發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-05 02:00

  本文選題：美國消費(fèi)信貸　切入點(diǎn)：發(fā)展歷程　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后的5年時(shí)間內(nèi)，世界各國采用積極政策致力于本國經(jīng)濟(jì)的恢復(fù)，危機(jī)中心的美國更采取積極的貨幣政策挽救金融市場及實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑，全球主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體逐漸恢復(fù)增長，世界整體進(jìn)入了“后危機(jī)時(shí)代”。如何在危機(jī)后重振市場活力、尋找新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長點(diǎn)是各國關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。作為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要?jiǎng)恿χ唬M(fèi)一直在美國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中扮演重要的角色，其中消費(fèi)信貸已經(jīng)成為美國家庭消費(fèi)的重要方式，消費(fèi)信貸成為美國以消費(fèi)促增長的重要?jiǎng)恿�，后危機(jī)時(shí)代美國消費(fèi)信貸同樣為經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。然而，反思金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)的深層原因可以看出，信貸模式在其發(fā)展擴(kuò)大的過程中存在諸多問題與消極作用，過度發(fā)達(dá)的信貸市場與缺乏監(jiān)管的金融創(chuàng)新是次貸泡沫破裂的重要原因，也是發(fā)展消費(fèi)信貸中亟需解決與規(guī)避的問題。 與美國相反，我國長期以出口和投資作為拉動經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主要?jiǎng)恿�，因此危機(jī)后全球外貿(mào)市場緊縮影響對我國經(jīng)濟(jì)影響較大，同時(shí)人民幣升值壓力也使我國出口優(yōu)勢減弱。種種跡象表明后危機(jī)時(shí)代我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型目標(biāo)應(yīng)以降低國際環(huán)境對經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響程度為主，合理調(diào)整內(nèi)需與外需關(guān)系，加快經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型步伐，采用積極的政策擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、增加消費(fèi)。其中，，發(fā)展消費(fèi)信貸對推動我國國內(nèi)市場需求有著重要的作用，內(nèi)貿(mào)“十二五”中關(guān)于消費(fèi)信貸新規(guī)定的推出充分反映了現(xiàn)階段我國政府對消費(fèi)的重視與決定。因此如何辯證的看待消費(fèi)信貸的積極作用，同時(shí)在發(fā)展中規(guī)避其消極影響為我國今后發(fā)展消費(fèi)信貸市場提供重要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與啟示。 本文第1章是緒論，主要介紹了本文選題背景與研究思路，并對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的成果進(jìn)行簡要闡述。第2章是消費(fèi)信貸及相關(guān)理論，給出了消費(fèi)信貸的定義及特征，同時(shí)簡述了消費(fèi)理論與信貸理論等作為研究基礎(chǔ)。第3、4、5章是論文主體部分，第3章從美國消費(fèi)信貸的發(fā)展歷程及其特點(diǎn)，主要通過美國消費(fèi)信貸演變歷程，從宏觀演變歷程入手分析美國消費(fèi)信貸發(fā)展過程中表現(xiàn)出的特點(diǎn)。第4章主要介紹了后危機(jī)時(shí)代美國消費(fèi)信貸體現(xiàn)出的新變化及其動因分析，著重分析后危機(jī)時(shí)代美國消費(fèi)信貸體現(xiàn)出的新變化，并從短期政策、長期政策及宏、微觀角度深入分析美國消費(fèi)信貸這種變化的原因。第5章著重于后危機(jī)美國消費(fèi)信貸的積極作用與消極影響，辯證的分析其消費(fèi)信貸機(jī)制的影響及效果。最后一章是對我國消費(fèi)信貸建設(shè)的相關(guān)啟示，分析我國目前消費(fèi)信貸現(xiàn)狀與問題，并有針對性的提出一些建議。
[Abstract]:In the five years since the outbreak of the financial crisis, all countries in the world have adopted positive policies to devote themselves to the recovery of their own economies, and the United States, which is the center of the crisis, has adopted active monetary policies to save the financial markets and the real economy from declining.The world's major economies have gradually returned to growth, and the world as a whole has entered a post-crisis era.How to revive market vitality and find new economic growth points after the crisis is the focus of attention.As one of the important driving forces of economic development, consumption has always played an important role in the economic development of the United States. Among them, consumer credit has become an important form of household consumption in the United States, and consumer credit has become an important driving force for the United States to promote growth through consumption.Us consumer credit has also contributed significantly to the recovery in the post-crisis era.However, reflecting on the deep causes of the outbreak of the financial crisis, we can see that the credit model has many problems and negative effects in the process of its development and expansion.The overdeveloped credit market and the lack of supervision and financial innovation are the important reasons for the collapse of the subprime mortgage bubble, and are also the problems that need to be solved and avoided in the development of consumer credit.In contrast to the United States, China has long taken exports and investment as the main driving force to promote economic development, so the impact of the global foreign trade market contraction on China's economy is greater after the crisis, and the pressure of RMB appreciation also weakens China's export advantage.All kinds of indications show that in the post-crisis era, the aim of our country's economic transformation should be to reduce the influence of the international environment on the economy, adjust the relationship between domestic demand and external demand reasonably, speed up the pace of economic transformation, and adopt positive policies to expand domestic demand and increase consumption.Among them, the development of consumer credit plays an important role in promoting the domestic market demand. The introduction of the new provisions on consumer credit in the 12th Five-Year Plan of domestic Trade fully reflects the importance and decision of our government on consumption at the present stage.Therefore, how to dialectically treat the positive role of consumer credit and avoid its negative impact in the development of China provides important experience and inspiration for the future development of consumer credit market.The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the background and research ideas of this paper, and briefly describes the research results at home and abroad.The second chapter is the consumer credit and related theories, gives the definition and characteristics of consumer credit, at the same time briefly describes the consumption theory and credit theory as the research basis.Chapter 3 is the main part of the thesis. Chapter 3 analyzes the characteristics of the development process of American consumer credit mainly through the evolution course of American consumer credit and the macro-evolution process.Chapter 4 mainly introduces the new changes and causes of American consumer credit in the post-crisis era, focusing on the analysis of the new changes in the post-crisis era, and from the short-term policy, long-term policy and macro.Micro-perspective in-depth analysis of the reasons for this change in consumer credit in the United States.Chapter 5 focuses on the positive and negative effects of the post-crisis consumer credit in the United States, and dialectically analyzes the impact and effect of its consumer credit mechanism.The last chapter is the enlightenment to the construction of consumer credit in China, analyzes the current situation and problems of consumer credit in China, and puts forward some suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F837.12

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