【摘要】：電視節(jié)目版式是一項(xiàng)能帶來商業(yè)價(jià)值的智力創(chuàng)作成果。它起源于一個(gè)創(chuàng)意,并在此基礎(chǔ)上形成一個(gè)書面版式,然后將該書面版式與技術(shù)、藝術(shù)、商業(yè)等元素相融合從而最終創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)節(jié)目版式,該節(jié)目版式能使系列節(jié)目呈現(xiàn)出多重元素相互聯(lián)系并具有整體相似性的特征。符合獨(dú)創(chuàng)性要求的電視節(jié)目版式可以構(gòu)成作品。電視節(jié)目版式的保護(hù)模式有商業(yè)秘密保護(hù)模式,合同法保護(hù)模式,專利法、商標(biāo)法保護(hù)模式,不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法保護(hù)模式以及版權(quán)法保護(hù)模式,非版權(quán)法保護(hù)模式各具有其局限性。 電視節(jié)目版式在尋求版權(quán)法保護(hù)時(shí)存在著困境,一方面有一定獨(dú)創(chuàng)性并具體化的書面版式可以作為文字作品受到保護(hù),但是另一方面依版式制作節(jié)目往往并不構(gòu)成侵權(quán),另外,電視節(jié)目版式不符合戲劇作品的整體形式統(tǒng)一性,不能構(gòu)成戲劇作品。在電視節(jié)目版式版權(quán)侵權(quán)認(rèn)定方面也存在著困境,電視節(jié)目版式的法律屬性在司法實(shí)踐中存有疑慮,在實(shí)質(zhì)性相似判定方面也非常困難,大多數(shù)判決都不支持侵權(quán)。 對(duì)于電視節(jié)目版式版權(quán)的保護(hù),成文法國(guó)家和判例法國(guó)家在保護(hù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和方法上有所不同。從兩大法系的案例分析結(jié)果來看,成文法國(guó)家傾向于對(duì)電視節(jié)目版式的可版權(quán)性討論,且判斷結(jié)果不一,侵權(quán)判定方法也不一樣,其中“元素覆蓋標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”的實(shí)質(zhì)應(yīng)是“實(shí)質(zhì)性相似”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；而在判例法國(guó)家,大多數(shù)傾向于認(rèn)可其可版權(quán)保護(hù),但是堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)格的“實(shí)質(zhì)性相似”認(rèn)定。兩大法系的共通點(diǎn)為：節(jié)目元素的選擇與編排可受版權(quán)保護(hù)、節(jié)目版式越具體越可受版權(quán)法保護(hù)。 目前國(guó)內(nèi)關(guān)于電視節(jié)目版式的糾紛也日漸趨多,節(jié)目版式之間的克隆與模仿之風(fēng)越來越嚴(yán)重,基于對(duì)版式原創(chuàng)者的鼓勵(lì)以及電視產(chǎn)業(yè)的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展考慮,有必要對(duì)電視節(jié)目版式予以版權(quán)保護(hù)。在分析了電視節(jié)目版式的法律屬性和比較借鑒兩大法系相關(guān)案例經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,我國(guó)在現(xiàn)有法律框架下,應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持有條件地保護(hù)電視節(jié)目版式以及淡化對(duì)電視節(jié)目版式作品類型的限定原則,對(duì)于無書面版式的抽象版式不予保護(hù),而對(duì)于具有較高獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的電視節(jié)目版式提供版權(quán)保護(hù),同時(shí),在實(shí)質(zhì)性相似判定的主體上可以考慮消費(fèi)者與專家群體的結(jié)合,而在司法裁判中,版權(quán)登記可以作為“初始證據(jù)”輔助判定權(quán)利歸屬、解決糾紛。
[Abstract]:TV program layout is an intellectual creation result that can bring commercial value. It originates from an idea, on the basis of which a written layout is formed, and then the written layout is combined with technical, artistic, commercial and other elements to eventually create a program layout. The layout of the program can make the series show the characteristics of multiple elements related to each other and the whole similarity. The layout of TV programs that meet the requirements of originality can constitute a work. The protection modes of TV program layout include trade secret protection mode, contract law protection mode, patent law, trademark law protection mode, unfair competition law protection mode and copyright law protection mode. There are difficulties in seeking the protection of copyright law in TV program layout. On the one hand, there is a certain originality and concrete written layout that can be protected as written works, but on the other hand, the production of programs according to layout often does not constitute infringement, in addition, The layout of TV programs does not conform to the unity of the whole form of dramatic works and cannot constitute dramatic works. There are also difficulties in the cognizance of copyright infringement in TV program layout. The legal attribute of TV program layout has doubts in judicial practice, and it is also very difficult to judge the substantive similarity. Most of the judgments do not support infringement. For the protection of copyright in TV program layout, the standards and methods of protection are different between statutory countries and case law countries. From the results of the case analysis of the two legal systems, the written law countries tend to discuss the copyright of TV program layout, and the judgment results are different, and the judgment methods are also different. Among them, the essence of "element coverage standard" should be "substantial similarity" standard. In case law countries, most tend to recognize its copyright protection, but insist on strict "substantive similarity". The common points of the two legal systems are that the selection and arrangement of program elements can be protected by copyright, and the more specific the program layout, the more can be protected by copyright law. At present, there are more and more disputes about the layout of TV programs in China, and the trend of cloning and imitation between program formats is becoming more and more serious, based on the encouragement of the originators of the layout and the long-term development of the television industry. It is necessary to protect the copyright of TV program layout. On the basis of analyzing the legal attribute of TV program layout and comparing and drawing lessons from the relevant case experience of the two legal systems, under the existing legal framework of our country, We should adhere to the principle of conditional protection of TV program layout and desalination of the limitation of the types of TV program layout works, and shall not protect abstract layout without written format. At the same time, the combination of consumers and expert groups can be considered in the subject of substantial similarity judgment, while in judicial judgment, the combination of consumers and expert groups can be considered. Copyright registration can be used as "initial evidence" to determine the ownership of rights and resolve disputes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41

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