基于三階段DEA模型的上市銀行X-效率研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-16 14:30
【摘要】：上市銀行資產規(guī)模龐大,是我國銀行業(yè)的中堅力量,其經營效率的高低對整個銀行業(yè)有重要影響。X-效率是企業(yè)管理水平的測度指標,對上市銀行進行X-效率測度有重要意義。本文中x-效率是指除規(guī)模經濟和范圍經濟以外的所有技術效率和配置效率的綜合,故本文首先測度上市銀行的配置效率和純技術效率,然后對純技術效率值進行環(huán)境變量和統(tǒng)計誤差調整得到純管理效率,從而得到最終的上市銀行X-效率。 本文分別使用了三種方式對上市銀行x-效率進行測度。首先是基于投入導向模型,對上市銀行每一年分別進行效率值測度；其次,將不同年份的同一銀行作為不同的決策單元,基于相同的效率前沿進行效率值測度；最后,基于產出導向模型,在三階段DEA模型的第二階段,根據環(huán)境變量和統(tǒng)計誤差對上市銀行產出項進行調整。三種方式x-效率測度值比較結果顯示,第三種方式的測度值與銀行人均利潤、人均發(fā)放貸款的相關系數更高,更能準確反映上市銀行的X-效率水平。測度結果顯示,我國上市銀行的成本效率、配置效率和技術效率及X-效率整體呈上升趨勢。股份制商業(yè)銀行、國有銀行以及城市商業(yè)銀行這三類上市銀行中,城商行配置效率和x-效率相對較高,股份制商業(yè)銀行的成本效率和技術效率,三類銀行之間的差異逐漸縮小。市場份額、政策環(huán)境等外部環(huán)境對上市銀行產生了差異化的影響,銀行上市年限的長短對銀行效率的影響不顯著。 基于上市銀行x-效率測度值,本文從銀行治理視角、人力資源視角和技術創(chuàng)新視角尋找X-效率的影響因素。實證分析結果顯示上市銀行X-效率與銀行人力資源質量有顯著的正相關性,與管理層薪酬的相關性不顯著且很小,上市銀行應重視員工素質水平,完善企業(yè)管理層的激勵機制。上市銀行X-效率與企業(yè)內部薪酬差距比例、第一大股東持股比例均呈顯著的負相關性,說明較大的薪酬差距一定程度上影響了員工的工作努力程度,第一大股東持股比例過高對上市銀行存在一定不利影響。上市銀行X-效率值與銀行的非利息收入占比呈顯著的負相關,或是因為長期以來我國銀行業(yè)以信貸為主的收益模式。
[Abstract]:The large scale of assets of listed banks is the backbone of China's banking industry, and its operational efficiency has an important impact on the whole banking industry. X-efficiency is a measure of the level of enterprise management. It is of great significance to measure the X-efficiency of listed banks. In this paper, X-efficiency refers to the synthesis of all technical efficiency and allocation efficiency except economies of scale and economies of scope. Therefore, this paper first measures the allocation efficiency and pure technical efficiency of listed banks. Then the pure management efficiency is obtained by adjusting the environmental variables and statistical errors to the pure technical efficiency, and the final X-efficiency of the listed bank is obtained. This paper uses three ways to measure the x-efficiency of listed banks. The first is based on the input-oriented model to measure the efficiency of listed banks each year, secondly, the same bank in different years is regarded as different decision-making unit, and the efficiency value is measured based on the same efficiency frontier. Finally, based on the output-oriented model, in the second stage of the three-stage DEA model, the output items of listed banks are adjusted according to environmental variables and statistical errors. The comparison of the x-efficiency of the three ways shows that the X-efficiency of the listed bank can be accurately reflected by the correlation coefficient between the measurement value of the third way and the per capita profit of the bank, and the correlation coefficient of the per capita loan is higher than that of the other three modes. The measurement results show that the cost efficiency, allocation efficiency, technical efficiency and X-efficiency of listed banks in China are on the rise as a whole. Among the three kinds of listed banks: joint-stock commercial banks, state-owned banks and city commercial banks, the allocation efficiency and x-efficiency of urban commercial banks are relatively high, and the cost efficiency and technical efficiency of joint-stock commercial banks are relatively high. The differences among the three types of banks have gradually narrowed. The external environment, such as market share and policy environment, has a differential effect on the listed banks, and the length of the listed years of the banks has no significant effect on the efficiency of the banks. Based on the x-efficiency measurement value of listed banks, this paper tries to find out the influencing factors of X-efficiency from the perspective of bank governance, human resources and technological innovation. The results of empirical analysis show that the X-efficiency of listed banks has a significant positive correlation with the quality of human resources of banks, and the correlation between X-efficiency and management compensation is not significant and very small. Therefore, listed banks should attach importance to the level of staff quality. Perfect the incentive mechanism of enterprise management. The X-efficiency ratio of listed banks is negatively correlated with the ratio of compensation gap within the enterprise, and the proportion of the first largest shareholder is negatively correlated, which indicates that the greater pay gap has a certain impact on the level of employees' work effort. The proportion of the largest shareholders is too high to the listed banks have a certain adverse impact. The X-efficiency value of listed banks has a significant negative correlation with the ratio of non-interest income of banks, or because of the long-term credit-based income model in China's banking industry.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.33;F224
