【摘要】：中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展是一個(gè)國(guó)家和民族社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)中最為活躍、最富朝氣的力量,已經(jīng)越來(lái)越成為縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的脊梁。發(fā)展中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)、改進(jìn)中小企業(yè)金融服務(wù),既是中國(guó)銀行全面貫徹中央精神、支持縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、履行企業(yè)社會(huì)責(zé)任的必然要求,也是加快自身結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,促進(jìn)業(yè)務(wù)持續(xù)穩(wěn)健發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略舉措。今年以來(lái),中國(guó)銀行總行更著重、著力強(qiáng)調(diào)中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)的重要性,專項(xiàng)核定新增投放額度、專項(xiàng)配置業(yè)務(wù)推動(dòng)費(fèi)用,保障中小企業(yè)的提款需求能得到最大化的滿足。以積極貫徹落實(shí)分行“毫不動(dòng)搖加大對(duì)中小微企業(yè)拓展力度”工作要求,以“中小企業(yè)精品網(wǎng)點(diǎn)建設(shè)”踐行網(wǎng)點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展目標(biāo),以“中小企業(yè)伙伴計(jì)劃”帶動(dòng)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)共同發(fā)展,以“優(yōu)化總量年審流程”促進(jìn)資源的再分配與再利用,在全國(guó)營(yíng)造做大做優(yōu)中小企業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)拓展氛圍,以燎原之勢(shì)在全轄掀起敘作中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)的高潮。 為更好地服務(wù)當(dāng)?shù)刂行】蛻?進(jìn)一步提升中國(guó)銀行對(duì)中小企業(yè)客戶服務(wù)水平,中國(guó)銀行多策并舉,積極響應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)卣般y監(jiān)部門號(hào)召,扎實(shí)推進(jìn)中小企業(yè)金融服務(wù),切實(shí)緩解中小企業(yè)“融資難、融資貴”問(wèn)題,從源頭著手、從規(guī)模著眼、從創(chuàng)新著力,全面幫助中小企業(yè)做大做強(qiáng),努力成為中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的最佳伙伴。2008年以來(lái),中國(guó)銀行借鑒新加坡淡馬錫模式,推行信貸業(yè)務(wù)“工廠化”運(yùn)作,以期實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)中小企業(yè)融資業(yè)務(wù)的規(guī)�；�、精細(xì)化、流程化操作,提高金融服務(wù)效率和質(zhì)量。所謂“信貸工廠”(Credit Factory),意指銀行像工廠制造標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化產(chǎn)品一樣對(duì)信貸業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行批量處理。具體而言,就是銀行按照“流水線”作業(yè)方式對(duì)中小企業(yè)貸款的設(shè)計(jì)、申報(bào)、審批、發(fā)放、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制等進(jìn)行批量操作,將業(yè)務(wù)管理流程劃分為尋找客戶來(lái)源渠道并確定目標(biāo)客戶,客戶上門調(diào)查并收集資料,信貸提案,貸款審批,發(fā)放審核,貸后管理,年審等環(huán)節(jié),按照業(yè)務(wù)流程設(shè)置崗位,各管一段,各施其職,流水化、工廠式作業(yè),起到了較好的促進(jìn)效果。 中國(guó)銀行雙流分行地處成都平原腹地,位于四川打造天府新區(qū)的核心區(qū)域—雙流縣,存貸款雙雙突破百億大關(guān),是成都地區(qū)唯一一家分行級(jí)的四川省直屬行。雙流縣幅員面積1032平方公里,目前轄18個(gè)鎮(zhèn)、6個(gè)街道,94.2萬(wàn)人口�？h域經(jīng)濟(jì)綜合實(shí)力連續(xù)17年位居全省首位,經(jīng)濟(jì)基本競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力全國(guó)百?gòu)?qiáng)排第18位。2012年,全縣新登記私營(yíng)企業(yè)1162戶,私營(yíng)企業(yè)在冊(cè)總數(shù)達(dá)9390戶；新登記個(gè)體工商戶5953戶,個(gè)體工商戶在冊(cè)總數(shù)達(dá)41240戶,雙流縣民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量達(dá)436.6億元,位居成都市第二；經(jīng)濟(jì)完成增加值326.35億元,排名全市第一,雙流縣也是全市僅有的2個(gè)民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量突出400億元大關(guān)的區(qū)縣之一。近年來(lái),雙流縣搶抓國(guó)家實(shí)施國(guó)家二次振興計(jì)劃的新一輪西部大開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃、四川省強(qiáng)力打造全省經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的第二極,打造天府新區(qū)再造一個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)成都等重大機(jī)遇,認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)四川省成都市委的發(fā)展規(guī)劃,初步構(gòu)建了以高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)為先導(dǎo)、現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)為支撐、臨空經(jīng)濟(jì)為特色、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)為本底的現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系,并繼續(xù)奮力打造西部經(jīng)濟(jì)核心增長(zhǎng)極示范縣。