development. This paper combines the financing of small and medium-sized banks with the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, and studies and discusses the role of small and medium-sized banks in the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises from both theoretical and empirical aspects, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper first analyzes the financing status of small and medium-sized enterprises in China and the development of small and medium-sized banks, including the important position of small and medium-sized enterprises in economic development. The financing constraints faced by small and medium-sized enterprises and the survival and development of small and medium-sized banks after the marketization of interest rates. Secondly, the relationship between the development of small and medium-sized banks and the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises is analyzed theoretically, using the theory of information asymmetry, the theory of credit rationing and the theory of relational credit. The theory of advantages of small banks makes a general theoretical exposition of the relationship between small and medium-sized banks and financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, which lays a theoretical foundation for this study. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper uses macro and micro specific data to carry out empirical research, reveals the importance of the development of small and medium-sized banks to alleviate the financing constraints of small and medium-sized enterprises, and analyzes the reality of empirical conclusions. Finally, in view of the problems existing in reality, put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：浙江工商大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.2;F276.3

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