發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-29 19:46

  本文選題：建國(guó)初期 + 河北省　； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2003年博士論文

【摘要】： 婚姻制度是規(guī)范男女兩性關(guān)系和家庭關(guān)系的一種社會(huì)制度，影響到社會(huì)每一個(gè)人，并且它處在社會(huì)生活的表層，，是社會(huì)變遷的指示器。所以，婚姻制度問(wèn)題成為社會(huì)史研究中的重要課題之一。 本文集中研究了在建國(guó)初期婚姻制度改革過(guò)程中，河北省婚姻家庭所發(fā)生的巨大變化。全文包括前言和5章正文構(gòu)成。 前言主要介紹了選擇本課題的意義、學(xué)術(shù)史、研究理論和方法、選擇河北省作為研究對(duì)象的原因以及資料的來(lái)源。 第一章，主要介紹了婚姻制度改革前的背景。河北省長(zhǎng)期處在封建王朝統(tǒng)治的中心區(qū)域，受傳統(tǒng)倫理思想影響較深。在1950年至1956年婚姻制度改革前，河北省主要有以下3種婚姻制度：1，傳統(tǒng)婚姻制度，以強(qiáng)迫包辦、男尊女卑和漠視子女利益為特點(diǎn)，并在全省占主導(dǎo)地位；2，資產(chǎn)階級(jí)改良婚姻制度，形式上提倡男女平等和婚姻自由，實(shí)際上保留了大量的封建殘余；3，新民主主義婚姻制度，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)了男女平等和婚姻自由。不過(guò)，這3種婚姻制度的實(shí)行地域范圍不同，傳統(tǒng)婚姻制度在全省城鄉(xiāng)都占絕對(duì)主導(dǎo)地位，資產(chǎn)階級(jí)改良婚姻制度局限于城鎮(zhèn)等資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)較發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的社會(huì)上層，新民主主義婚姻制度則實(shí)行在各解放區(qū)。由于河北省多是革命老區(qū)和半老區(qū)，群眾覺(jué)悟較高，和平安定局面來(lái)臨較早，在1948年基本上完成了土地改革后，婚姻家庭糾紛大量涌現(xiàn)出來(lái)，婦女自殺被殺命案頻繁發(fā)生，婚姻家庭問(wèn)題成為一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，極大地影響了社會(huì)安定和經(jīng)濟(jì)等項(xiàng)事業(yè)的發(fā)展，改革婚姻制度已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。 第二章，介紹了新婚姻制度的構(gòu)建和河北省婚姻制度改革的過(guò)程。中華人民共和國(guó)成立后，中國(guó)社會(huì)開始全面進(jìn)入破舊立新的過(guò)渡時(shí)期。1950年5月1日，《中華人民共和國(guó)婚姻法》頒布實(shí)施后，標(biāo)志著新民主主義婚姻制度體系的建立，并為婚姻制度改革提供了法律依據(jù)和行動(dòng)目標(biāo)。此后，河北省以宣傳貫徹婚姻法為中心，廣泛深入地進(jìn)行了群眾性婚姻制度改革運(yùn)動(dòng)，大致經(jīng)過(guò)了學(xué)習(xí)和宣傳婚姻法、貫徹婚姻法運(yùn)動(dòng)月運(yùn)動(dòng)、經(jīng)常貫徹婚姻法3個(gè)階段，到1956年，基本上摧毀了封建主義婚姻制度，建立起新民主主義婚姻制度。 第三、四章，主要考察、分析了婚姻制度改革對(duì)普通民眾的影響，研究老百姓婚姻家庭生活中發(fā)生的具體變化。