2013年是雙流縣實(shí)施“十二五”規(guī)劃的關(guān)鍵一年,中國(guó)銀行雙流分行將在四川省分行領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,繼續(xù)以支持雙流縣經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展為己任,充分發(fā)揮中行多元化服務(wù)功能,不斷加大對(duì)小微企業(yè)的幫扶力度,多渠道、全方位支持優(yōu)質(zhì)小微企業(yè)的資金需求。通過(guò)前期了解,雙流縣基本具備業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展要素,故針對(duì)中國(guó)銀行四川省分行在雙流分行設(shè)立中小企業(yè)貸款“二級(jí)信貸工廠”而進(jìn)行相關(guān)內(nèi)容的調(diào)研。 中國(guó)銀行總行對(duì)“信貸工廠”進(jìn)行差別化管理,原則上僅在一級(jí)分行設(shè)置一級(jí)“信貸工廠”。在經(jīng)濟(jì)較為發(fā)達(dá)、社會(huì)誠(chéng)信度較高、資源配置符合要求的直屬分行、二級(jí)分行可設(shè)“二級(jí)信貸工廠”,根據(jù)中國(guó)銀行總行和省行的戰(zhàn)略安排,按照總行中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)新模式的總體思路和原則,將結(jié)合雙流當(dāng)?shù)刂行∑髽I(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)特點(diǎn)及授信管理要求,按要求做好了各項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作業(yè)程序等制度建設(shè)的準(zhǔn)備工作。并制定行而有效的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范措施,加強(qiáng)對(duì)中小企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制是中小企業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理不能消除風(fēng)險(xiǎn),目地也不是消除風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而是在主動(dòng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理過(guò)程以達(dá)到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和收益的均衡。發(fā)展中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)傳導(dǎo)“實(shí)質(zhì)重于形式”的中小企業(yè)授信文化,以客戶為中心,執(zhí)行差異化利率定價(jià),優(yōu)化客戶結(jié)構(gòu),夯實(shí)客戶基礎(chǔ),擴(kuò)大新模式復(fù)制范圍,建立小企業(yè)營(yíng)銷渠道,全面敞開(kāi)小企業(yè)服務(wù)窗口,拓寬中小企業(yè)融資渠道,利用我行國(guó)際結(jié)算等優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)品,提升服務(wù)層次,滿足優(yōu)秀中小企業(yè)的金融服務(wù)需求。根據(jù)調(diào)研,我們得出以雙流分行現(xiàn)在的中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理控制水平,應(yīng)該單獨(dú)設(shè)置“信貸工廠”新模式的結(jié)論。 本文第1章介紹了研究的背景、目的及意義,國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)該課題的研究情況,介紹中國(guó)銀行對(duì)于區(qū)域中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)的探索,引出中銀“信貸工廠概念;第2章主要介紹了雙流經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展概況及水平,得出該區(qū)域開(kāi)展中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)的適宜程度；第3章通過(guò)對(duì)雙流中小企業(yè)市場(chǎng)發(fā)展機(jī)遇和載體狀況進(jìn)行分析,回顧了近年來(lái)的發(fā)展情況,展望未來(lái)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；第4章介紹雙流中小企業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和雙流縣加快中小企業(yè)發(fā)展采取的主要措施,對(duì)在該區(qū)域開(kāi)展中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)適合與否進(jìn)行客觀評(píng)估,第5章則通過(guò)對(duì)發(fā)展中存在的問(wèn)題,思考推進(jìn)的方案；第6章則是在以上的基礎(chǔ)上,分析中行在該區(qū)域發(fā)展中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)的優(yōu)劣勢(shì)分析,提出舉措和方案；第7章全方位論證中行在雙流設(shè)立“二級(jí)信貸工廠”的可行性,必要性和防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并提高信貸資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量方式；第8章進(jìn)行全文總結(jié),指出創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)和不足。 