本文選題：回族 + 習(xí)慣　； 參考：《天津商業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的多民族國家，由于歷史、地理、人文環(huán)境和生活習(xí)俗的不同，各民族、地區(qū)之間形成了自己特有的文化和行為習(xí)慣，而且有些習(xí)慣一直被保留和傳承�；刈迨俏覈贁�(shù)民族中人口較多的民族之一，同時(shí)也是分布最廣的少數(shù)民族，全民信仰伊斯蘭教，回族成員都必須嚴(yán)格地遵守和執(zhí)行以《古蘭經(jīng)》和“圣訓(xùn)”為基本內(nèi)容的傳統(tǒng)伊斯蘭教法，形成了一種獨(dú)特的內(nèi)控性生活秩序，這在某種意義上可稱之為是一種“活法”。這種獨(dú)特的回族習(xí)慣對(duì)我國民族自治地方的法律制度產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響，尤其是在民事領(lǐng)域。 本文運(yùn)用規(guī)范分析、案例分析、比較分析、實(shí)證分析的研究方法，從回族習(xí)慣對(duì)立法活動(dòng)、司法活動(dòng)、民事行為模式三方面的影響進(jìn)行分析。首先，我國相關(guān)的法律、行政法規(guī)等國家立法對(duì)某些回族習(xí)慣予以承認(rèn)和保障，另外，由于我國民族自治地方擁有一定的立法自治權(quán)，可以根據(jù)本地區(qū)少數(shù)民族的特點(diǎn)對(duì)法律進(jìn)行變通或補(bǔ)充，于是，便可用自治立法的方式對(duì)某些回族習(xí)慣進(jìn)行采納和吸收。其次，在我國民族自治地方的民事司法活動(dòng)中，如果案件涉及到回族習(xí)慣，但進(jìn)行判決又沒有明確的法律依據(jù)時(shí)，法官有時(shí)也會(huì)把回族習(xí)慣考慮進(jìn)來并據(jù)此進(jìn)行判案，從而運(yùn)用司法判決的形式對(duì)回族習(xí)慣進(jìn)行一種確認(rèn)。此外，還有某些回族習(xí)慣既沒有以立法的形式來表現(xiàn)，也沒有相應(yīng)的司法判例對(duì)其進(jìn)行確認(rèn)，但仍然實(shí)實(shí)在在地存在于回族穆斯林的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，并對(duì)我國民族自治地方的民事行為模式產(chǎn)生了影響。 筆者認(rèn)為，我國在立法活動(dòng)中要充分尊重民族自治地方的立法自治權(quán)，，妥善處理國家一般法與民族自治地方特別法之間的關(guān)系；在司法審判活動(dòng)中，要注重習(xí)慣等非正式法律淵源的運(yùn)用，在不違背法律原則前提下做到原則性與靈活性的統(tǒng)一；要樹立法律多元化的理念，重視國家法與民間法的良性互動(dòng)，從而促進(jìn)民族自治地方的法治建設(shè)，維護(hù)民族地區(qū)的和諧穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China is a unified multi-ethnic country. Due to the differences of history, geography, humanistic environment and living customs, different nationalities and regions have formed their own unique culture and behavior habits, and some habits have been preserved and passed on. The Hui nationality is one of the most populous ethnic groups among the ethnic minorities in our country, and it is also the most widely distributed ethnic minority. The whole people believe in Islam. The members of the Hui nationality must strictly abide by and enforce the traditional Islamic law, which is based on the Koran and the commandment, and has formed a unique order of internal controlled sexual life, which in a sense can be called a "living law". This unique custom of the Hui nationality has exerted a profound influence on the legal system of our national autonomous areas, especially in the field of civil affairs. This paper uses the methods of normative analysis, case analysis, comparative analysis and empirical analysis to analyze the influence of Hui custom on legislative activities, judicial activities and civil behavior patterns. First of all, the relevant laws, administrative regulations and other national legislation of our country recognize and protect certain Hui customs. In addition, because our national autonomous areas have certain legislative autonomy, The law can be adapted or supplemented according to the characteristics of local minorities, so some Hui customs can be adopted and absorbed by means of autonomous legislation. Secondly, in the civil judicial activities in our national autonomous areas, if the case involves the customs of the Hui nationality, but there is no clear legal basis for the decision, the judge sometimes takes the custom of the Hui nationality into account and decides a case accordingly. Thus, the form of judicial decision is used to confirm the custom of Hui nationality. In addition, there are still some Hui customs that have not been expressed in the form of legislation or confirmed by corresponding judicial precedents, but still exist in the real life of Hui Muslims. And to our country national autonomous area civil behavior pattern produced the influence. In my opinion, in our legislative activities, we should fully respect the legislative autonomy of national autonomous areas, properly handle the relationship between the general law of the state and the special law of national autonomous areas. We should pay attention to the use of informal sources of law, such as custom, and achieve the unity of principle and flexibility on the premise of not violating the legal principles, establish the concept of legal pluralism, and attach importance to the positive interaction between state law and folk law. In order to promote the rule of law in ethnic autonomous areas, maintain the harmonious stability and development of ethnic areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D927

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