本文關(guān)鍵詞： 商業(yè)秘密權(quán) 私法保護(hù) 損害賠償　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：作為一種具有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的信息，商業(yè)秘密對(duì)于企業(yè)的發(fā)展以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的前進(jìn)具有重大的意義。經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展變化，更多的事物被民法所關(guān)注，商業(yè)秘密也因其具有一定的特殊性，亟需尋求法律上的肯定和保護(hù)。本文立足于現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，深入剖析商業(yè)秘密背后的權(quán)利本質(zhì)。以求找尋到最適宜的方式，保護(hù)商業(yè)秘密不受侵犯。 商業(yè)秘密在我國的法律規(guī)定中一直作為一種法益規(guī)定在《反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法》中。而深入分析商業(yè)秘密，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)商業(yè)秘密更適合作為一種法律上的私權(quán)利——商業(yè)秘密權(quán)予以保護(hù)。從商業(yè)秘密到商業(yè)秘密權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)了法益權(quán)利化的跨越。商業(yè)秘密權(quán)作為一種私權(quán)利，從權(quán)利性質(zhì)上來講屬于知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的一種。由于商業(yè)秘密權(quán)自身的特殊性，不僅兼具知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的一般特征，更具相對(duì)專有性和時(shí)限不確定等特點(diǎn)。商業(yè)秘密的法律保護(hù)經(jīng)歷了從合同理論到知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)理論的幾個(gè)階段。通過理論基礎(chǔ)分析，，我們認(rèn)為商業(yè)秘密權(quán)適于通過知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)理論予以保護(hù)。明晰了商業(yè)秘密權(quán)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)性質(zhì)，作為一項(xiàng)私權(quán)利，依照我國現(xiàn)行的商業(yè)秘密法益進(jìn)行保護(hù)有很多不足。商業(yè)秘密權(quán)是一種私權(quán)利，最適宜通過私法進(jìn)行保護(hù)，能夠最大限度的體現(xiàn)意思自治，保障權(quán)利人的權(quán)益。但是對(duì)一項(xiàng)權(quán)利完整的保護(hù)并不是單獨(dú)依靠某一部門法，而是應(yīng)該建立全方位的法律保護(hù)體系。在確立私法保護(hù)基礎(chǔ)地位的前提下，充分發(fā)揮刑法與行政法的輔助作用，更好的保護(hù)商業(yè)秘密權(quán)。 我國關(guān)于商業(yè)秘密權(quán)的規(guī)定散見于各個(gè)部門法之中，沒有一個(gè)完整的保護(hù)制度。在明確了商業(yè)秘密權(quán)私權(quán)本質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上，在私法中構(gòu)建出商業(yè)秘密權(quán)保護(hù)制度。尤其重要的是界定商業(yè)秘密權(quán)保護(hù)范圍，對(duì)技術(shù)秘密、經(jīng)營秘密與其他秘密進(jìn)行充分分析，界定出哪些應(yīng)該由商業(yè)秘密權(quán)予以保護(hù)。商業(yè)秘密權(quán)由于具有秘密性，因此在確定商業(yè)秘密權(quán)保護(hù)范圍的時(shí)候需要充分考慮相關(guān)因素。在權(quán)利保護(hù)與相對(duì)人自由之間尋找平衡點(diǎn)，既能夠充分保障商業(yè)秘密權(quán)利人的合法權(quán)益，又不至于侵犯其他人的合法權(quán)益。這就需要對(duì)商業(yè)秘密權(quán)加以合理限制。商業(yè)秘密權(quán)同其他權(quán)利一樣，無救濟(jì)則無權(quán)利可言，因此商業(yè)秘密權(quán)救濟(jì)制度是對(duì)權(quán)利的保障。商業(yè)秘密權(quán)侵權(quán)問題，主要研究的是侵權(quán)責(zé)任歸責(zé)原則和損害賠償問題。侵害商業(yè)秘密權(quán)的侵權(quán)責(zé)任歸責(zé)原則主要是過錯(cuò)責(zé)任原則和過錯(cuò)推定原則兩方面。主觀過錯(cuò)應(yīng)該作為認(rèn)定侵犯商業(yè)秘密權(quán)的要件之一，以保障相對(duì)人的行動(dòng)自由。但是又考慮到商業(yè)秘密侵權(quán)的秘密性導(dǎo)致的舉證困難，需要將過錯(cuò)的舉證責(zé)任在當(dāng)事雙方之間合理分配，才能達(dá)到更好的效果。商業(yè)秘密侵權(quán)最難解決的就是損害賠償問題。由于商業(yè)秘密權(quán)被侵犯可能造成巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，如何實(shí)際補(bǔ)損成為研究重點(diǎn)。立足于我國司法現(xiàn)狀，應(yīng)該構(gòu)建侵犯商業(yè)秘密權(quán)的法定賠償額制度。這一制度建立能夠有效解決賠償緩慢以及賠償不足的問題。另外我國對(duì)于懲罰性損害賠償規(guī)定的缺失，也可以結(jié)合法定賠償制度予以解決。 通過對(duì)商業(yè)秘密權(quán)的全面分析和研究，認(rèn)定商業(yè)秘密權(quán)應(yīng)該在法律上予以確立。應(yīng)明確其私權(quán)性質(zhì)，并構(gòu)建相應(yīng)的權(quán)利保障制度。商業(yè)秘密權(quán)在重新整合和完善之后，不僅能夠得到更好地保護(hù)，而且必定在未來的私法體系改革中起到開拓作用。商業(yè)秘密權(quán)在私法的保護(hù)下也必將大放異彩，為社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:As a kind of economic value of information, business secret is of great significance for the development of enterprises and the economic and social progress. The development of the economy, more and more things to be civil law concern, but also because of the business secret has some particularity, it is necessary to seek affirmation and protection of the law. This article is based on the reality based on in-depth analysis of the nature of right of business secret behind. In order to find the most appropriate way to protect commercial secrets from infringement.
