本文選題：利益沖突　切入點(diǎn)：利益衡量　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放的深入發(fā)展帶動(dòng)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)進(jìn)入了轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期，利益主體和利益需求呈現(xiàn)出多元化的特點(diǎn)，共同存在于同一場(chǎng)域的多元利益主體共同爭(zhēng)奪著有限的資源，使得利益沖突越來越明顯。立法作為一種具有強(qiáng)制力和普遍性的社會(huì)規(guī)范產(chǎn)生于對(duì)利益沖突的調(diào)適過程中，其通過對(duì)沖突中的某一方利益的確認(rèn)實(shí)現(xiàn)權(quán)利分配和對(duì)沖突的化解。在對(duì)沖突中各方利益進(jìn)行識(shí)別和選擇的過程中，利益衡量方法就顯得尤為重要。利益衡量方法自上世紀(jì)90年代，被梁慧星教授譯到我國(guó)，引起了學(xué)術(shù)界的廣泛關(guān)注，并在民法、行政法等多個(gè)法學(xué)部門的司法實(shí)踐中有所應(yīng)用。利益衡量作為一種法學(xué)研究方法，它具有普遍適用的價(jià)值。但在立法中運(yùn)用這一方法的研究還不夠充分，本文嘗試對(duì)立法中的利益衡量方法進(jìn)行分析研究，以拋磚引玉。 本文第一部分是對(duì)利益衡量理論內(nèi)涵的闡釋。在這一部分，主要揭示了立法的價(jià)值追求是立法的靈魂所在，利益沖突是立法的導(dǎo)火線，并闡述了利益衡量方法的內(nèi)涵及理論基礎(chǔ)，，揭示了利益沖突的內(nèi)涵及我國(guó)利益沖突的特點(diǎn)。立法正是從宏觀上抑制利益沖突發(fā)生的手段，如果要實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧的處理利益沖突，就應(yīng)當(dāng)理性立法，爭(zhēng)取實(shí)現(xiàn)立法正義。 文章第二部分主要論證了利益衡量理論運(yùn)用于立法實(shí)踐中的必要性和可行性。對(duì)于必要性的論證主要從確定利益主體和利益需求、化解利益沖突、平衡利益分配、促進(jìn)立法公開四個(gè)角度加以論述。并從公民參與意識(shí)、社會(huì)制度和立法聽證制度三個(gè)方面說明將利益衡量論運(yùn)用于立法中的可行性。由此可知，將利益衡量方法植入立法中是十分必要和可行的。 文章的第三部分主要介紹了利益衡量論運(yùn)用于立法實(shí)踐中的過程和遵循的原則。立法中的利益衡量主要表現(xiàn)為利益識(shí)別階段和利益選擇階段，在利益選擇階段，立法者主要進(jìn)行價(jià)值分析、經(jīng)濟(jì)分析和平衡分析。利益衡量作為一種思考方法具有主觀局限性，因此應(yīng)遵循自由表達(dá)、平等原則和綜合利益最大化原則。 文章的最后一部分，以我國(guó)《婚姻法解釋三》為例，運(yùn)用利益衡量方法分析這一法律解釋背后的利益博弈和價(jià)值追求。作為立法方法論的利益衡量論的提出將為當(dāng)代中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)理性立法、立法公正公開提供有力的理論武器。
[Abstract]:China's economic society has entered into the transformation period led to the development of reform and opening-up, stakeholders and the needs of diversified, multi stakeholder co existed in the same field to compete for limited resources, the conflict of interests is more and more obvious. As a kind of social standard legislation in force and universal produced in the adjustment process of conflicts of interest, through the confirmation of one side in the conflict of interests on the realization of the rights allocation and conflict resolution. In the process of identification and selection of the interests of all parties in the conflict, it is particularly important to benefit measure method. The method of balancing of interests since the last century in 90s, by Liang Huixing professor of translation in China, has aroused widespread concern in academic circles, and has been applied in civil law, the judicial practice of administrative law and other law departments. As a measure of interest of law The method is generally applicable. However, the research on the application of this method is not enough in legislation. This paper tries to analyze and study the method of interest measurement in legislation, so as to give some suggestions.
The first part is the theoretical connotation of interest measurement interpretation. In this part, mainly discusses the legislative value pursuit is the soul of legislation, the legislative conflict of interest is the fuse, and expounds the connotation and theoretical basis of the method of balancing of interests, reveals the characteristics and connotation of conflict of interest of China's legislation of conflict of interests. Is the inhibition of conflict of interest means from the macro, if dealing with conflicts of interest and to realize the harmony, should strive to achieve rational legislation, legislation and justice.
The second part mainly expounds the necessity and feasibility of balancing of interests theory in the legislative practice. The necessity of determining mainly from stakeholders and demand, conflict of interest, balance the distribution of interests, promoting the legislation in public four angles are discussed. And the sense of participation from citizens, three aspects of social system and legislation the hearing system will benefit measure theory used in the feasibility of legislation. Therefore, it is necessary and feasible to measure the interests of implant legislation.
The third part mainly introduces the interest measure theory used in the process of legislative practice and principles of legislation. In the interests of the measure mainly choose stage for identify the interests and interests, interests in the selection stage, legislators mainly value analysis, economic analysis and balance of interests of the measure. As a kind of thinking method it has subjective limitation, therefore should follow the principle of equality and freedom of expression, comprehensive benefit maximization principle.
The last part of the article, to China's marriage law explain three < > as an example, the application of interest measurement analysis of the legal interpretation behind the interests of the game and the pursuit of value. As a legislative methodology of the contemporary Chinese put forward for the realization of rational legislation, legislative justice provides a powerful theoretical weapon.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D920.0

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