本文選題：高溫大排量有桿泵　切入點：噴焊粉末　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：稠油是21世紀(jì)重要的石油資源，占石油剩余可采儲量比例越來越高，目前全球為53%，國內(nèi)為40%，因技術(shù)原因大多未能開發(fā)。遼河油田是我國最大的稠油生產(chǎn)基地，隨著水平井、SAGD、蒸汽驅(qū)等技術(shù)在遼河油田的迅猛發(fā)展，高溫高產(chǎn)液油井急劇增多，采油成本升高。為滿足SAGD、水平井等新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，同時降低采油成本，，有必要對有桿泵舉升系統(tǒng)進行技術(shù)改進，開發(fā)具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)且加工制造成本較低的“高溫大排量有桿泵舉升系統(tǒng)”。本文對高溫大排量有桿泵舉升系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進行了研究，并進行了大量的現(xiàn)場試驗，具體研究內(nèi)容如下： 1.對柱塞內(nèi)表面進行了噴焊處理，利用熱噴焊工藝方法，通過系列試驗確定了噴焊粉末成分。利用里氏硬度計，按照國標(biāo)GB/T18607-2008的試驗方法，對柱塞內(nèi)表面的噴焊層進行了硬度測試，將測試結(jié)果換成洛氏硬度。結(jié)果表明：柱塞表面硬度由處理前的(52~54)HRC提高至(55~58)HRC，提高了大約5.8%~7.4%左右，表明柱塞表面的耐磨性有所提高。 2.對泵筒內(nèi)表面進行了電鍍鉻處理。利用立式連續(xù)鍍的方法制備鍍鉻層，使用浮標(biāo)式氣動量儀，按照國標(biāo)GB/T18607-2008的方法對泵筒內(nèi)表面進行直線度檢測。檢測結(jié)果表明：泵筒內(nèi)表面直線度由鍍鉻前的0~0.05mm提高到0~0.04mm，泵筒內(nèi)表面鍍鉻層尺寸精度符合使用要求。 3.將脫接器在井下的受力狀態(tài)簡化為懸臂梁，計算撓度及轉(zhuǎn)角的理論值，進而對脫接器進行了結(jié)構(gòu)上的改進使之可滿足SAGD井最大井斜角度(60°)的需求，并且試驗井的檢泵周期達(dá)到了一年以上。此外，利用計算軟件，對油井進行機、桿、泵優(yōu)化設(shè)計，得到了抽油桿、抽油泵、油管、泵深、沖程、沖次等的優(yōu)化參數(shù)，并使得單井產(chǎn)量得到了提升。最后，通過對泵效影響因素進行分析及理論計算，確定了泵筒與柱塞的最佳間隙配合比為0.18mm，從而可使平均泵效提高到71.5%。 4.以Φ140mm薄壁泵筒為例進行受力分析，分別在泵筒不變形條件下，計算了泵筒不發(fā)生變性的極限長度；并且按照國標(biāo)GB/T18607-2008規(guī)定，確定了泵筒受力狀態(tài)為薄殼問題，并進行了內(nèi)壓薄壁殼體強度計算。計算結(jié)果表明：薄壁泵筒厚度h≥3.98mm才能夠滿足強度要求。此外，采用內(nèi)壓薄壁殼體徑向位移的計算方法，得出得泵筒徑向位移為0.034mm，為合理設(shè)計泵筒與柱塞間隙，提高抽油泵泵效提供設(shè)計依據(jù)。 5.經(jīng)過以上關(guān)鍵技術(shù)改進后，從2012年至今，對107井次的高溫大排量有桿泵進行了現(xiàn)場試驗，平均泵效60%，脫接器的脫接成功率達(dá)到了98%，總體應(yīng)用效果良好。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, heavy oil is an important oil resource, accounting for a higher and higher proportion of remaining recoverable oil reserves. At present, there are 53 heavy oil reserves in the world and 40 in China, most of which have not been developed for technical reasons. Liaohe Oilfield is the largest heavy oil production base in China. With the rapid development of horizontal well sag, steam drive and other technologies in Liaohe Oilfield, the oil wells with high temperature and high yield have increased sharply and the oil recovery cost has increased. In order to meet the needs of the application of new technologies such as sag d and horizontal wells, and at the same time to reduce the production cost, It is necessary to improve the lifting system of rod pump. In this paper, the key technology of high temperature and large displacement rod pump lifting system with high temperature and large displacement has been studied, and a lot of field tests have been carried out. The specific contents of the study are as follows:. 1. The internal surface of the plunger was treated by spray welding, and the composition of the spray welding powder was determined by series of tests by using the hot spray welding technology. According to the test method of the national standard GB/T18607-2008, the composition of the spray welding powder was determined by using the Riemann hardness meter. The hardness of the spray welding layer on the inner surface of the plunger was tested, and the results were replaced by Rockwell hardness. The results show that the hardness of the plunger surface has been increased from 52U 54HRC to 55558 HRC, which is about 5.8%, indicating that the wear resistance of the plunger surface has been improved. 2. Chromium plating was carried out on the inner surface of pump cylinder. The chromium plating layer was prepared by vertical continuous plating, and the float pneumatic meter was used. The straightness of the inner surface of the pump cylinder was measured according to the GB/T18607-2008 method of national standard. The results showed that the straightness of the inner surface of the pump cylinder was increased from 0 ~ 0. 05 mm before chromium plating to 0 ~ 0. 04 mm, and the dimensional accuracy of chromium plating layer on the inner surface of the pump barrel met the requirements of application. 3. The mechanical state of the deconnector in the downhole is simplified as a cantilever beam, and the theoretical values of deflection and rotation angle are calculated, and then the demultiplexer is improved in structure so that it can meet the requirements of the maximum deviation angle of SAGD well (60 擄). In addition, the optimum design parameters of sucker rod, sucker rod, tubing, pump depth, stroke and impingement are obtained by using the calculation software to optimize the design of the oil well, the rod, the sucker pump, the tubing, the pump depth, the stroke and the impingement. Finally, through the analysis and theoretical calculation of the influencing factors of pump efficiency, the optimum clearance mix ratio of pump barrel and plunger is determined to be 0.18 mm, thus the average pump efficiency can be raised to 71.5 mm. 4. Taking 桅 140mm thin wall pump cylinder as an example, the ultimate length of the cylinder is calculated under the condition of no deformation, and the force state of the pump cylinder is determined to be a thin shell problem according to the national standard GB/T18607-2008. The strength of thin-walled shell under internal pressure is calculated. The results show that the thickness of thin-walled pump cylinder h 鈮

本文編號：1571946