本文編號：2441555
[Abstract]:The large scale of assets of listed banks is the backbone of China's banking industry, and its operational efficiency has an important impact on the whole banking industry. X-efficiency is a measure of the level of enterprise management. It is of great significance to measure the X-efficiency of listed banks. In this paper, X-efficiency refers to the synthesis of all technical efficiency and allocation efficiency except economies of scale and economies of scope. Therefore, this paper first measures the allocation efficiency and pure technical efficiency of listed banks. Then the pure management efficiency is obtained by adjusting the environmental variables and statistical errors to the pure technical efficiency, and the final X-efficiency of the listed bank is obtained. This paper uses three ways to measure the x-efficiency of listed banks. The first is based on the input-oriented model to measure the efficiency of listed banks each year, secondly, the same bank in different years is regarded as different decision-making unit, and the efficiency value is measured based on the same efficiency frontier. Finally, based on the output-oriented model, in the second stage of the three-stage DEA model, the output items of listed banks are adjusted according to environmental variables and statistical errors. The comparison of the x-efficiency of the three ways shows that the X-efficiency of the listed bank can be accurately reflected by the correlation coefficient between the measurement value of the third way and the per capita profit of the bank, and the correlation coefficient of the per capita loan is higher than that of the other three modes. The measurement results show that the cost efficiency, allocation efficiency, technical efficiency and X-efficiency of listed banks in China are on the rise as a whole. Among the three kinds of listed banks: joint-stock commercial banks, state-owned banks and city commercial banks, the allocation efficiency and x-efficiency of urban commercial banks are relatively high, and the cost efficiency and technical efficiency of joint-stock commercial banks are relatively high. The differences among the three types of banks have gradually narrowed. The external environment, such as market share and policy environment, has a differential effect on the listed banks, and the length of the listed years of the banks has no significant effect on the efficiency of the banks. Based on the x-efficiency measurement value of listed banks, this paper tries to find out the influencing factors of X-efficiency from the perspective of bank governance, human resources and technological innovation. The results of empirical analysis show that the X-efficiency of listed banks has a significant positive correlation with the quality of human resources of banks, and the correlation between X-efficiency and management compensation is not significant and very small. Therefore, listed banks should attach importance to the level of staff quality. Perfect the incentive mechanism of enterprise management. The X-efficiency ratio of listed banks is negatively correlated with the ratio of compensation gap within the enterprise, and the proportion of the first largest shareholder is negatively correlated, which indicates that the greater pay gap has a certain impact on the level of employees' work effort. The proportion of the largest shareholders is too high to the listed banks have a certain adverse impact. The X-efficiency value of listed banks has a significant negative correlation with the ratio of non-interest income of banks, or because of the long-term credit-based income model in China's banking industry.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.33;F224
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