如，在社會(huì)觀念上，男尊女卑、“三從四德”等封建觀念逐漸瓦解，男女平等、婚姻自由等現(xiàn)代觀念逐漸深入人心，婦女有了參加各種社會(huì)活動(dòng)的自由權(quán)；婚姻目的由“上以事宗廟，下以繼后世”的家族本 WP=5 位改變?yōu)閷で蠊餐詈凸餐ぷ靼閭H的個(gè)人本位；婚姻擇偶觀從“門當(dāng)戶對(duì)”一元擇偶觀發(fā)展到以政治、勞動(dòng)、感情等為基礎(chǔ)的多元擇偶觀；改變了“父母之命，媒妁之言”的結(jié)婚方式，自由婚、半自由婚已經(jīng)成為婚姻的主要形式，包辦買賣婚姻越來(lái)越少；婦女“從一而終”和“守節(jié)”等封建觀念也得到很大改變，離婚和改嫁已成為正�，F(xiàn)象；另外，還基本上廢除了早婚、童養(yǎng)媳、重婚、納妾、婚外性關(guān)系等婚姻陋俗；在婚姻程序上，改變了傳統(tǒng)“六禮”繁文縟節(jié)和求神問(wèn)卜封建迷信等做法，逐步實(shí)行簡(jiǎn)化的文明婚禮，并建立了婚姻登記制度，把傳統(tǒng)的事實(shí)婚制轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉苫橹�；在家庭關(guān)系上，封建家長(zhǎng)制逐步減弱，家庭成員基本上實(shí)現(xiàn)了平等待遇，有的舊家庭還被改造成了民主和睦、團(tuán)結(jié)生產(chǎn)的新式家庭，特別是婦女在家庭中具有了男女權(quán)利平等的地位，甚至還獲得了重大家庭事務(wù)的決定權(quán)。當(dāng)然，婚姻制度改革還有一些不完善的地方，留有傳統(tǒng)婚姻制度的大量殘余，如婦女財(cái)產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)問(wèn)題、虐待子女以及遺棄、虐待老人等現(xiàn)象。 第五章，是結(jié)論部分，對(duì)婚姻制度改革成績(jī)和不足分別做了歸納和分析。認(rèn)為，主要在政治和法律等主觀因素的推動(dòng)和影響下，建國(guó)初期河北省婚姻制度改革基本上獲得成功，但是，婚姻制度變革根本上要受生產(chǎn)方式等客觀因素的制約，而建國(guó)初期生產(chǎn)力沒(méi)有突出的發(fā)展，個(gè)體小生產(chǎn)占主導(dǎo)地位，再加上傳統(tǒng)思想的影響等原因，還有傳統(tǒng)婚姻制度繼續(xù)生存的土壤，故新婚姻制度尚處在剛剛完成質(zhì)變階段，遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有達(dá)到完善程度。 總之，河北省通過(guò)自上而下地、有組織、有步驟地群眾運(yùn)動(dòng)方式，把婚姻制度改革深入到社會(huì)最基層，基本上建立了與傳統(tǒng)婚姻制度迥然不同的現(xiàn)代婚姻制度，極大地改變了廣大普通民眾的婚姻家庭生活，樹立起新的社會(huì)風(fēng)尚，促進(jìn)了河北省政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)生活等方面的建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Marriage system is a social system to regulate the relationship between men and women and family. It affects everyone in society, and it is on the surface of social life. It is an indicator of social change. Therefore, the problem of marriage system has become one of the important topics in the study of social history.
This article focuses on the great changes in marriage and family in Hebei during the reform of the marriage system in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The full text consists of a preface and 5 chapters.
The preface mainly introduces the significance of choosing this topic, academic history, research theories and methods, and the reasons for choosing Hebei as the research object and the source of the data.
