【摘要】：小額信用貸款源于二十世紀六、七十年代,由孟加拉吉大港大學經(jīng)濟學家穆罕默德·尤納斯(Muhammad Yunus)博士發(fā)起,是一種把城鄉(xiāng)低收入階層作為服務對象的小規(guī)模金融服務方式,最初目的是為了消除貧困和發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。1993年,中國引入孟加拉鄉(xiāng)村銀行(GB)小額信貸模式,由最初成立扶貧經(jīng)濟合作社,到確立農(nóng)村信用社作為正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)全面發(fā)放小額信用貸款,經(jīng)過近20年的發(fā)展,農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款在我國取得了較快的發(fā)展,同時在扶持弱勢群體、支持“三農(nóng)”發(fā)展、實現(xiàn)和諧社會建設方面發(fā)揮了巨大作用。但是,隨著業(yè)務的開展和推廣,農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款業(yè)務風險管理現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,風險管理問題已經(jīng)嚴重阻礙了該業(yè)務的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,如何運用科學的管理方法規(guī)避這些風險,成為亟待解決的問題。 本文主要對XH縣農(nóng)村信用社農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款業(yè)務中的風險管理進行深入研究,針對研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題,進行分析總結(jié),提出相應的政策建議,為ZK市轄區(qū)農(nóng)村信用社加強對農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款業(yè)務的管理提供參考和借鑒。首先對XH縣農(nóng)村信用社小額信貸風險管理研究的背景和意義進行闡述,并提出主要研究內(nèi)容、研究思路和文獻綜述,就論文的預期目標及創(chuàng)新點進行歸納總結(jié)；在對XH縣農(nóng)村信用社實地調(diào)研的基礎上,掌握第一手農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款數(shù)據(jù)和案例,并結(jié)合該農(nóng)村信用社農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款的業(yè)務流程,對該農(nóng)村信用社農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款的風險管理現(xiàn)狀進行分析,查找XH縣農(nóng)村信用社農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款近兩年來出現(xiàn)業(yè)務萎縮的主要原因,由此引出農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款風險管理問題；根據(jù)調(diào)研的數(shù)據(jù)和案例,結(jié)合XH縣農(nóng)村信用社農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款業(yè)務的實際情況,將目前該業(yè)務面臨的風險分為自然風險、市場風險、信用風險、操作風險、流動性風險、其他風險六個方面,并對每個方面的風險的成因進行詳細分析；針對分析的主要風險成因,結(jié)合XH縣農(nóng)村信用社實際情況和XH縣農(nóng)村信用環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟環(huán)境等方面,提出相應的風險管理政策建議。
[Abstract]:Microcredit was initiated in the 1960s and 1970s by Dr. Mohamed Jonas (Muhammad Yunus), an economist at Chittagong University in Bangladesh. It is a small-scale financial service that targets the low-income urban and rural sectors. The original aim was to eradicate poverty and develop agricultural production. In 1993, China introduced the Bangladesh Grameen Bank (GB) micro-credit model, and established the pro-poor economic cooperative from the beginning. To establish rural credit cooperatives as formal financial institutions to comprehensively issue small credit loans, after nearly 20 years of development, farmers' small credit loans have achieved relatively rapid development in China. At the same time, they are supporting vulnerable groups and supporting the development of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". The construction of a harmonious society has played a great role. However, with the development and promotion of the business, the current situation of risk management in the small credit loan business of farmers is not optimistic, the risk management problem has seriously hindered the sustainable development of the business, how to use scientific management methods to avoid these risks, It has become an urgent problem to be solved. This paper mainly studies the risk management in the small credit loan business of the rural credit cooperatives in XH county, analyzes and summarizes the problems found in the research, and puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations. It provides reference and reference for ZK rural credit cooperatives to strengthen the management of farmers' small credit loan business. Firstly, the background and significance of the research on microfinance risk management of rural credit cooperatives in XH county are expounded, and the main research contents, research ideas and literature review are put forward, and the expected objectives and innovative points of the paper are summarized and summarized. Based on the field investigation of the rural credit cooperatives in XH county, the paper grasps the data and cases of the micro-credit loans of the rural households, and combines the business process of the micro-credit loans of the rural credit cooperatives. This paper analyzes the present situation of the risk management of the small credit loan of the peasant household of the rural credit cooperative, and finds out the main reasons for the decline of the small credit loan of the peasant household of the rural credit cooperative in XH county in the past two years. This leads to the risk management of small credit loans for farmers; According to the investigated data and cases, combined with the actual situation of the small credit loan business of rural credit cooperatives in XH county, the risks faced by this business are divided into natural risk, market risk, credit risk, operational risk, liquidity risk. There are six aspects of other risks, and the causes of each risk are analyzed in detail. According to the analysis of the main risk causes, combined with the actual situation of rural credit cooperatives in XH county and the rural credit environment and economic environment of XH county, the corresponding risk management policy suggestions are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.4

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