【摘要】：農(nóng)村小型金融組織作為我國金融體系的重要組成部分,得到了我國政府的高度重視。2006年12月以來,我國采取了多項重要措施推進農(nóng)村金融市場的發(fā)展,尤其是促進農(nóng)村小型金融組織的發(fā)展。截止2011年底農(nóng)村信用社的總資產(chǎn)達到72047億元,截止到2012年底,全國范圍內(nèi)的村鎮(zhèn)銀行達到1433家,小額貸款公司達到6080家。發(fā)展農(nóng)村小型金融組織能夠有效的增強農(nóng)村金融市場的競爭激烈度,同時與大型金融機構(gòu)形成相輔模式,彌補其在金融領(lǐng)域的服務(wù)弱項,滿足農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的多元化金融需求。另外,農(nóng)村小型金融組織為農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供資金支持,帶動農(nóng)村整體經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的整體運行具有重要的意義。農(nóng)村小型金融組織憑借其自身的優(yōu)點在農(nóng)村金融市場有很大的發(fā)展空間,它快速健康的發(fā)展構(gòu)成我國農(nóng)村金融體系發(fā)展的有力的支撐和可靠的基礎(chǔ)。 本文在總結(jié)農(nóng)村小型金融組織相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,對我國農(nóng)村小型金融組織的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行描述,總結(jié)出目前我國農(nóng)村小型金融組織所面臨的困境,諸如人才的缺失、業(yè)務(wù)開展的局限、風險監(jiān)控的不完善等。然后,通過對孟加拉國的格萊珉銀行、印度NABARD微型金融機構(gòu)以及德國合作銀行體系的發(fā)展進行梳理,并結(jié)合我國農(nóng)村小型金融組織的發(fā)展情況和我國的具體國情,選擇性的進行借鑒,為培育適應(yīng)我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的小型金融機構(gòu)從微觀和宏觀兩個角度提出了政策建議。微觀建議包括樹立良好形象,提高小型金融組織的社會知名度、提高員工素質(zhì)水平,優(yōu)化人力資源結(jié)構(gòu)、確定合理的利率水平、立足農(nóng)村,堅持服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”,不斷豐富產(chǎn)品體系；宏觀建議包括加強融資政策支持力度,擴展資金來源渠道、加強政府職能的發(fā)揮,明確其在農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展中地位、發(fā)展并完善農(nóng)村金融法律體系,創(chuàng)建與其相適應(yīng)的監(jiān)管制度、構(gòu)建促使農(nóng)村小型金融組織可持續(xù)發(fā)展的良好金融環(huán)境、建立完善的農(nóng)業(yè)保險體系。
[Abstract]:As an important part of China's financial system, rural small financial organizations have been highly valued by our government. Since December 2006, China has taken a number of important measures to promote the development of rural financial markets. Especially to promote the development of rural small financial organizations. By the end of 2011, the total assets of rural credit cooperatives had reached 7.2047 trillion yuan, and by the end of 2012, there were 1433 village banks and 6080 micro-loan companies nationwide. The development of rural small financial organizations can effectively enhance the intensity of competition in rural financial markets, at the same time form a complementary model with large financial institutions, make up for their weak service in the financial field, and meet the diversified financial needs of rural economic development. In addition, small financial organizations in rural areas provide financial support for the development of rural economy and promote the development of the whole rural economy, which is of great significance to the overall operation of rural economy. Rural small financial organizations have great space for development in rural financial markets with their own advantages. Its rapid and healthy development constitutes a strong support and reliable foundation for the development of rural financial system in China. On the basis of summarizing the relevant theories of rural small-scale financial organizations, this paper describes the current situation of the development of rural small-scale financial organizations in China, and summarizes the difficulties faced by rural small-scale financial organizations in China, such as the lack of talents. Business development limitations, risk monitoring is not perfect and so on. Then, by combing the development of the Grameen Bank of Bangladesh, the NABARD Microfinance Institution of India and the German Cooperative Bank system, and combining the development of rural small-scale financial organizations in China and the specific conditions of our country, In order to cultivate the small financial institutions adapted to the development of rural economy in China, some policy suggestions are put forward from the micro and macro aspects. Micro suggestions include setting up a good image, improving the social visibility of small financial organizations, improving the quality of employees, optimizing the structure of human resources, determining reasonable interest rates, establishing a foothold in rural areas, and insisting on serving the "three rural areas." The macroscopical suggestions include strengthening the financing policy support, expanding the sources of funds, strengthening the function of the government, clarifying its position in the development of rural finance, developing and perfecting the rural financial legal system, To build a good financial environment to promote the sustainable development of rural small financial organizations and to establish a perfect agricultural insurance system.
【學位授予單位】：天津財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.35

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