本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于站在銀行的角度,且是筆者親自參與的項(xiàng)目調(diào)研評(píng)估,通過(guò)對(duì)雙流區(qū)域中小企業(yè)信貸市場(chǎng)調(diào)研項(xiàng)目的案例設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)中國(guó)銀行支持雙流地區(qū)中小企業(yè)的市場(chǎng)做調(diào)研,將實(shí)際工作與理論相結(jié)合,對(duì)其他金融機(jī)構(gòu)如何分析特定區(qū)域的市場(chǎng)情況,起了一定的參考作用。 本文的不足在于由于工作的原因使得案例敘述較多,評(píng)估方法的創(chuàng)新上有所欠缺,未來(lái)還需要將評(píng)估的指標(biāo)體系進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化和創(chuàng)新。
[Abstract]:The development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is the most active and vigorous force in the social economy of a country and a nation, and has become the backbone of the development of county economy. Since this year, the head office of the Bank of China has put more emphasis on the importance of the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises, approved new investment quotas, allocated expenditure to promote the development of business, and ensured that the demand for SMEs'withdrawals can be maximized. To actively implement the branch's "unswervingly increase the expansion of small and medium-sized micro-enterprises" requirements, to "small and medium-sized enterprise network construction" to practice the development goal of network transformation, to "small and medium-sized enterprise partnership plan" to drive the joint development of the network, to "optimize the total annual review process" to promote the redistribution and redistribution of resources Use it to create a bigger and better business development atmosphere for small and medium-sized enterprises throughout the country, and set off a climax of narrating the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises under the jurisdiction of the prairie power.
In order to better serve the local small and medium-sized customers and further enhance the service level of the Bank of China to small and medium-sized enterprises, the Bank of China has taken various measures to respond positively to the call of the local government and the banking regulatory departments, to promote financial services for small and medium-sized enterprises, and to effectively alleviate the problem of "difficult financing and expensive financing" for small and medium-sized enterprises. Since 2008, the Bank of China has borrowed from Singapore's Temasek model to implement the "factory" operation of credit business in order to realize the scale, refinement and process operation of financing business for SMEs, improve the efficiency and efficiency of financial services. Quality. The so-called "Credit Factory" means that banks, like factories, manufacture standardized products, handle credit business in batches. It is divided into the following links: searching for the source of customers and determining the target customers, customer visiting and collecting information, credit proposals, loan approval, issuing audit, post-loan management, annual review, etc. Jobs are set up according to the business process, each section is managed, each section performs its duties, streamlined, factory-type operation, which has played a better role in promoting.
