本文選題：涉外法定繼承 + 涉外遺囑繼承��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國際貿(mào)易和涉外婚姻等涉外民商事關(guān)系的不斷發(fā)展,涉外繼承關(guān)系也在快速地發(fā)展著。一方面,由于此種關(guān)系不僅關(guān)乎到死者生前財產(chǎn)所有權(quán)的延伸,而且關(guān)系到家庭人口再生產(chǎn)及婚姻家庭關(guān)系的團結(jié)與穩(wěn)定。因此,各國都非常重視該領(lǐng)域的法律適用規(guī)則的制定；另一方面,由于各國的歷史文化傳統(tǒng)和道德觀念乃至宗教信仰等方面的巨大差異,彼此之間關(guān)于涉外繼承的法律適用規(guī)則沖突異常激烈。迄今為止,國際社會尚無關(guān)于涉外繼承的國際統(tǒng)一實體規(guī)范可供遵循。有鑒于此,我國也非常重視涉外繼承的法律適用規(guī)則的制定,先后通過《民法通則》以及《繼承法》等相關(guān)的民事法律,針對涉外繼承的法律適用給出了明確的規(guī)定。但是,長期以來,我國上述法律僅規(guī)定了涉外法定繼承的法律適用規(guī)則,而從未對涉外遺囑繼承之法律適用作出過任何規(guī)定。雖然2011年施行的《中華人民共和國涉外民事關(guān)系法律適用法》(下文簡稱《法律適用法》)中,針對涉外繼承的相關(guān)規(guī)定作了詳細闡述,表明了其適用范圍,不過卻存在著諸多不盡如意的地方,實有專門研究之必要。故,本人以“論我國涉外繼承的法律適用”作為選題,試圖基于涉外繼承的基本理論闡釋,在揭示我國《法律適用法》關(guān)于涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定的基本特點的同時,剖析該法關(guān)于涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定的主要缺憾,并對如何完善該法律規(guī)定提出了自己的見解。本文主要包括以下4個部分：第一部分,闡釋涉外繼承法律適用的基本理論。首先,針對涉外繼承的相關(guān)概念及法律類型做了介紹。涉外繼承的概念就是具有繼承關(guān)系的各方或是與之有聯(lián)系的要素里,其中一個要素與外國或外法域發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)的繼承制度或者繼承程序的總稱。涉外繼承有法定和遺囑之分。其次,依次闡述了涉外法定繼承和涉外遺囑繼承的法律沖突。最后,論述了國際社會關(guān)于涉外繼承的法律適用規(guī)則。其目的在于通過比較研究之方法,分析我國關(guān)于涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定的特點和缺憾,并為研討我國關(guān)于涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定的完善提供基本素材。第二部分,闡述我國關(guān)于涉外繼承法律適用規(guī)則的法律淵源與基本特點。我國關(guān)于涉外繼承法律適用的的界定是來源于《民法通則》第149條、《繼承法》第36條和《法律適用法》第31—第35條。上述法律規(guī)定具有如下基本特點：其一,法律適用上采用“分割制”；其二,主要將被繼承人的“經(jīng)常居所地”和“不動產(chǎn)所在地”作為確定涉外繼承準據(jù)法的連結(jié)點。第三部分,剖析我國涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定的主要缺憾。盡管時至今日我國關(guān)于涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定已經(jīng)較為完備和科學(xué),但至少在如下方面尚存在缺憾：涉外法定繼承法律適用之規(guī)定的法律條文表述不夠嚴謹且未做到“惜字如金”,法律適用規(guī)則過于簡單；涉外遺囑繼承法律適用之規(guī)定僅僅規(guī)定了“遺囑方式”和“遺囑效力”的法律適用,這是十分不夠的。不僅如此,關(guān)于涉外遺囑繼承法律適用之規(guī)定完全無視遺產(chǎn)所在地法律也是不可取的；涉外無人繼承遺產(chǎn)歸屬的法律適用之規(guī)定僅僅將“遺產(chǎn)所在地法”作為其準據(jù)法,法律適用規(guī)則太過于單一,不利于維護我國的權(quán)益。第四部分,論述完善我國涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定的構(gòu)想。我國涉外繼承法律適用之規(guī)定應(yīng)當從如下方面予以進一步完善：首先,應(yīng)將我國關(guān)于涉外法定繼承之法律適用規(guī)定為：“法定繼承,動產(chǎn)適用被繼承人死亡時的經(jīng)常居所地法律或者國籍國法律,不動產(chǎn)適用不動產(chǎn)所在地法律�！逼浯�,就涉外遺囑相關(guān)的法律適用范圍進行了規(guī)定,針對其遺囑解釋以及遺囑的變更和撤銷等相關(guān)法律的適用范圍進行闡述,并且應(yīng)當將遺產(chǎn)所在地法作為遺囑繼承的準據(jù)法之一；最后,關(guān)于無人繼承遺產(chǎn)歸屬之法律適用應(yīng)當作如下規(guī)定：“外國人和無國籍人死亡時,遺留在中國境內(nèi)的財產(chǎn),無繼承人又無受遺贈人的,適用中華人民共和國的法律。中國公民死亡時,遺留在中國境外的財產(chǎn),無繼承人又無受遺贈人的,動產(chǎn)適用中華人民共和國的法律,不動產(chǎn)適用不動產(chǎn)所在地法。中華人民共和國與有關(guān)國家之間就無人繼承遺產(chǎn)的處理有條約規(guī)定或者雙邊協(xié)定的,適用該國際條約和協(xié)定的規(guī)定�！�
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of international trade and foreign marriage and other foreign-related civil and commercial relations, the inheritance of foreign relations has also developed rapidly. On the one hand, this relationship is not only related to the extension of the property ownership before the deceased, but also to the unity and stability of the family reproduction and marriage and family relations. Therefore, all countries are very heavy. On the other hand, due to the great differences in the historical and cultural traditions, moral concepts and religious beliefs of other countries, the conflict of law application rules about the inheritance of foreign affairs is very intense. So far, the international community has no international unified substantive norms on the inheritance of foreign affairs. In view of this, our country also attaches great importance to the formulation of the law applicable to the inheritance of foreign affairs. Through the civil laws related to the general rules of the civil law and the law of inheritance, we have given a clear provision for the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign affairs. However, for a long time, the above law in our country only stipulates the legal application of the legal inheritance of foreign affairs. However, there has never been any provision for the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign will. Although in 2011, the law applicable law on the legal application of People's Republic of China's foreign-related civil relations (hereinafter referred to as the law applicable law), the relevant provisions on the inheritance of foreign affairs have been elaborated in detail, indicating the scope of its application, but there are many unsatisfactory results. It is necessary for a special study to be studied. Therefore, I take "the application of the law of China's inheritance of foreign affairs" as a topic, trying to explain the basic characteristics of the law applicable law of China on the basis of the provisions of the applicable law on the inheritance of foreign laws in China, and to analyze the provisions of