本文關(guān)鍵詞：評(píng)析20世紀(jì)70-90年代美國(guó)金融自由化改革　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 金融自由化改革 利率自由化 混業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng) 金融控股公司 虛擬經(jīng)濟(jì)

【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)70年代起，美國(guó)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)發(fā)生巨大變化：70年代經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)和經(jīng)濟(jì)“滯漲”；布雷頓森林體系崩潰；經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化迅速發(fā)展；美國(guó)分業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的衰落；歐洲金融創(chuàng)新及美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)金融機(jī)構(gòu)為逃避監(jiān)管層出不窮的金融創(chuàng)新。這些都對(duì)美國(guó)自30年代以來(lái)形成的金融制度造成巨大沖擊。傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)家干預(yù)式的凱恩斯主義政策顯得無(wú)能為力，在此時(shí)新自由主義政策的興起提供了金融自由化的藥方，而科技的發(fā)展，電子計(jì)算機(jī)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的進(jìn)步又為金融自由化了提供技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。20世紀(jì)70年代美國(guó)開(kāi)始啟動(dòng)金融自由化改革進(jìn)程，到1999年，美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)《金融現(xiàn)代化服務(wù)法案》，該法案奠定了美國(guó)金融自由化的制度基礎(chǔ)，從而成為美國(guó)金融法律發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要里程碑，標(biāo)志著美國(guó)金融自由化改革的基本結(jié)束。美國(guó)金融自由化改革主要表現(xiàn)在利率自由化、金融服務(wù)貿(mào)易自由化、金融機(jī)構(gòu)混業(yè)化等方面。這個(gè)進(jìn)程持續(xù)了近30年的時(shí)間，引領(lǐng)著世界范圍內(nèi)金融自由化的發(fā)展并成為世界各國(guó)金融自由化改革的楷模。金融自由化改革使美國(guó)金融控股迅速發(fā)展，美國(guó)虛擬經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展，使美國(guó)成為金融國(guó)家，加強(qiáng)了美國(guó)的金融霸權(quán)。然而在2007年金融危機(jī)開(kāi)始在美國(guó)金融機(jī)構(gòu)蔓延開(kāi)來(lái)，，并在2008年達(dá)到高峰，此次危機(jī)從金融體系快速傳遞到實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)，給美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)乃至全球經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)巨大損失，也暴露了金融自由化帶來(lái)的很多弊端，時(shí)至今日，美國(guó)仍沒(méi)有擺脫次貸危機(jī)帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。本文試以歷史角度分析美國(guó)金融自由化的背景，梳理美國(guó)金融自由化的進(jìn)程，評(píng)價(jià)美國(guó)金融自由化的利弊，以期總結(jié)出美國(guó)金融自由化的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)，從而獲得一些有利于中國(guó)金融自由化進(jìn)程的有益啟示。
[Abstract]:Since 1970s, great changes have taken place in the economic situation of the United States and the world. The collapse of the Bretton Woods system; The rapid development of economic globalization; The decline of American separate operation; Financial innovation in Europe and financial innovation in the United States as a means of avoiding regulation. All of these have had a huge impact on the financial system that has formed in the United States since 30s. The traditional state intervention Keynesian master. Policy seems powerless. At this time, the rise of neoliberal policies provided a prescription for financial liberalization, while the development of science and technology. The progress of computer and network provided the technical foundation for financial liberalization. In 70s, the United States began the process of financial liberalization reform, until 1999. The US Congress passed the Financial Modernization Services Act, which laid the institutional foundation of the financial liberalization of the United States, and thus became an important milestone in the development of American financial law. It marks the end of the financial liberalization reform in the United States, which is mainly manifested in the liberalization of interest rates and the liberalization of trade in financial services. This process has been going on for nearly 30 years. It leads the development of financial liberalization in the world and becomes the model of financial liberalization reform in various countries in the world. The financial liberalization reform makes the financial holding of the United States develop rapidly and the fictitious economy of the United States develops rapidly. In 2007, however, the financial crisis began to spread in the United States financial institutions, and reached its peak in 2008. The crisis from the financial system to the real economy, to the United States economy and even the global economy brought huge losses, but also exposed the financial liberalization brought many drawbacks, to this day. This paper tries to analyze the background of American financial liberalization from a historical point of view, comb the process of American financial liberalization, and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of American financial liberalization. In order to sum up the experience and lessons of American financial liberalization, we can get some beneficial enlightenment for China's financial liberalization process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F837.12

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