Business secrets in China's laws and regulations have been stipulated in the law as a "law against unfair competition. And in-depth analysis of commercial secrets, we found that the business secret is more suitable as a kind of private legal rights -- the right of commercial secret protection. From the commercial secret to realize the right of commercial secret rights law the leap. Business secret rights as a kind of private right, from the nature of intellectual property rights belong to one. Because of the particularity of the trade secret right itself, not only has the general characteristics of intellectual property rights, more exclusive and time characteristics of relative uncertainty. The legal protection of commercial secrets from the experience of the several stages of contract theory to intellectual property theory. Through the analysis of the theory, we believe that the right of commercial secret for protected by intellectual property theory. Clarify the nature of intellectual property rights as the right of commercial secret. A private right, in accordance with the interests of the trade secret law in our country the current protection has some shortcomings. The trade secret right is a private right, the most suitable for protection by law, can reflect the autonomy to maximize the protection of the rights of human rights. But for a complete rights protection is not to rely solely on a department of law, but the legal protection system should be established in all directions. In the precondition of establishing private law protection status, fully play the supporting role of criminal law and administrative law, the protection of commercial secret right better.
China's regulations on trade secret rights referring to each department, not a complete protection system. The basic right of commercial secret rights nature, construct the business secret protection system of the right in the private law. It is particularly important to define the scope of protection of business secrets, the technical secrets and business secrets the full analysis and other secret, define what should be protected by trade secret rights. The right of commercial secret because of the secrecy, therefore in determining the protection scope of business secret rights need to fully consider related factors. Looking for the balance between the protection of the rights and the relative freedom, can fully protect the legitimate rights of trade secrets right, and not infringe other people's legitimate rights and interests. It needs to be reasonable restrictions on trade secret right. Trade secret rights and other rights, no relief, no right A profit, so the business secret rights relief system is the safeguard of rights. The right of commercial secret infringement, is the main problem of the imputation principle of tort liability and compensation for damages. The imputation principles of infringement liability for infringement of trade secret right is mainly the principle of fault liability and fault presumption principle two. Should be identified as one of the subjective fault the elements of infringement of business secret rights, in order to protect the relative people's freedom of action. But considering the difficulties of proof secret commercial secret infringement caused by the need to be between the burden of proof in the fault of the parties reasonably, in order to achieve better results. Compensation for infringement of trade secrets is the most difficult to resolve because of commercial damage. Secret rights have been violated may cause huge economic losses, how the actual loss becomes the focus of study. Based on the legal status of our country, we should construct infringement of trade secret right The system of statutory compensation is established. This system can effectively solve the problem of slow compensation and insufficient compensation. Besides, the lack of punitive damages in China can also be solved by combining the statutory compensation system.
Through a comprehensive analysis and Research on trade secret rights, identification of business secret rights should be established in law. It should be clear private property rights protection system, and construct the corresponding business secret rights. After the re integration and improvement, not only can get better protection, and will in the future in the private law system reform to explore the role of business secret rights in private law. The protection will also shine, make a great contribution to the development of socialist market economy.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.294

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