the law on the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign affairs. This article mainly includes the following 4 parts: the first part is to explain the basic theory of the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign affairs. First, it introduces the related concepts and legal types of the inheritance of foreign affairs. In the elements associated with it, one of the elements associated with the foreign or external jurisdictions or the general term of the inheritance procedure. The foreign inheritance has the statutory and testament points. Secondly, the legal conflict between the legal inheritance of foreign affairs and the inheritance of foreign will is expounded in turn. Finally, the legal application of the international community on the inheritance of foreign affairs is discussed. The aim of the rule is to analyze the characteristics and shortcomings of our country's provisions on the application of the law on foreign inheritance through comparative study, and to provide basic material for the discussion of the perfection of the provisions on the application of foreign inheritance laws in our country. In the second part, the legal origin and basic characteristics of the applicable rules for the application of foreign laws in China are expounded. The definition of the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign affairs comes from the 149th articles of the general rules of the civil law, the thirty-sixth articles of the inheritance law and the thirty-first to thirty-fifth of the law applicable law. The above legal provisions have the following basic characteristics: first, the application of the "division system" to the law; and the second, the principal will be the "regular residence" and the real estate of the successor. The place "as a connecting point to determine the applicable law of the inheritance of foreign affairs. The third part, the main shortcomings of the provisions of the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign affairs in our country. Although the provisions on the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign affairs are complete and scientific today, at least there are still shortcomings in the following aspects: the application of the legal inheritance law of foreign affairs. The provisions of the provisions of the provisions of the legal provisions are not strict and do not be "precious", the application of the law is too simple; the provisions of the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign will only stipulate the application of the "will of will" and "the validity of the will", which is not enough. It is not advisable to ignore the law of the place where the heritage is located; the legal application of the legal application of the inheritance of the heritage of the people involved in the inheritance is only the law of the site of the heritage, which is too single to protect the rights and interests of our country. In the fourth part, the concept of perfecting the provisions of the application of the law on the inheritance of foreign affairs in our country is discussed. The provisions of the application of the law on foreign inheritance should be further perfected from the following aspects: first, the legal application of the legal succession of our country should be stipulated as: "legal inheritance, the application of the law of the habitual residence when the heir dies, the law of the state of nationality, the law of the place of the real property applicable to the real property." The applicable scope of the laws related to the will is stipulated, and the applicable scope of the relevant laws, such as the interpretation of the will and the change and revocation of the will, should be expounded, and the law of the site of the heritage should be regarded as one of the applicable laws of the will of the will; finally, the law application on the ownership of the uninherited inheritance should be as follows: " When a foreigner or a stateless person dies, the property left over in China, no successor and no legacies, the law of the People's Republic of China is applicable. When the Chinese citizens die, the property left over in China, no inheritors and no legacies, the law of the People's Republic of China is applicable to the movable property and the real property is applicable to the place of real estate. Law. The provisions of the international treaties and agreements are applicable to the provisions of the international treaties and agreements between People's Republic of China and the countries concerned with no one to inherit a heritage. "
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D923.5;D997

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