【摘要】：從二十世紀(jì)八十年代開始,包括美國、波蘭、日本、韓國、印度尼西亞等在內(nèi)的100多個國家都經(jīng)歷了不同程度的金融危機(jī)；2008年,美國爆發(fā)次級房貸危機(jī),由美國次貸危機(jī)引起的華爾街風(fēng)暴,迅速席卷全球并且愈演愈烈,已經(jīng)演變?yōu)槿蛐缘慕鹑谖C(jī),嚴(yán)重影響了全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展,在世界范圍內(nèi)形成了巨額的銀行不良貸款,導(dǎo)致了全球銀行業(yè)的危機(jī)。從華爾街到全世界,從金融界到實體經(jīng)濟(jì),各國政府都在面臨著嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),處置世界銀行業(yè)的巨額不良資產(chǎn),已經(jīng)成為各國政府和銀行面臨的重大問題。 國際金融危機(jī)當(dāng)前仍處于“復(fù)蘇趨勢+不確定性”狀態(tài),我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展也面臨諸多風(fēng)險和挑戰(zhàn),如通貨膨脹預(yù)期增強(qiáng),CPI指數(shù)居高不下等等,宏觀經(jīng)營環(huán)境及經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的不穩(wěn)定性直接影響到xx銀行信貸資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量,使xx銀行面臨較大的資產(chǎn)下行壓力；金融改革不斷深化,資金脫媒、利率市場化等步伐加快,新資本協(xié)議正式實施,包括影子銀行的增長等,都對中小商業(yè)銀行的發(fā)展帶來較大壓力。因此研究不良貸款的處置方式及防范措施,具有現(xiàn)實意義。 XX銀行成立之初承接了原城市信用社歷史遺留3.1353億元的不良貸款,加之前兩屆領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子經(jīng)營不善,以及內(nèi)控及風(fēng)險防控體系不健全、約束激勵機(jī)制不完善、不良貸款清收力度不足、信貸人員合規(guī)意識淡薄、信息技術(shù)及創(chuàng)新能力欠佳等原因,在發(fā)展過程中又新增了近2億元的不良貸款。2007年新一屆領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子上臺后,通過尋求政府支持以及自身努力,積極采取多種處置措施,對歷史遺留不良貸款進(jìn)行集中處置并獲得成效。但xx銀行不良貸款處置方式仍存在手段單一、清收力度不足、未建立長效處置機(jī)制等問題,仍存在很大的改進(jìn)空間。對比分析美國、日本和韓國不良資產(chǎn)處置方式,歸納其經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)及其對我國的啟示,結(jié)合實際工作經(jīng)驗,提出了xx銀行處置和防范不良貸款的具體的、有針對性的措施,藉此提升Xx銀行不良貸款處置水平和盈利能力。 隨著XX銀行“區(qū)域經(jīng)營,上市發(fā)展”長遠(yuǎn)戰(zhàn)略的實施與推進(jìn),XX銀行以合理、有效的方式處置和防范不良資產(chǎn)將是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。XX銀行是一家地方性商業(yè)銀行,規(guī)模較小、管理理念和實踐經(jīng)驗尚且不足,內(nèi)控制度與風(fēng)險防范體系亟需完善,專業(yè)化團(tuán)隊建設(shè)任務(wù)任重道遠(yuǎn),信息技術(shù)支持與業(yè)務(wù)、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新能力有待加強(qiáng),這些都是防范不良資產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)方面,而且由于內(nèi)控制度不完善與風(fēng)險防控體系不健全造成的不良貸款屢屢見諸報端,從這些方面進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化是XX銀行處置和防范不良資產(chǎn)的有利保障。這些新舉措的實施必將助推xx銀行的順利發(fā)展,也會為其他城市商業(yè)化的發(fā)展提供借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, more than 100 countries, including the United States, Poland, Japan, South Korea, Indonesia and so on, have experienced different degrees of financial crisis; In 2008, the subprime mortgage crisis broke out in the United States, and the Wall Street crisis caused by the US subprime mortgage crisis swept the world rapidly and intensified, which has evolved into a global financial crisis, which has seriously affected the healthy development of the global economy. In the world, the formation of large non-performing bank loans, leading to the global banking crisis. From Wall Street to the world, from the financial world to the real economy, governments are facing a serious economic crisis, the disposal of the world's large non-performing assets of the banking industry, has become a major problem for governments and banks. The international financial crisis is still in the state of "recovery trend uncertainty", and China's economic development is also faced with many risks and challenges, such as increased inflation expectations, high CPI index, and so on. The instability of macro-management environment and economic policy directly affects the quality of credit assets of xx banks, which makes xx banks face great downward pressure on assets. The deepening of financial reform, capital disintermediation, interest rate marketization and other steps, the formal implementation of the new capital agreement, including the growth of shadow banks, has brought greater pressure on the development of small and medium-sized commercial banks. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the disposal mode and preventive measures of non-performing loans. At the beginning of its establishment, the XX Bank undertook a non-performing loan of three hundred and thirteen million five hundred and twenty nine thousand nine hundred and ninety nine yuan left over from the history of the original city credit cooperatives, together with the poor management of the previous two leading bodies, as well as the imperfect internal control and risk prevention and control system, and the imperfect restraint and incentive mechanism. For reasons such as insufficient collection of non-performing loans, weak awareness of compliance among credit personnel, and poor information technology and innovation, nearly 200 million yuan of non-performing loans were added to the development process. After the new leadership came to power in 2007, Through seeking government support and its own efforts, actively take a variety of disposal measures to centrally dispose of historical non-performing loans and achieve results. However, there are still some problems in the disposal of non-performing loans in xx banks, such as single means, insufficient collection, no long-term disposal mechanism and so on, and there is still a lot of room for improvement. This paper compares and analyzes the disposal methods of non-performing assets in the United States, Japan and South Korea, sums up their experiences and lessons and their enlightenment to China, and puts forward specific and targeted measures for the disposal and prevention of non-performing loans by xx banks, combining with practical working experience. This will enhance the Xx Bank's non-performing loan disposal level and profitability. With the implementation and promotion of the long-term strategy of "Regional Operation, listing Development" of XX Bank, it is urgent for XX Bank to dispose and prevent non-performing assets in a reasonable and effective way. XX Bank is a local commercial bank with a relatively small scale. The management concept and practical experience are still insufficient, the internal control system and the risk prevention system need to be improved urgently, the task of professional team building is heavy, the information technology support and business, and the ability of product innovation need to be strengthened. These are the basic aspects of preventing non-performing assets, and the non-performing loans caused by the imperfect internal control system and the imperfect risk prevention and control system are frequently seen in the newspapers. From these aspects to strengthen is the XX bank disposal and prevention of non-performing assets favorable protection. The implementation of these new measures will promote the smooth development of xx Bank, and will also provide reference for the commercial development of other cities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.4

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