本文選題：傳統(tǒng)聘禮 + 婚約��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國的聘禮制度有著悠久的歷史,但是鑒于舊社會(huì)包辦和買賣婚姻的盛行,我國在法律上廢除了聘禮制度這在一定的歷史時(shí)期具有其顯著的進(jìn)步意義,有益于在婚姻家庭制度上體現(xiàn)男女平等的原則,破除包辦和買賣婚姻等封建殘余。但我們也應(yīng)該看到,我國自古以來就是一個(gè)依靠禮治的國家,在新中國成立以后,我國社會(huì)的總體環(huán)境發(fā)生了根本的變化,婚姻中的封建殘余己基本肅清,現(xiàn)實(shí)中聘禮的性質(zhì)己發(fā)生了根本的變化,因此對作為民間傳統(tǒng)聘禮的合法性不宜完全加以否定。然而我國在制定法律的過程中,仍然一度受到破除舊有習(xí)慣思潮的影響,在沒有充分考察國情和傳統(tǒng)法律文化的基礎(chǔ)上,特別是在沒有充分考察民間中有關(guān)聘禮風(fēng)俗的情況下,簡單地把男女雙方訂婚時(shí)收受聘禮的行為當(dāng)成是一種陋習(xí),完全忽視它在我國民間風(fēng)俗中的存在,對其一概否決。這也在一定程度上造成法律規(guī)定和民間風(fēng)俗的脫節(jié)和沖突,并從根本上導(dǎo)致了司法實(shí)踐中出現(xiàn)了諸多難以解決的問題。英國思想家塞謬爾說過"風(fēng)俗可以造就法律,也可以廢除法律",因而,完全脫離風(fēng)俗的法律的實(shí)施效果必然是難以令人滿意的。因此,針對當(dāng)前聘禮與聘禮返還中存在的傳統(tǒng)文化習(xí)慣與現(xiàn)行法律相脫節(jié)的情況,本文擬從以下幾個(gè)方面提出相關(guān)建議:首先,要扭轉(zhuǎn)人們對聘禮的認(rèn)識(shí)。聘禮并非就是完全意義上買賣婦女的價(jià)金,聘禮在性質(zhì)上應(yīng)該屬于婚約合同定金,具有保證婚約履行避免隨意違約的作用。其次,要借鑒中國傳統(tǒng)的聘禮返還制度。中國傳統(tǒng)的聘禮返還制度經(jīng)過幾千年的發(fā)展,已經(jīng)形成了完善的制度尤其在"悔婚"、"妄冒"、"違律為婚"、"盜奸"等方面都做了詳細(xì)的規(guī)定,可以很好的彌補(bǔ)當(dāng)前在聘禮返還制度中存在的立法空白。最后,實(shí)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣與現(xiàn)代的結(jié)合。現(xiàn)代社會(huì)法律的發(fā)展離不開對傳統(tǒng)法律文化的繼承與發(fā)展,因此如果能很好的繼承傳統(tǒng)的聘禮返還制度,實(shí)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代的結(jié)合,使法律更能貼近實(shí)際就能更好的解決當(dāng)前存在的大量法律糾紛。我國當(dāng)前處于一個(gè)熟人社會(huì)之中,在這種生活狀態(tài)之下原有的厭訴觀念還是很堅(jiān)固地存在人們的思想之中,這就使現(xiàn)代的法律不能徹底的推行。而現(xiàn)行的《婚姻法》及相關(guān)司法解釋又未能和我國的傳統(tǒng)法律文化及民間風(fēng)俗充分融合,這就使得我們必須力求傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣與現(xiàn)代法律之間的平衡,只有這樣才能解決民間的聘禮糾紛,這也是本文寫作的初衷。
[Abstract]:The bride price system of our country has a long history, but in view of the prevalence of arranged marriage and sale in the old society, the abolition of the dowry system in our country is of great significance in a certain historical period. It is beneficial to embody the principle of equality between men and women in marriage and family system, and to break the feudal vestige of arranged marriage and sale of marriage. However, we should also see that China has been a country relying on the rule of etiquette since ancient times. After the founding of New China, the overall social environment of our country has undergone fundamental changes, and the remnants of feudalism in marriage have been basically eliminated. In reality, the nature of the bride price has undergone fundamental changes, so the legitimacy of the traditional folk bride price should not be completely denied. However, in the process of making laws, our country was once influenced by the trend of thought to break old habits. On the basis of not adequately examining the national conditions and the traditional legal culture, especially in the absence of a thorough examination of the folk customs concerning the bride price, Simply regard the behavior of accepting the bride price when both men and women engaged as a bad habit, completely ignore its existence in the folk custom of our country, reject it all. To a certain extent, this has caused the disconnection and conflict between legal regulations and folk customs, and has led to many problems that are difficult to solve in judicial practice. English thinker Samuel said that "custom can make law or abolish law", therefore, the effect of law completely divorced from custom must not be satisfactory. Therefore, in view of the current situation that the traditional cultural habits of the bride price and the return of the bride price are out of line with the current law, this paper proposes some relevant suggestions from the following aspects: first, to reverse people's understanding of the dowry price. The bride price is not the price of buying and selling women completely, the bride price should belong to the contract of marriage deposit in nature, which can guarantee the fulfillment of the marriage contract to avoid arbitrary breach of contract. Secondly, we should learn from the traditional Chinese return system of bride price. After thousands of years of development, the traditional system of return of bride price in China has formed a perfect system, especially in the aspects of "repentance", "pretence", "illegal marriage", "theft and adultery" and so on. Can make up for the current system in the bride price return legislation gaps. Finally, realize the combination of traditional custom and modern. The development of modern social law is inseparable from the inheritance and development of traditional legal culture. Therefore, if we can inherit the traditional dowry return system and realize the combination of tradition and modernity, Make the law more practical can better solve the existing large number of legal disputes. At present, our country is in an acquaintance society, under this kind of living condition, the original concept of being tired of prosecution still exists in people's thought very firmly, this causes the modern law to be unable to carry out thoroughly. However, the current Marriage Law and related judicial interpretations have not been fully integrated with the traditional legal culture and folk customs of our country, which makes us strive for a balance between traditional habits and modern laws. Only in this way can we solve the civil disputes of bride price, which is the original intention of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D923.9

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