發(fā)布時間：2018-03-07 11:15

  本文選題：人格權(quán)　切入點：姓名權(quán)商品化　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,商業(yè)活動的頻繁以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,人格權(quán)商品化現(xiàn)象越來越普遍。姓名權(quán)作為人格權(quán)中的一項具體人格權(quán),也頻繁的被商業(yè)化利用。在現(xiàn)實生活中,各種姓名廣告、姓名商標(biāo)以及姓名域名充斥著人們的生活,姓名權(quán)商品化過程中通過商品化的姓名權(quán)這一權(quán)利載體也凸顯出交換價值和使用價值。隨之而來的是對姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化利用過程中的各種侵權(quán)問題,由于我國目前在理論和實踐中對姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化利用的保護不足,導(dǎo)致權(quán)利人的合法權(quán)利得不到及時有效地救濟,如何更好地保護姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化利用問題成為在人格權(quán)商品化背景法律制度的使命。姓名權(quán)商品化是市場經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果,在商品經(jīng)濟不發(fā)達(dá)的時代,由于缺乏對人格利益的財產(chǎn)評價機制,因此不存在姓名權(quán)商品化的現(xiàn)象。姓名權(quán)商品化是時代發(fā)展的要求,在姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化利用的過程中,基于自然人姓名要素的人格特性和商業(yè)利用過程中凸顯的經(jīng)濟價值,商品化的姓名權(quán)其實蘊含了精神與財產(chǎn)的雙重利益。如何更好的保護其中的雙重利益,理論界也提出了各種路徑來解決其所帶來的問題,代表性的有傳統(tǒng)人格權(quán)路徑、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)路徑和財產(chǎn)權(quán)(二元)權(quán)利路徑。財產(chǎn)權(quán)(二元)權(quán)利的觀點大膽的突破了人格權(quán)與財產(chǎn)權(quán)體系的藩籬。將姓名權(quán)商品化產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟利益從人格權(quán)制度的控制下解放出來,給它披上了財產(chǎn)權(quán)的外衣,讓姓名權(quán)橫跨人格權(quán)和財產(chǎn)權(quán)兩大體系,可以說是解決姓名權(quán)商品化保護問題的一次大膽嘗試。對姓名權(quán)商品化的保護最終要落實到權(quán)利之上,通過姓名權(quán)商品化過程中確立商品化的姓名權(quán),從而將自然人的合法權(quán)益歸于權(quán)利上進(jìn)行保護。然而我國目前對姓名權(quán)商品化的保護在立法和實踐中都缺乏系統(tǒng)的規(guī)定,雖然在一些法律條文中可以找到保護姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化利用的依據(jù),但是面對姓名權(quán)商業(yè)利用的浪潮,這些遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠；在司法實踐中法院的判決也往往對姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化的保護模棱兩可。結(jié)合我國對姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化保護的現(xiàn)狀,我國對姓名權(quán)商業(yè)利用的保護主要兩大問題：第一,商品化的姓名權(quán)中財產(chǎn)利益保護不完善；第二,商品化的姓名權(quán)中精神利益保護不完善。從世界各國來看,對姓名權(quán)商品化保護具有代表性的國家是美國和德國。美國主要采取了隱私權(quán)和公開權(quán)分立的方式,即二元保護模式；而德國采取了一元保護模式,即在人格權(quán)體系下,通過擴充人格權(quán)的內(nèi)容,承認(rèn)人格權(quán)中存在的經(jīng)濟利益來保護姓名權(quán)的商品化。兩國都是根據(jù)本國的實際情況,制定了符合本國國情的保護體系,這就告訴我們在進(jìn)行姓名權(quán)商品化保護時,要結(jié)合我國的國情,吸收和借鑒兩國的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗。為完善我國姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化的民法保護,我們一方面要在財產(chǎn)權(quán)(二元)權(quán)利體系下尋求突破口,在財產(chǎn)權(quán)(二元)權(quán)利體系下,將商品化的姓名權(quán)區(qū)分為財產(chǎn)性姓名權(quán)和人格性姓名權(quán)進(jìn)行區(qū)別保護,從而加強對其雙重利益的保護。另一方面,在加強姓名權(quán)商品化保護的同時,明確姓名權(quán)商業(yè)化利用的界限,這樣才能有效的保護權(quán)利的合法權(quán)利,維護社會經(jīng)濟秩序。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the rapid development of network technology and the frequent commercial activities, more and more common phenomenon of the commercialization of personality rights. The right to name as a personal right of a specific right of personality, is also frequent commercial use. In real life, a variety of names and name domain name trademark advertising, full of people life, the right of name in the commercialization process of commercialization of right of name also highlights the exchange value and use value through the right carrier. Followed by the name of commercial use right infringement of various problems in the process, due to China's protection in theory and practice of the right to use the commercial name, cause the obligee's rights are not relief timely and effectively, how to better protect the right of the name of commercial use becomes in the commercialization of personality rights legal system background mission. Taking the right of name Product is the inevitable result of the development of market economy, the commodity economy era, due to the lack of property evaluation mechanism of personality interests, so there is no phenomenon of the commercialization of right of name. The commercialization of right of name is a development of the times, in the name of commercial use of the process, highlighting the elements of the name of a natural person. The process of personality characteristics and commercial use of economic value based on the commercialization of right of name in fact contains a double benefit spirit and property. How to better protect the interests of both the theoretical circles also put forward a path to solve the problem brought by the traditional personality right path representation, path of intellectual property rights and the property rights path (two yuan) (two yuan). Property rights view bold breakthrough personality right and property right system barriers. The economic benefits will the commercialization of right of name generated from the personality right system Under the control of liberation, clothed it in the property of the coat, let the name right across the personality right and property right system two, can be said to be a bold attempt to solve the problem of the commercialization of right of name protection. Protection of the name of the commercialization of right to rights, through the establishment of commercialization the right of name right of name in the commercialization process, thus the nature of the legitimate rights and interests to rights protection. However, our current protection of the commercialization of right of name in the legislation and practice are lack of systematic regulations, although in some legal provisions can be found in the protection of the right of name of commercial use of the basis, but in the face of the right to name the commercial use of the wave, which is not enough; in judicial practice, the court's decision is often the right of name commercial protection. With the current situation of ready to accept either course of commercial name right protection in China, China The right to name the commercial use of the protection of two major problems: first, the commercialization of right of name in the protection of property interests is not perfect; second, the commercialization of right of name in the spiritual interests is not perfect. From around the world, the representative of the commercialization of right of name protection in the United States and Germany. The United States has mainly adopted the right of privacy and the public powers in the way, that is two yuan protection mode; and Germany adopted a yuan protection mode, namely in the system of personality right, personality right through the expansion of the content, to admit the existence of the right of personality in the economic interests to protect the right of name of commodity. The two countries are based on their actual situation, formulate the protection system in line with national conditions, this tells us in the commercialization of right of name protection, should be combined with China's national conditions, to absorb and learn advanced experience of the two countries. In order to improve the commercial name of our country civil rights Law protection, we must in the property right (two yuan) to seek a breakthrough in the property rights system, rights system (two yuan), the commercial name right from the property right of name and personal name right of protection, so as to strengthen the protection of the double benefits. On the other hand and in the strengthening of the commercialization of right of name protection at the same time, clear boundaries of right of name of commercial use, so the protection of the rights to effective legal rights, to safeguard social and economic order.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923

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本文編號：1579055