本文《論國際商務(wù)合同漢譯的靈活性》是在參考前人翻譯方法觀點、利用紐馬克和對比語言學(xué)的部分成果并結(jié)合英文商務(wù)合同翻譯實踐技巧，對商務(wù)合同英譯漢靈活性行分析和探討。全文共分五章。 第一章給商務(wù)合同下了定義，并且對紛繁的合同進行了分類。引用了一些文獻，評述了前人對翻譯理論、翻譯傳統(tǒng)觀點的論述以及翻譯靈活性的研究。什么是翻譯靈活性?為什么需要靈活性?靈活性如何體現(xiàn)出來的?金隉說靈活性不是照搬，不是搞公式化的對等關(guān)系，不是搬用僵硬、簡單的公式，它是翻譯中的靈活變動，是為了達到譯文準確而必須采取的變通手段。作者從哲學(xué)、語言學(xué)以及機器翻譯的有限性等方面闡述了靈活性的根源。作者認為靈活性表現(xiàn)為翻譯實踐中理論適用的多樣性(非唯一性)，源語和目的語之間的差異，尤其是英漢兩種語言之間的巨大差異導(dǎo)致必須采用變通手段以及合同翻譯時的技巧。靈活性就是可靈活地選用翻譯理論指導(dǎo)實踐；對于一個具體的句子、段落和篇章要具體分析，沒有固定不變的解決方案；各種各樣翻譯技巧的廣泛適用的事實說明了靈活性的必要，在某種意義上說，翻譯技巧就是靈活性。 第二章討論了英文商務(wù)合同的文體特點。作者認為把握英文商務(wù)合同的文體...

【文章頁數(shù)】：95 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstrsct
Preface
Chapter One An Introduction to Translation Theory
    1.1 Definition of International Business Contract
        1.1.1 Category of International Business Contract
        1.1.2 Definition of Contract English
    1.2 Deflnition of Contract English
    1.3 Criteria of Translation
        1.3.1 Western Points of Views on Translation Criteria
        1.3.2 Chinese Points of Views on Translation Criteria
    1.4 Defintion of Translative Flexibility
        1.4.1 Current Theoretical Controversy
        1.4.2 Jin Di's Viewpoint
        1.4.3 Author's Viewpoint
Chapter Two Features of English Business Contracts
    2.1 Lexical Features
        2.1.1 Archaism
        2.1.2 Words of Latin and French Origin
        2.1.3 Formal Words
        2.1.4 Words Used in Coordination
        2.1.5 Frequent Use of Modal Verbs
            2.1.5.1 Use of Modal Verb "shall"
            2.1.5.2 Use of Modal Verb "may"
            2.1.5.3 Use of Modal Verb "must"
            2.1.5.4 Use of Modal Verb "would"
    2.2 Syntactic Features
        2.2.1 Declarative-prominent Sentence
        2.2.2 Use of Long and Complex Sentences
        2.2.3 Direct Expression Dominance
    2.3 Textual Features
        2.3.1 Preciseness
        2.3.2 Rigorousness
Chapter Three Guided by Newmark's Translation Theory
    3.1 Necessity of Translative Flexibility
    3.2 Theoretical Basis of Translative Flexibility
        3.2.1 Gu Zhengkun's and Jin Di's Theories
        3.2.2 Newmark's Theory
    3.3 Analysis of Newmark's Theory
    3.4 Application of Newmark's Translation Theory
        3.4.1 Persuasive or Imperative Style
        3.4.2 Target Language Emphasis
        3.4.3 Translation Unit
            3.4.3.1 Definition of Unit of Translation
            3.4.3.2 Viewpoint of Unit of Translation
            3.4.3.3 Experiment on Unit of Translation
                3.4.3.3.1 Application of Paragraphs as Translation Unit
                3.4.3.3.2 Sentences as Translation Unit
                3.4.3.3.3 Texts as Translation Unit
                    3.4.3.3.3.1 Definition of Discourse and Text
                    3.4.3.3.3.2 Experiment on Texts as Translation Unit
                3.4.3.3.4 Summary
Chapter Four Guided by Contrastive Linguistics
    4.1 Synthetic vs. Analytic
    4.2 Hypostactic vs. Paratactic
    4.3 Passive vs. Active
    4.4 Subject vs. Topic
        4.4.1 English as Subject-prominent Language
        4.4.2 Chinese as Topic-prominent Language
    4.5 Flexibility of English Word Order
Chapter Five Techniques
    5.1 Definition of Translation Techniques
    5.2 Conversion
        5.2.1 Word Speech Conversion
            5.2.1.1 Noun into Adverb
            5.2.1.2 Noun into Verb
            5.2.1.3 Adverb into Adjective
            5.2.1.4 Prepositional Phrase into Noun
            5.2.1.5 Preposition into Verb
        5.2.2 Structural Conversion
        5.2.3 Sentence Pattern Conversion
            5.2.3.1 Subject Conversion
                5.2.3.1.1 Subject into Predicative
                5.2.3.1.2 Subject into Object
                5.2.3.1.3 Subject into Attributive
            5.2.3.2 Adjusting Object
                5.2.3.2.1 Object into Subject
                5.3.3.2.2 Object into Predicate
            5.2.3.3 Adjusting Predicative
                5.2.3.3.1 Predicative into Subject
                5.2.3.3.2 Predicative into Predicate
            5.2.3.4 Adjusting Attribute
                5.2.3.4.1 Attribute into Predicate
                5.2.3.4.2 Attribute into Adverbial
            5.2.3.5 Adjusting Adverbial
                5.2.3.5.1 Adverbial into Subject
                5.2.3.5.2 Adverbial into Attribute
            5.2.3.6 Voice Conversion
    5.3 Amplification
        5.3.1 Amplification Concerning Amount and Quantity
        5.3.2 Amplification Concerning Concepts
        5.3.3 Grammatical Amplification
        5.3.4 Logical Amplification
        5.3.5 Repetition
        5.3.6 Other Amplification
    5.4 Omission
    5.5 Division
    5.6 Combination
    5.7 Shift
    5.8 Techniques of Translation Attributive Clause
        5.8.1 Restrictive Attributive Clause
        5.8.2 Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
        5.8.3 Attributive Clause into Adverbial
    5.9 Adverbial
        5.9.1 Adverbial Introduced by Conjunction "where"
        5.9.2 Adverbial Introduced by Conjunction "after"
        5.9.3 Adverbial Introduced by Conjunction "when"
        5.9.4 Adverbial Introduced by Conjunction "before"
Conclusion
Bibliography



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