我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行資本結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效的影響研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-13 08:54
【摘要】：西方經(jīng)濟(jì)有自己的一套發(fā)展理論，然而由于西方與我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的不同，其理論模式并不符合我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。一般來說，，企業(yè)資本指權(quán)益資本與債務(wù)資本的比例。一般企業(yè)對(duì)資本的定義與銀行對(duì)資本的定義是有著很大區(qū)別的，因?yàn)閷?duì)商業(yè)銀行來說，它有股東投資而形成的一定產(chǎn)權(quán)資本，更重要的是，商業(yè)銀行大部分的資本來源是從社會(huì)上募集而來的債務(wù)資本，這是商業(yè)銀行的主要資本。在新的巴塞爾協(xié)議中也有具體的規(guī)定，銀行的資本包括兩大類，主要分為核心資本以及附屬資本，并規(guī)定了附屬資本的比例不能大于核心的100%，這種資本結(jié)構(gòu)也就是通常一般企業(yè)說的股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)商業(yè)銀行來說，一般是銀行股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)資本結(jié)構(gòu)起了一定的作用，資本結(jié)構(gòu)又影響了銀行的績(jī)效水平，這樣傳遞下來，也就是商業(yè)銀行的資本結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)績(jī)效有一定的影響，因此本文研究?jī)?yōu)化資本結(jié)構(gòu)來提高經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效水平也就有了一定的意義。 文章就我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行資本結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效的影響進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。在實(shí)證研究過程中，首先是選擇了目前我國(guó)上市的具有代表性的10家商業(yè)銀行，利用2007年中-2012年中6年的面板數(shù)據(jù)，資本結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo)主要從股權(quán)比例和資本的充足性方面進(jìn)行衡量，經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效指標(biāo)則從財(cái)政部金融系統(tǒng)制定的指標(biāo)體系加以衡量。分析了整體的商業(yè)銀行資本結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效的影響，得出了一個(gè)總的結(jié)論。接著為了更好的說明我們要研究的問題，選取了工商銀行作為國(guó)有銀行的代表，華夏銀行作為股份制商業(yè)銀行的代表，對(duì)這兩家銀行采用了從2007年-2012年的季度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行多元回歸，與總的實(shí)證結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。 本文在研究的過程中，注重從實(shí)際出發(fā)和研究結(jié)果的真實(shí)性，所得到的研究結(jié)論如下：不管是對(duì)國(guó)有大銀行而言，還是對(duì)小的股份制銀行而言，銀行第一大股東持股比例與經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效都呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)，這與我們的前提假設(shè)都是一致的；銀行前五大股東持股比例與經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效顯著正相關(guān)；資本充足率與商業(yè)銀行的經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效總得來說也呈現(xiàn)出正相關(guān)。對(duì)研究的十家商業(yè)銀行做的回歸分析結(jié)構(gòu)得知，資本充足率與經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效在5%的顯著水平下，是有著顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系的；總權(quán)益占總資產(chǎn)的比重與經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效非顯著性正相關(guān)，對(duì)工商銀行的實(shí)證分析結(jié)果顯示總權(quán)益占總資產(chǎn)的比重與經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效呈現(xiàn)負(fù)相關(guān)，對(duì)華夏銀行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，總權(quán)益占總資產(chǎn)的比重則呈現(xiàn)出不太顯著的正相關(guān)。文章的最后一部分是根據(jù)實(shí)證分析，得出了檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)，并提出了相關(guān)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:The western economy has its own development theory, however, because of the different economic environment between the west and our country, its theoretical model does not accord with the economic development of our country. Generally speaking, enterprise capital refers to the ratio of equity capital to debt capital. The definition of capital in general enterprises is quite different from the definition of capital in banks, because for commercial banks, it has certain property capital formed by the investment of shareholders, and more importantly, Most of the capital of commercial banks is debt capital raised from the society, which is the main capital of commercial banks. There are also specific provisions in the new Basel Accord. The capital of banks consists of two main categories, core capital and subsidiary capital, and stipulates that the proportion of subsidiary capital should not be greater than that of core capital. This capital structure is usually referred to as the equity structure of the general enterprise. For commercial banks, it is generally the equity structure of the banks that plays a certain role in the capital structure, and the capital structure also affects the performance level of the banks. In other words, the capital structure of the commercial banks has a certain impact on the performance. Therefore, this study on optimizing capital structure to improve the level of operating performance has certain significance. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the influence of the capital structure of Chinese commercial banks on business performance. In the process of empirical research, the first is to select 10 representative commercial banks listed in our country, using panel data from 2007 to 2012. The capital structure index is mainly measured from the equity ratio and the capital adequacy, while the management performance index is measured from the index system established by the financial system of the Ministry of Finance. This paper analyzes the influence of the overall capital structure of commercial banks on the operating performance, and draws a general conclusion. Then, in order to better explain the problems we are going to study, we select ICBC as the representative of the state-owned bank and Huaxia Bank as the representative of the joint-stock commercial bank. The two banks adopt the multivariate regression from 2007 to 2012 to compare the results with the total empirical results. In the course of the research, this paper pays attention to the reality and the authenticity of the research results. The conclusions are as follows: whether for the