本文關(guān)鍵詞： 環(huán)境規(guī)制 產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚 FDI　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：伴隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的是區(qū)域間吸引外商直接投資競爭的加劇,中國作為外資熱衷的流入國,經(jīng)歷了三十多年的高速經(jīng)濟增長,形成了外商投資主要集中于東部沿海地區(qū)、向中西部地區(qū)遞減的區(qū)域投資格局。在各地區(qū)發(fā)展提升過程中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)廣東、江蘇等地出現(xiàn)了有計劃地減少污染型產(chǎn)業(yè)引入的現(xiàn)象,即“騰籠換鳥”：與此同時在中國中西部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了某些產(chǎn)業(yè)的“承接轉(zhuǎn)移”。本文以這兩種現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)為切入口,文章主旨在于探討由FDI引起的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚在區(qū)域間的轉(zhuǎn)移機制問題。 首先,本文闡述了目前我國FDI發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀與特征,包括：出現(xiàn)的“騰籠換鳥”、“承接轉(zhuǎn)移”的新情況；仍然保持快速增長的勢頭;帶有的區(qū)域集聚性：各地區(qū)政府為吸引FDI的優(yōu)惠政策；FDI流入對我國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的不利影響。接著,本文根據(jù)分析的這些現(xiàn)狀特征,聯(lián)系產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移理論與FDI區(qū)位選擇理論,發(fā)現(xiàn)地方政府行為在FDI引起的產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域間轉(zhuǎn)移過程中起著舉足輕重的作用。進過模型推理發(fā)現(xiàn),地方政府的行為機制體現(xiàn)在：第一,它在分配有限的自身投入時更傾向于以直接的方式提高經(jīng)濟水平,原因在于,相對而言,優(yōu)質(zhì)的環(huán)境建設(shè)對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻是間接的；第二,處于經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不同階段的各地方政府的行為是不一樣的,當?shù)胤骄用竦氖杖朐礁邥r,地方政府越重視環(huán)境治理等公共品的投入,越不會一味追求GDP的增長。 隨后,本文通過核心解釋變量——地方政府的環(huán)境規(guī)制強度(衡量地方政府行為)和地區(qū)集聚水平(衡量地方產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚程度)來構(gòu)建計量模型,解釋各地區(qū)對FDI吸引力問題。將全國及東、中、西部數(shù)據(jù)帶入驗證之后,我們更加確信：各地方政府的行為機制在不同的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展時段是不一樣的,在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平較低的時候,地方政府和居民急需通過招商引資來發(fā)展地方經(jīng)濟,提高收入,提升工業(yè)化水平,因此他們能夠接受當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)環(huán)保質(zhì)量一定限度內(nèi)的下降；當?shù)胤浇?jīng)濟“躋身”較發(fā)達水平后,相對富裕的地方居民從收入水平提高帶來的邊際效用逐漸降低,從環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善帶來的邊際效用逐漸增強,所以在這一階段,地方政府面對不斷攀升的污染治理成本以及自身經(jīng)濟實力的增強,對環(huán)境污染型企業(yè)逐漸采取了摒棄的態(tài)度。因此,以本文的視角,“騰籠換鳥”、“承接轉(zhuǎn)移”是處于不同發(fā)展階段的地方政府的“理性”選擇。最后,文章提出了希望有效監(jiān)督規(guī)范地方政府行為；優(yōu)化引資結(jié)構(gòu)、提升外資產(chǎn)業(yè)層次；明確自身區(qū)域定位、發(fā)展各有側(cè)重；積極鼓勵中國企業(yè)“走出去”的政策建議。
[Abstract]:With the economic globalization is among regions to attract foreign direct investment inflows in the keen competition, China as foreign capital, has experienced thirty years of rapid economic growth, the formation of foreign investment is mainly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas, regional investment patterns decline to the Midwest. Development in various regions in the process of ascension, we found in Guangdong Jiangsu and other places, the polluting industries into the phenomenon, namely "tenglonghuanniao": at the same time in the Midwest Chinese appeared in some industries "undertake the transfer". This paper takes these two phenomena as the entrance, the subject of this article is to explore the mechanism of metastasis caused by FDI Industrial Agglomeration in the regional problems.
First of all, this paper expounds the present situation and features of the current development of China's FDI including: the emergence of the "bird cage", "undertake new transfer"; still maintain the momentum of rapid growth; agglomeration with regional regional government to attract the preferential policies of FDI; FDI into the industrial structure of our country and the adverse effects of the regional economic structure. Then, based on the present characteristics, choice of industrial transfer theory and the theory of FDI location, found that the regional industrial transfer process of local government behavior in FDI caused by inter plays an important role. In the model of reasoning, behavior mechanism of local government is reflected in: first in it, the allocation of limited self investment tends to be more direct way to improve the economic level, the reason is that relatively speaking, the quality of the construction environment is indirect contribution to economic growth; second. The behavior of local governments at different stages of economic development is different. When the incomes of local residents are higher, the more attention the local governments invest in public goods such as environmental governance, the less they will pursue GDP growth.
Then, through the core variables -- the strength of environmental regulation of local government (a measure of the local government act) and the local industrial agglomeration (a measure of the local industrial agglomeration degree) to construct the measurement model to explain the region of the FDI. The attraction and the East, in the west, after the data to verify, we are more convinced: behavior mechanism the local government is not the same in different periods of economic development, in the relatively low level of economic development, the local government and residents in need through investment in the development of the local economy, increase income, improve the level of industrialization, so they can take down the local ecological environmental quality to a certain extent; when the local economy "among the" the more developed level, relatively affluent local residents from the income level of the marginal utility has gradually decreased, improve the marginal utility brought by the environmental quality Increased gradually, so at this stage, the local government in the face of the rising cost of pollution and enhance their economic strength, environmental pollution enterprises gradually taken away the attitude. Therefore, this paper from the perspective of "tenglonghuanniao", "undertake the transfer" is selected in the different stages of development of the local the government's "rational". Finally, this paper puts forward the effective supervision to regulate the behavior of local government; optimize the investment structure, enhance the level of foreign industry; its regional development orientation, each focusing on Chinese; actively encourage enterprises "going out" of the policy recommendations.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F279.2;F832.6

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