本文選題：小額貸款公司 + 運行效率�。� 參考：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：小額信貸起源于20世紀70年代的孟加拉國,此后迅速推廣到亞洲、非洲和拉丁美洲等許多發(fā)展中國家,成為一種非常有效的扶貧方式。上世紀90年代,小額信貸傳入我國,我國開始在充分借鑒國外小額信貸的成功經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上就如何發(fā)展我國小額信貸來造福于農(nóng)村及貧困人口進行了一系列嘗試。2008年,我國開始正式在全國范圍內(nèi)推進小額貸款公司試點工作。 國外對小額信貸機構(gòu)的研究開始得較早,并且也較深入地涉及到其運行效率問題。我國以小額信貸機構(gòu)為主要研究對象的討論,開始涉及到機構(gòu)的類型、組織方式、市場客戶的定位及小額信貸機構(gòu)可持續(xù)發(fā)展等問題,并伴隨了一定的定量分析,但與國外的小額信貸機構(gòu)的運行效率研究相比,這些研究開始得較晚,并不夠系統(tǒng)和深入。因此,在此基礎(chǔ)上,繼續(xù)對之進行總結(jié)與分析探討,不僅具有重要的理論研究意義,更對政府有關(guān)部門完善相關(guān)政策和小額貸款公司提升運營效率具有重要的參考價值。 本文以浙江省小額貸款公司為對象,從浙江省的小額貸款公司的實際情況出發(fā),詳細分析了浙江省小額貸款公司的經(jīng)營情況以及特點,并運用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析(DEA)方法,測算出了浙江省小額公司的運行效率,定量地分析了浙江省小額貸款公司的經(jīng)營狀況。在此基礎(chǔ)之上,用Tobit模型對影響浙江省小額貸款公司運行效率的因素做了實證分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),浙江小額貸款公司的生產(chǎn)效率與小額貸款在總貸款余額的占比以及不良貸款率沒有明顯的相關(guān)關(guān)系,而利率、貸款余額占所有者權(quán)益和銀行融資的比例與小額貸款公司的生產(chǎn)效率呈顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。最后,在定性與定量的分析基礎(chǔ)之上,總結(jié)了浙江省小額貸款公司的優(yōu)點和不足,并分別從小額貸款公司自身和政策制定者兩個方面,針對性地提出了一些建議。 研究認為,要提升浙江小額貸款公司運營效率,在基層微觀層面,一是需要開發(fā)多種適合小額貸款公司的小額信貸技術(shù)；二是要加強小額貸款公司的人才建設(shè)；三是小額貸款公司應(yīng)立足本區(qū)域,做好精準的市場定位；四是小額貸款公司在信貸方而應(yīng)多像銀行學(xué)習(xí),加強自身經(jīng)營管理創(chuàng)新的能力。在政策制定者層面,一是國家需要盡快明確小額貸款公司作為金融企業(yè)性質(zhì)的定位,從頂層設(shè)計上完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī)；二是放開對小額貸款公司銀行融資比例的限制。 本論題研究的特色體現(xiàn)在：一是研究內(nèi)容新穎,是小額貸款公司的經(jīng)營模式及如何引導(dǎo)其商業(yè)可持續(xù)性發(fā)展的監(jiān)管措施和政策扶持的角度展開；二是研究視角較獨特,以公司運行效率視角切入,尋找出影響其效率的因素,采用的分析數(shù)據(jù)均是2012年全年的一手資料,有較強的時效性。研究不足在于,相關(guān)研究較少,缺乏深層次理論的提煉；數(shù)據(jù)的選取不夠全面。僅選取了浙江省小額貸款公司2012年的數(shù)據(jù)進行了分析,缺乏縱向比較,可能會對小額貸款公司試點工作開始以來的進展有所忽略。 本研究及結(jié)論,對政府相關(guān)主管部門完善小貸政策,引導(dǎo)小額貸款公司高效運作,將提供有益的參考與借鑒。
[Abstract]:Microfinance originated in 1970s in Bangladesh, then quickly extended to Asia, Africa and Latin America and many other developing countries, has become a very effective way of helping the poor. In 90s, microfinance was introduced into our country, our country started in the full draw on the successful experience of foreign microfinance on how to develop microfinance in China for the benefit of the rural poor population and carried out a series of attempts to.2008 years, China began to promote the pilot work of microfinance companies in the country.
Research on microfinance institutions abroad started early, and also deeply involved in its operation efficiency. To discuss China's microfinance institutions as the main research object, begin to relate to the type of institution, organization, problem of the sustainable development of the market positioning of the client and micro credit machine, and with the analysis a quantitative research, but the efficiency of microfinance institutions and abroad compared to the research started later, and are not systematic and deep. Therefore, on this basis, continue to review the discussion and analysis, not only has important theoretical significance of the research, it has important reference value for related policies and small loan companies to enhance the operational efficiency of the relevant government departments to improve.
In this paper, small loan companies in Zhejiang Province as the research object, starting from the actual situation of Zhejiang Province, the small loan companies, the operating conditions and characteristics of small loan companies in Zhejiang province are analyzed in detail, and the use of data envelopment analysis (DEA) method, to calculate the operating efficiency of Zhejiang province microfinance company, quantitative analysis of small loan companies Zhejiang province's operating conditions. On this basis, an empirical analysis of factors influencing the operating efficiency of microfinance companies in Zhejiang province by using the Tobit model results show that the production efficiency of microfinance and microfinance company in Zhejiang in the proportion of total loans and non-performing loan ratio is not obvious correlation, and the interest rate, loan balance the proportion of equity financing and bank and microfinance company's production efficiency has a significant positive correlation. Finally, the qualitative and quantitative analysis on the basis of, This paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of small loan companies in Zhejiang Province, and puts forward some suggestions from two aspects, namely, small loan companies themselves and policymakers.
Research thinks, to enhance the Zhejiang microfinance company operational efficiency, at the grassroots level, micro level, one is the need to develop for a variety of small loan companies, microfinance technology; two is to strengthen the construction of small loan companies; three small loan companies should be based on regional, make accurate market positioning; four is the petty loan company in credit should be more like banks to strengthen their own learning ability, the innovation of management. For the policy makers, a country needs to clear as soon as the microfinance company position as the financial nature of the enterprise, from the top-level design to improve the relevant laws and regulations; two is the opening of small loan companies, the ratio of bank financing is limited.
This study have the following features: one is the research content of the novel, is a small loan company's business model and how to guide the sustainable development of its business regulatory measures and policy support aspects; two is the research perspective is unique, from the perspective of the efficiency of the company cut, to find out the factors that affect the efficiency of the data are the 2012 annual information on the one hand, there is a strong timeliness. On the downside, less relevant research, lack of deep theoretical research; the selection of the data is not comprehensive enough. Only selected Zhejiang province microfinance company data in 2012 were analyzed, the lack of longitudinal comparison, may progress to since the pilot work small loan companies began to be neglected.
This study and conclusion will provide useful reference and reference for the relevant government departments to improve the small loan policy and to guide the efficient operation of the microfinance companies.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.39

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