large state-owned banks or the small joint-stock banks, There is a significant negative correlation between the shareholding ratio of the first largest shareholder and the operating performance, which is consistent with our premise hypothesis; The proportion of the top five shareholders in the bank is significantly positively correlated with the operating performance, and the capital adequacy ratio is also positively correlated with the overall operating performance of the commercial bank. The regression analysis of ten commercial banks shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the capital adequacy ratio and the operating performance at the significant level of 5%. The proportion of total equity in total assets is not significantly correlated with operating performance. The empirical analysis of ICBC shows that the proportion of total equity in total assets is negatively correlated with operating performance, and the research on Huaxia Bank has found that there is a negative correlation between the proportion of total equity in total assets and operating performance. The proportion of total equity to total assets showed a less significant positive correlation. The last part of the article is based on empirical analysis, the structure of the test, and put forward relevant policy recommendations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.33
本文編號(hào)：2328618
[Abstract]:The western economy has its own development theory, however, because of the different economic environment between the west and our country, its theoretical model does not accord with the economic development of our country. Generally speaking, enterprise capital refers to the ratio of equity capital to debt capital. The definition of capital in general enterprises is quite different from the definition of capital in banks, because for commercial banks, it has certain property capital formed by the investment of shareholders, and more importantly, Most of the capital of commercial banks is debt capital raised from the society, which is the main capital of commercial banks. There are also specific provisions in the new Basel Accord. The capital of banks consists of two main categories, core capital and subsidiary capital, and stipulates that the proportion of subsidiary capital should not be greater than that of core capital. This capital structure is usually referred to as the equity structure of the general enterprise. For commercial banks, it is generally the equity structure of the banks that plays a certain role in the capital structure, and the capital structure also affects the performance level of the banks. In other words, the capital structure of the commercial banks has a certain impact on the performance. Therefore, this study on optimizing capital structure to improve the level of operating performance has certain significance. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the influence of the capital structure of Chinese commercial banks on business performance. In the process of empirical research, the first is to select 10 representative commercial banks listed in our country, using panel data from 2007 to 2012. The capital structure index is mainly measured from the equity ratio and the capital adequacy, while the management performance index is measured from the index system established by the financial system of the Ministry of Finance. This paper analyzes the influence of the overall capital structure of commercial banks on the operating performance, and draws a general conclusion. Then, in order to better explain the problems we are going to study, we select ICBC as the representative of the state-owned bank and Huaxia Bank as the representative of the joint-stock commercial bank. The two banks adopt the multivariate regression from 2007 to 2012 to compare the results with the total empirical results. In the course of the research, this paper pays attention to the reality and the authenticity of the research results. The conclusions are as follows: whether for the large state-owned banks or the small joint-stock banks, There is a significant negative correlation between the shareholding ratio of the first largest shareholder and the operating performance, which is consistent with our premise hypothesis; The proportion of the top five shareholders in the bank is significantly positively correlated with the operating performance, and the capital adequacy ratio is also positively correlated with the overall operating performance of the commercial bank. The regression analysis of ten commercial banks shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the capital adequacy ratio and the operating performance at the significant level of 5%. The proportion of total equity in total assets is not significantly correlated with operating performance. The empirical analysis of ICBC shows that the proportion of total equity in total assets is negatively correlated with operating performance, and the research on Huaxia Bank has found that there is a negative correlation between the proportion of total equity in total assets and operating performance. The proportion of total equity to total assets showed a less significant positive correlation. The last part of the article is based on empirical analysis, the structure of the test, and put forward relevant policy recommendations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.33
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