本文選題：未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)利 + 親權(quán)��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 未成年人的財產(chǎn)權(quán),是指未成年人基于獨立的法律人格,因繼承、贈與或勞動、經(jīng)營等方式取得的歸未成年人自己所有的財產(chǎn)。隨著親子法“子女本位”的演進和對未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)利的普遍承認,現(xiàn)今世界各國對未成年人財產(chǎn)的法律保護也愈加完善。由于未成年人心智成熟程度不具備完全民事行為能力,大多數(shù)國家在民事法律體系的親屬編中設(shè)置親權(quán)制度和監(jiān)護制度,通過父母或其他監(jiān)護人對未成年人履行財產(chǎn)管理職責(zé)以求對其保護。我國現(xiàn)行《婚姻法》并沒有設(shè)立親權(quán)制度,只是在《民法通則》中對包括父母在內(nèi)的廣義的監(jiān)護制度作以概括規(guī)定�，F(xiàn)代家庭財產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜化和未成年子女財產(chǎn)的多樣化,使我國在未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護制度的設(shè)置上,缺少立法體例的系統(tǒng)性和內(nèi)容的完備性。過于籠統(tǒng)概括的監(jiān)護人責(zé)任的法律規(guī)定,導(dǎo)致司法實踐中對侵害未成年人財產(chǎn)行為的界定責(zé)任追究和權(quán)利救濟等問題,都缺少有效的可操作性。 由于我國婚姻家庭法中未設(shè)有親權(quán)制度,筆者認為需要將父母對未成年子女基于親權(quán)的財產(chǎn)照顧權(quán)與非父母監(jiān)護人對未成年人的財產(chǎn)監(jiān)護區(qū)別研究。本文分為四章來分別進行論述: 第一章是對未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護制度作以概述。從親子法由“家族本位”向“子女本位”演進的歷程,來分析未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)法律保護從無到有的歷史發(fā)展過程,并分析未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)的享有具有應(yīng)然性和必要性。在第二章中對世界各國,特別是大陸法系國家以及我國港、澳、臺地區(qū)的立法例進行比較研究。第三章是對我國現(xiàn)行的未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護的法律體系和特點進行分析。我國現(xiàn)行法律對親權(quán)制度的缺失與監(jiān)護制度的錯位的立法體例,使我國有關(guān)未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護的法律體系殘缺而混亂,也缺少司法實踐中的可操作性。第四章是筆者對完善我國未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護的民法思考。在法律體系上,應(yīng)當(dāng)確立“子女最大利益”原則,明確財產(chǎn)范圍,并在未來我國民法典的親屬編中區(qū)分設(shè)立親權(quán)制度與監(jiān)護制度。對非法處分未成年人財產(chǎn)行為的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和效力進行界定,并建議設(shè)立監(jiān)護監(jiān)督制度。最后是在我國未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)利受侵害時,對侵權(quán)責(zé)任追究機制和司法救濟機制的思考。 通過對未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護制度的學(xué)習(xí)和研究,筆者希望通過深入理論研究,借鑒國外相關(guān)的制度設(shè)置,立足我國實踐對未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護的立法體系、內(nèi)容規(guī)定和實踐操作等問題進行思考,以促使在我國民法中對未成年人財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護制度的理論結(jié)構(gòu)更為合理,法律體系更趨完善。
[Abstract]:The property right of minors refers to the property acquired by minors by way of inheritance, gift, labor and management based on independent legal personality. With the evolution of parent-child law and the recognition of minors' property rights, the legal protection of minors' property in the world is becoming more and more perfect. As minors do not have full capacity for civil conduct in their degree of mental maturity, most countries have established paternity systems and guardianship systems in the relative category of the civil legal system. Perform property management duties on minors through their parents or other guardians in order to protect them. The current Marriage Law of our country has not established the system of parental authority, but in the General principles of Civil Law, it makes a general stipulation on the broad guardianship system, including parents. The complexity of modern family property structure and the diversification of minor children's property make our country lack the systematicness of legislation style and the completeness of content in setting up the protection system of minors' property rights. The legal provisions of guardian's responsibility, which are too general and generalizable, lead to the problems of defining responsibility and right relief for infringing minors' property in judicial practice. Because there is no paternity system in the marriage and family law of our country, the author thinks that it is necessary to study the difference between parents' property care right based on parental power and non-parental guardian's property guardianship over minors. This paper is divided into four chapters to discuss: the first chapter is a summary of the protection system of minors' property rights. From the evolution of parent-child law from "family standard" to "child standard", this paper analyzes the historical development process of the legal protection of minors' property rights from scratch, and analyzes that the enjoyment of minors' property rights is of necessity and necessity. In the second chapter, a comparative study is made on the legislations of countries all over the world, especially civil law countries, as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The third chapter analyzes the legal system and characteristics of the protection of minors' property rights. The lack of parental right system and the dislocation of guardianship system in the current law of our country make the legal system concerning the protection of the property rights of minors incomplete and confused, and also lack the maneuverability in judicial practice. The fourth chapter is the author to perfect our country minor property right protection civil law ponder. In the legal system, the principle of "best interests of children" should be established, the scope of property should be defined, and the establishment of paternity system and guardianship system should be distinguished in the kinship series of our country's civil code in the future. This paper defines the standard and effect of illegal disposition of minors' property, and suggests the establishment of guardianship supervision system. Finally, when the property rights of minors are infringed, the author thinks about the mechanism of investigating tort liability and the mechanism of judicial remedy. Through the study and research on the protection system of minors' property rights, the author hopes to make a deep theoretical study. Based on the practice of our country, the legislative system, content regulation and practical operation of the protection of minors' property rights are considered. In order to promote the theoretical structure of the protection system of minors' property rights in China's civil law, the legal system is more perfect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D923

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張U喴，

本文編號：1996335