Shuangliu Branch of Bank of China is located in the hinterland of Chengdu Plain. It is located in Shuangliu County, the core area of the new Tianfu District in Sichuan Province. The deposit and loan of Shuangliu County have exceeded 10 billion yuan. It is the only direct branch of Sichuan Province in Chengdu area. Shuangliu County covers an area of 1,032 square kilometers. It has 18 towns, 6 streets and 942,000 people. In 2012, 1162 newly registered private enterprises and 9390 private enterprises were registered in the county, 5953 newly registered individual industrial and commercial households, 41240 registered individual industrial and commercial households, and 43.66 billion yuan in Shuangliu County's private economy, ranking second in Chengdu. Shuangliu County is one of the only two districts and counties in the city with a total private economy of 40 billion yuan. In recent years, Shuangliu County has grabbed a new round of western development plan for the implementation of the national second revitalization plan, and Sichuan Province has made a strong effort to create the second pole of economic growth in the whole province, creating the sky. Fuxin District has reorganized an industrial Chengdu and other major opportunities, earnestly implemented the development plan of the Chengdu Municipal Committee of Sichuan Province, initially constructed a modern industrial system featuring high-tech industry as the forerunner, modern manufacturing industry as the support, air-front economy and modern agriculture as the background, and continued to strive to build a demonstration county of the core growth pole of the western economy. The year 2013 is the key year for Shuangliu County to implement the 12th Five-Year Plan. Under the correct leadership of the Sichuan Branch, the Shuangliu Branch of the Bank of China will continue to support Shuangliu County's economic transformation and development, give full play to the diversified service functions of the Bank of China, continuously increase its support to small and micro enterprises, and support quality enterprises through various channels and in an all-round way. Through the preliminary understanding, Shuangliu County basically has business development elements, so the Bank of China Sichuan Branch in Shuangliu Branch to set up SME loans in the "secondary credit factory" for related research.
The head office of the Bank of China carries out differential management of the "credit factories", and in principle, only the first-level "credit factories" are set up in the first-level branches. According to the general ideas and principles of the new business model of SMEs in the head office, the preparatory work for the establishment of various business standards and operating procedures will be done according to the requirements of the credit business characteristics and credit management requirements of Shuangliu local SMEs, and effective risk prevention measures will be formulated to strengthen the risk control of SMEs. The key to the sustainable development of enterprises is that the risk management can not eliminate the risk, and the aim is not to eliminate the risk, but to achieve the balance of risk and income in the process of active risk management. Price, optimization of customer structure, consolidation of customer base, expansion of the scope of new model replication, establishment of small business marketing channels, comprehensive opening of small business service window, broadening the financing channels of small and medium enterprises, making use of our bank's international settlement and other advantages of products, enhance the level of service to meet the financial services needs of outstanding small and medium-sized enterprises. The conclusion that the new mode of "credit factory" should be set up separately is that the current business development situation and the level of risk management and control of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the branch.
Chapter 1 of this paper introduces the background, purpose and significance of the study, the research situation of domestic and foreign scholars on this subject, introduces the exploration of the Bank of China on the business of small and medium-sized enterprises in the region, leads to the concept of "credit factory" of Bank of China; Chapter 2 mainly introduces the general situation and level of the development of double-stream economy, and obtains the suitability of the region to carry out business of small and medium- Chapter 3 reviews the development situation in recent years and looks forward to the future development trend by analyzing the market development opportunities and carriers of Shuangliu SMEs; Chapter 4 introduces the development status of Shuangliu SMEs and the main measures taken by Shuangliu County to speed up the development of SMEs in this region. Chapter 5 makes an objective assessment of the existing problems in the development and considers the plans to promote them; Chapter 6 analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the development of SMEs in the region, and puts forward measures and plans; Chapter 7 fully demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of the establishment of a "secondary credit factory" by the Bank of China in Shuangliu. Chapter 8 summarizes the full text and points out the innovation and shortcomings.
The innovative point of this paper is standing on the bank's point of view, and the author personally participates in the project research and evaluation. Through the case design of the SME credit market research project in Shuangliu District, this paper makes a research on the market of SMEs in Shuangliu District supported by the Bank of China, combines the actual work with the theory, and analyzes other financial institutions. The market situation of the fixed area has played a certain reference role.
The shortcomings of this paper are that there are more case descriptions due to the reasons of work, and the innovation of evaluation methods is deficient. In the future, the evaluation index system needs to be further optimized and innovated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F276.3;F832.4

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