The first chapter mainly introduces the background of the reform of the marriage system. Hebei province is in the central region of the feudal rule for a long time. It is deeply influenced by the traditional ethics. Before the reform of the marriage system from 1950 to 1956, Hebei province mainly had the following 3 kinds of marriage systems: 1, the traditional marriage system, which was forced to be organized, men and women and disregard of their children. 2, the bourgeois improved marriage system, in form, advocated equality between men and women and freedom of marriage, and in fact retained a large number of feudal remnants; and 3, the new democratic marriage system really realized equality between men and women and freedom of marriage. However, the 3 marriage systems were different in geographical scope and traditional marriage. The marriage system occupies an absolute dominant position in the urban and rural areas of the province. The improved marriage system of the bourgeoisie is limited to the upper level of the society in the more developed regions, such as cities and towns, and the new democratic marriage system is implemented in Jiefang District. Since Hebei is a revolutionary old area and a half old area, the group has a higher awareness and a peaceful and stable situation is coming earlier, in 19 After the completion of the land reform in 48 years, the marriage and family disputes have emerged in large numbers, and the suicide of women has been killed and killed frequently. The problem of marriage and family has become a serious social problem, which has greatly affected the development of social stability and economy, and the reform of the marriage system has become a top priority.
The second chapter introduces the construction of the new marriage system and the process of the reform of the marriage system in Hebei province. After the establishment of People's Republic of China, the Chinese society began to enter the transition period of the old new marriage in May 1st. After the promulgation and implementation of the marriage law of People's Republic of China, the establishment of the new democratic marriage system was marked and married. The reform of the marriage system provided the legal basis and the goal of action. Since then, Hebei province has carried out the mass marriage reform movement widely and deeply in order to propagandize and carry out the marriage law. It has generally passed through the study and propaganda of marriage law, the movement of the marriage law movement, and the 3 stages of marriage law. By 1956, the feudalism was basically destroyed. The marriage system was established and the new democratic marriage system was established.
The third, fourth chapter mainly examines the influence of the reform of the marriage system on the common people and studies the specific changes in the life of the people in marriage and family. For example, in the social concept, the feudal concepts such as men and women, "three and four virtues" gradually disintegrate, the modern concept of equality between men and women, marriage freedom and other modern concepts gradually become deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and women have participated in each of them. The right to freedom of social activities; the purpose of marriage is from the "family by the temple, the next generation".
WP=5
The change of the position is the personal standard of seeking common life and common working partner; the concept of marriage choice of spouse has developed from the concept of "the equivalent of one to the other" to the multiple choice of spouse based on politics, labor and emotion, and the marriage mode of "the parents' life, the matchmaker's words", the free marriage and the half free marriage have become the main forms of marriage. The feudal concepts such as "one to end" and "conservative" have also been greatly changed. Divorce and remarriage have become a normal phenomenon. In addition, it has basically abolished marriage customs such as early marriage, daughter-in-law, bigamy, concubinage, sexual relations outside marriage, and changed the traditional "six rites" red tape in the marriage procedure. And asking for the feudal superstition and so on, the simplified civilized wedding was gradually implemented, and the marriage registration system was established, the traditional factual marriage system was transformed into a legal marriage system. In the family relationship, the feudal patriarchal system gradually weakened, the family members were basically equal treatment, and the old family had been transformed into democratic harmony and united production. New families, especially women, have the equal rights of women and men in their families, and even have the right to decide on major family affairs. Of course, there are some imperfect places in the reform of the marriage system. There are a lot of remnants of the traditional marriage system, such as the problem of the inheritance of women's property, the abuse of children and the abandonment, and the abuse of the elderly. Elephant.
The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the conclusion and analysis of the achievements and shortcomings of the reform of the marriage system. It is believed that, under the impetus and influence of the subjective factors such as politics and law, the marriage system reform of Hebei province is basically successful in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, but the change of marriage system must be restricted by the objective factors such as the mode of production. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the productive forces did not develop, the individual small production took the dominant position, and the influence of traditional thought, as well as the soil that the traditional marriage system continued to survive, so the new marriage system was still in the stage of qualitative change, far from reaching the level of perfection.
In a word, Hebei Province, through the top-down, organized, and systematic way of mass movement, deepened the reform of the marriage system into the most grass-roots level of the society, basically established a modern marriage system which is quite different from the traditional marriage system, which greatly changed the marriage and family life of the general public, set up a new social fashion, and promoted the Hebei. The construction of political, economic and social life in the province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號(hào)】：K27

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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