【摘要】：隨著老齡化問(wèn)題的日益嚴(yán)重，養(yǎng)老問(wèn)題成為公眾普遍關(guān)注的話題，各地政府在積極探索解決問(wèn)題的方案，居家養(yǎng)老成為理想的養(yǎng)老模式，政府通過(guò)購(gòu)買的方式引入市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制，與養(yǎng)老服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)簽訂合同，實(shí)現(xiàn)居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的民營(yíng)化。但是在政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的過(guò)程中存在諸多問(wèn)題，尤其是老年人的權(quán)益保護(hù)問(wèn)題被忽視，這有違政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的初衷。因此，本文的寫作目的就是保護(hù)老年人的合法權(quán)益。 本文從相關(guān)含義的界定入手，通過(guò)對(duì)居家養(yǎng)老、政府購(gòu)買公共服務(wù)、服務(wù)合同等含義進(jìn)行歸納和界定，得出政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)合同的含義，為文章的論述奠定基礎(chǔ)。然后運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)綜述的方法對(duì)政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)中老年人保護(hù)的有關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行概括論述，明確本文要解決的問(wèn)題。本文運(yùn)用學(xué)科交叉的研究方法，對(duì)合同的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行界定，明確其行政私法性，進(jìn)而研究了該合同的公私法律適用的問(wèn)題，在此基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合“二階段理論”，闡述老年人通過(guò)何種途徑獲得救濟(jì)的問(wèn)題。針對(duì)當(dāng)前老年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度中存在的問(wèn)題，結(jié)合新修訂的老年人權(quán)益保障法，對(duì)完善老年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度提出改進(jìn)建議，使老年人能夠在合理的監(jiān)護(hù)制度下行使自己的權(quán)利，維護(hù)自己在政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)中的權(quán)益。本文從行政法和合同法兩個(gè)方面展開論述，明確當(dāng)前法律中對(duì)第三人利益保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀，，運(yùn)用比較的方法，為老年人指明行政法和合同法上的救濟(jì)途徑，重點(diǎn)結(jié)合第三人利益合同理論分析政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)合同中老年人的保護(hù)問(wèn)題，最后針對(duì)居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)協(xié)議中的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析，明確協(xié)議中老年人應(yīng)該享有的權(quán)利和服務(wù)瑕疵的判斷問(wèn)題，同時(shí)通過(guò)引入舉證責(zé)任倒置，為老年人的合法權(quán)益提供更加有力的保護(hù)。 在居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)在全國(guó)全面推廣的大背景下，本文通過(guò)對(duì)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料的歸納總結(jié)，以政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)這一模式為視角展開論述。本文可能的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要有以下幾點(diǎn)：首先，針對(duì)當(dāng)前的法規(guī)政策最新動(dòng)向，參照社會(huì)學(xué)、管理學(xué)等非法學(xué)資料，結(jié)合行政法學(xué)理論，以現(xiàn)有法律體系為基礎(chǔ)，發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)踐中老年人權(quán)益保護(hù)的問(wèn)題，在深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上，本文提出了老年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度完善、確定老年人權(quán)利、明確救濟(jì)途徑、引入舉證責(zé)任倒置等解決問(wèn)題的建議。最終在此基礎(chǔ)上，構(gòu)建起老年人權(quán)益保護(hù)體系。其次，根據(jù)政府購(gòu)買居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)合同的行政私法性質(zhì)，主張其側(cè)重私法性質(zhì)，可以適用私法領(lǐng)域中的合同法理論，借鑒合同法中的第三人利益理論，為老年人在該法律關(guān)系中獲得獨(dú)立的請(qǐng)求權(quán)提供理論支撐。
[Abstract]:With the aging problem becoming more and more serious, the pension problem has become a topic of general concern to the public. Local governments are actively exploring solutions to the problem, and home pension has become the ideal pension model. Through purchasing, the government introduces market competition mechanism, signs contracts with pension service institutions, and realizes the privatization of home pension services. However, there are many problems in the process of government purchase of home pension service, especially the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly is ignored, which is contrary to the original intention of the government to purchase the home pension service. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to protect the legal rights and interests of the elderly. This paper begins with the definition of the relevant meaning, through the induction and definition of the meaning of home pension, government purchase of public service, service contract and so on, obtains the meaning of the government purchase home pension service contract, and lays a foundation for the discussion of the article. Then the paper summarizes and discusses the problems related to the protection of the elderly in the government purchase of home pension service by using the method of literature review, and clarifies the problems to be solved in this paper. In this paper, the author defines the nature of the contract, clarifies its private administrative law, and then studies the application of the public and private law of the contract. On this basis, combining with the "two-stage theory", this paper defines the nature of the contract by using the method of interdisciplinary research. The problem of how to obtain relief for the elderly is expounded. In view of the problems existing in the current guardianship system of the elderly, combined with the newly revised law on the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly, some suggestions are put forward to improve the guardianship system for the elderly, so that the elderly can exercise their rights under a reasonable guardianship system. Maintain their own rights and interests in the government purchase of home pension services. This paper discusses from the two aspects of administrative law and contract law, clarifies the present situation of the protection of the interests of the third party in the current law, and points out the remedies in administrative law and contract law for the elderly by means of comparison. Combined with the third party benefit contract theory, this paper analyzes the protection of the elderly in the government purchase of the home pension service contract, and finally analyzes the problems in the home pension service agreement. It is clear that the old people should have the right and the judgment problem of the service flaw in the agreement, at the same time, by introducing the inversion of the burden of proof, we can provide more powerful protection for the legal rights and interests of the old people. In the context of the comprehensive promotion of home pension service in the country, this article through the summary of relevant literature, the government to purchase the home pension service as a model for the perspective of the discussion. The possible innovations in this paper are as follows: firstly, according to the latest trend of current laws and regulations, referring to the non-legal information such as sociology, management, and combining with the theory of administrative law, based on the existing legal system, On the basis of in-depth analysis, this paper puts forward some suggestions to solve the problems, such as perfecting the system of guardianship of the elderly, determining the rights of the elderly, defining the relief ways, introducing the inversion of the burden of proof, and so on. Finally, on this basis, the establishment of the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly system. Secondly, according to the nature of administrative private law of the government to purchase the contract for the aged service at home, it can be applied to the theory of contract law in the field of private law, and draw lessons from the theory of the interests of the third party in the contract law. To provide theoretical support for the elderly to obtain independent claim in the legal relationship.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923;D923.8

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