【摘要】：外貿(mào)是我國經(jīng)濟蓬勃發(fā)展的重要助推動力。近年來，全球經(jīng)濟受金融危機影響，長期處于下行期，而我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展卻抵住壓力，，保持平穩(wěn)、健康發(fā)展，受到了世界各國的關(guān)注。再加上，我國加快推進匯改進程，原先人民幣單一盯住美元的貨幣政策被廢除，從05年起開始實施“以市場供求為基礎(chǔ)、參考一籃子貨幣進行調(diào)節(jié)、有管理的浮動匯率制度”，在各方關(guān)注與壓力下，人民幣匯率節(jié)節(jié)攀升，且有持續(xù)上升的趨勢。在不斷攀升的升值壓力下，我國外貿(mào)，特別是出口企業(yè)，出口總額雖然增加了，但同時生產(chǎn)成本也在上升，利潤空間被壓縮，同時還要經(jīng)受進口國反傾銷、反壟斷、關(guān)稅措施等貿(mào)易壁壘的制約，我國出口企業(yè)的生存狀況實則舉步維艱，愈發(fā)艱難。 過往的研究結(jié)果及文獻中以模型結(jié)果來說明匯率波動對進出口價格、國內(nèi)物價影響的研究較多，而關(guān)于外貿(mào)企業(yè)在升值壓力下的對策研究，則較為集中在中小外貿(mào)企業(yè)融資難這一問題上。本文通過對匯率及匯率波動理論的研究，了解匯率波動對價格的傳導過程，進而深入分析匯率波動對出口價格及出口企業(yè)的影響這一條連續(xù)的線索，在研究匯率波動影響機制的前提下，引出對出口企業(yè)的影響分析，并在對比研究的基礎(chǔ)上，分門別類地提出了有針對性的建議。同時，本文跨領(lǐng)域結(jié)合了企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略管理的理論，運用“五力模型”及“價值鏈”理論模型為基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)出口企業(yè)的經(jīng)營環(huán)境及經(jīng)營特點，著重分析了出口企業(yè)在外部經(jīng)營環(huán)境以及內(nèi)部經(jīng)營活動過程中所承受的匯率波動風險。在總結(jié)了出口企業(yè)所面臨的匯率波動帶來的影響后，考慮到我國人民幣匯率升值的現(xiàn)狀，在建言獻策部分將研究范圍限制在人民幣升值條件下，有針對性地為各類出口企業(yè)在貿(mào)易融資工具、金融衍生品以及企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略手段的選擇上提出了建議。
[Abstract]:The foreign trade is our country economy vigorous development important boost power. In recent years, the global economy has been affected by the financial crisis for a long time in the downward period, but the economic development of our country has withstood the pressure, maintained the steady and healthy development, has received the attention of the countries all over the world. In addition, China has accelerated the process of promoting the exchange rate reform, and the original monetary policy of single peg to the US dollar has been abolished. Since 2005, it has implemented a "managed floating exchange rate system based on market supply and demand, with reference to a basket of currencies." Under the pressure of concern and pressure, the RMB exchange rate has been rising, and there is a rising trend. Under the rising pressure of appreciation, although the total export volume of China's foreign trade, especially the export enterprises, has increased, but at the same time, the production costs are also rising, the profit margins are being compressed, and the importing countries are also subject to anti-dumping and anti-monopoly. With the restriction of tariff measures and other trade barriers, the living conditions of Chinese export enterprises are more and more difficult. The past research results and the model results in the literature show that there are more studies on the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on import and export prices and domestic prices. However, the countermeasures of foreign trade enterprises under the pressure of appreciation are studied. More concentrated in the financing of small and medium foreign trade enterprises on this issue. Through the study of exchange rate and exchange rate fluctuation theory, this paper understands the transmission process of exchange rate fluctuation to price, and then analyzes the influence of exchange rate fluctuation on export price and export enterprise, which is a continuous clue. On the premise of studying the influence mechanism of exchange rate fluctuation, this paper draws out the analysis of the impact on export enterprises, and on the basis of comparative study, puts forward some specific suggestions. At the same time, this paper combines the theory of enterprise strategic management with the theory of "five forces model" and "value chain", according to the management environment and characteristics of export enterprises. The foreign exchange rate fluctuation risk of export enterprises in the process of external operation and internal operation is analyzed emphatically. After summing up the impact of the exchange rate fluctuation faced by export enterprises, considering the current situation of RMB exchange rate appreciation in China, the author limits the research scope to the condition of RMB appreciation in the advice part. Some suggestions on trade financing instruments, financial derivatives and strategic means of enterprises are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.6;F752.62

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