【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)之后，隨著企業(yè)對資金的需求量加大，原有的貸款方式已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)資金的需求，而銀行也需要新的利潤增長點(diǎn)，在面對著國際競爭的加劇，無論企業(yè)還是銀行，都對供應(yīng)鏈融資有著強(qiáng)烈的渴望。位于供應(yīng)鏈中的中小企業(yè)普遍面臨著融資難的困境，造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因有兩方面：一方面，供應(yīng)鏈的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致了中小企業(yè)的自身資本與核心企業(yè)相差較遠(yuǎn)，中小企業(yè)在供應(yīng)鏈中并不占優(yōu)勢，另外當(dāng)面臨的上下游企業(yè)的需求很大時，通常會造成現(xiàn)金流不足的困境。另一方面，大部分中小企業(yè)的信用狀況不佳，又沒有足夠的固定資產(chǎn)進(jìn)行抵押擔(dān)保，使得銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)惜貸現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，提供融資服務(wù)需要的門檻較高，條件苛刻。中國加入WTO以后，在逐步開放的過程中，國際性大銀行逐漸進(jìn)入中國市場，給本土銀行帶來了很大的壓力，由于國家政策和市場形勢的變化，銀行的原有業(yè)務(wù)收入大幅下降，中小企業(yè)融資是一個還有很大發(fā)展空間的市場各家銀行之間對中小企業(yè)貸款的競爭日益升溫，供應(yīng)鏈融資作為一項(xiàng)新的業(yè)務(wù)，，逐步的成為銀行新的攻堅方向。 供應(yīng)鏈金融是專門針對中小企業(yè)融資難而產(chǎn)生的一種金融創(chuàng)新模式，它主要利用了供應(yīng)鏈中核心企業(yè)與配套企業(yè)的合作關(guān)系，是基于核心企業(yè)的信用擔(dān)保，分析配套企業(yè)是否能夠通過經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)營獲得足夠的未來現(xiàn)金流來保證還款的進(jìn)行，與物流企業(yè)進(jìn)行合作，靈活的使用存貨、應(yīng)收賬款等動產(chǎn)作為擔(dān)保，為供應(yīng)鏈上下游企業(yè)提供的創(chuàng)新型金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。我國在開展供應(yīng)鏈金融之后取得了一定的成果，但是更暴露出了很多問題。法律法規(guī)的不完善，不規(guī)范的行業(yè)競爭，淡薄的供應(yīng)鏈管理意識，在運(yùn)作過程中的信用風(fēng)險、操作風(fēng)險，以及中國滯后的金融技術(shù)發(fā)展，產(chǎn)生了供應(yīng)鏈融資業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險不可控，操作繁瑣，效率不高等不利影響。針對這些問題，我們要對相關(guān)法律體系進(jìn)行完善，建立有效的風(fēng)險評級系統(tǒng)，優(yōu)化融資業(yè)務(wù)流程，并加大在電子化等金融技術(shù)方面的投入，使供應(yīng)鏈金融走向合理化、程式化、高效化，更好地為中小企業(yè)融資進(jìn)行服務(wù)，為我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展注入活力。
[Abstract]:After entering the 21st century, with the increasing demand for funds by enterprises, the original loan methods can no longer adapt to the demand for funds, and banks also need new profit growth points. In the face of the intensified international competition, no matter enterprises or banks, Both have a strong desire for supply chain financing. The small and medium-sized enterprises in the supply chain generally face the difficulty of financing. There are two reasons for this phenomenon: on the one hand, the structural characteristics of the supply chain lead to the difference between the capital of the small and medium-sized enterprises and the core enterprises. SMEs are not dominant in the supply chain. In addition, when the demand of upstream and downstream enterprises is very large, it usually leads to the plight of insufficient cash flow. On the other hand, the credit condition of most small and medium-sized enterprises is not good, and there is not enough fixed assets to carry on the mortgage guarantee, which makes the banks and other financial institutions reluctant to lend seriously, the threshold of providing financing services is higher and the conditions are harsh. After China's entry into the WTO, during the process of gradual opening up, the international big banks gradually entered the Chinese market, which brought great pressure to the local banks. As a result of the change of the state policy and the market situation, the original business income of the banks dropped dramatically. SME financing is a market with great room for development. The competition between banks for SME loans is increasing day by day. As a new business, supply chain financing has gradually become a new direction for banks to attack. Supply chain finance is a kind of financial innovation mode which is specially aimed at the difficulty of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises. It mainly utilizes the cooperative relationship between core enterprises and supporting enterprises in the supply chain and is based on the credit guarantee of core enterprises. Analysis of whether supporting enterprises can obtain sufficient future cash flow through economic operation to ensure repayment, cooperate with logistics enterprises, use inventory, accounts receivable and other movable assets as security, Innovative financial products and services for upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain. After developing supply chain finance, our country has made some achievements, but has exposed many problems. The imperfect laws and regulations, the irregular competition in the industry, the weak sense of supply chain management, the credit risk, the operational risk in the operation process, and the lagged development of financial technology in China have resulted in the uncontrollable risk of the supply chain financing business. Cumbersome operation, low efficiency and other adverse effects. To solve these problems, we should perfect the relevant legal system, establish an effective risk rating system, optimize the financing business process, and increase the investment in financial technology such as electronization, so that the supply chain finance can be rationalized and formulated. High-efficiency, better financing for small and medium-sized services, for the economic development of our country injected vitality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.1

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