合同體系下的利息給付問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-05-13 10:02
本文選題：利息給付 + 不當?shù)美?/strong>��； 參考：《西南財經大學》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】：利息在整個國家經濟生活中隨處可見,但人們卻很少反思,究竟利息是什么?法學學者們對于利息的討論往往集中于利息給付性質的領域。然而,僅僅討論利息給付義務的存在并不能解決實際中的利息給付問題。國內法學界對于利息問題缺乏全面系統(tǒng)的研究。在現(xiàn)有研究的缺乏下,伴隨而生的是司法實踐中涉及利息給付相關問題的思維混亂。從目前的司法案例來看,司法實踐中法院的觀點各異,缺乏統(tǒng)一的認識,同案不同判的現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生。我國現(xiàn)行法下立法中并沒有對利息給付進行一種定性。就合同體系下的利息給付,其究竟是作為一種不當?shù)美颠�的類型還是作為合同損害賠償加以規(guī)制,現(xiàn)行立法以及法學理論都沒有系統(tǒng)研究。我們急需通過加深對利息問題的理論認識,來解決這法律困境。 鑒于國內對于利息給付問題系統(tǒng)研究較少,而且缺少對理論和司法實踐二者關聯(lián)互動的研究；而國外近年來對此研究頗豐,本文將以為對國外利息給付問題研究的介紹為起點,在前期研究基礎上,通過對利息給付問題相關理論的介紹、以及對司法實踐中不同情形下利息給付問題的研究,力求系統(tǒng)的梳理現(xiàn)行法下利息給付相關問題,通過法律解釋的方法對現(xiàn)有制度進行完善 本文擬通過對利息給付性質的探討,借用的PECL, CISG, UPICC中對利息的相應研究成果,通過作為慣例的PECL, CISG, UPICC規(guī)則重構利息給付規(guī)則。本文擬分為以下四個部分：第一部分首先討論利息給付相關理論問題,包括利息概念的概述以及PECL, CISG, UPICC中的利息相應規(guī)則及其對于中國司法實踐的意義。文章的第二部分通過對具體司法案例的梳理,總結出司法實踐中存在著將利息作為不當?shù)美c損害賠償兩種意見,并進一步討論二者處理的不同之處,作為不當?shù)美诶蚀_定上,責任承擔上與作為損害賠償?shù)睦⒕哂胁煌帯Ｔ诖嘶A上,本文進一步論證,作為不當?shù)美⑺哂械脑敿毺卣骱妥鳛閾p害賠償?shù)睦⒔o付所具有的特征,最終總結利息的實質；第三部分闡釋合同體系下的利息給付具體情形,討論了在合同效力瑕疵以及金錢之債遲延履行情形下的利息給付問題。第四部分論述如何利用通過作為慣例的PECL, CISG, UPICC中對利息條款的相應條款對合同體系下的利息給付法律適用的幫助。在此基礎上,我們將這個命題進一步展開。當事人若未明確約定以UPICC通則為合同準據(jù)法,而僅明示或默示的約定合同受一般法律原則(general principles of law)、國際法原則(principles of international law)、商人法(國際商事習慣法,lex mercatoria)的約束,法院或仲裁庭能否適用UPICC通則作為裁判或仲裁的法律依據(jù)?對于使國家法定裁判權的法院,對不適用本國合同法的具體條文而適用一個國際組織所出版的法律文件,應該如何進行論證?尤其面對法官應依法裁判的憲法要求,法院應如何正當化?要回答上述這個問題,本文將將其分為四個具體問題加以論證,其分別是合同法律淵源的特殊性；作為合同法律淵源的商事交易習慣,PECL, CISC,UPICC作為中國合同法中的商事交易習慣,在不違背國內現(xiàn)有強行法的前提下使用PECL, CISC,UPICC中的具體規(guī)則。
[Abstract]:Interest is seen everywhere in the whole country's economic life, but people seldom think about it. What is the interest on earth? The discussion of interest is often concentrated in the field of interest payment. However, only the existence of interest payment obligation can not solve the problem of interest payment. There is a lack of comprehensive and systematic research. In the absence of existing research, it is accompanied by the confusion of thinking related to interest payment in judicial practice. From the current judicial case, the views of the court in judicial practice are different, lack of a unified understanding, and the different cases of the same case occur. There is a qualitative analysis of interest payment. As to whether the interest payment under the contract system is a type of improper benefit return or as a contract damage compensation, the current legislation and the theory of law have not been systematically studied. We need to deepen the theoretical understanding of the interest problem to solve the legal dilemma.
In view of the lack of systematic research on the issue of interest payment in China, and the lack of research on the interrelated interaction between the two parties in theory and judicial practice, the research abroad has been very fruitful in recent years. This article will consider the introduction of the study of interest payment abroad as a starting point, on the basis of earlier research, and through the introduction of the related theories of interest payment. And the research on the issue of interest payment in different cases of judicial practice, striving to systematically comb the related issues of interest payment under the current law, and improve the existing system through the method of legal interpretation.
This paper is intended to reconstruct interest payment rules by means of PECL, CISG and UPICC, which are used as the usual PECL, CISG and UPICC rules. This article is divided into four parts: the first part is to discuss the theory of interest payment, including the overview of the concept of interest and the concept of interest. The corresponding rules of interest in PECL, CISG and UPICC and its significance to the judicial practice in China. The second part of the article, through the combing of specific judicial cases, summarizes two opinions on the existence of interest as unjust enrichment and damages in judicial practice, and further discusses the differences between the two parties as an unjust enrichment. On the basis of the rate determination, the responsibility is different from the interest as compensation for damages. On this basis, this paper further demonstrates that as the characteristic of the interest of unjust enrichment and the characteristics of interest payment as compensation for damages, the essence of interest is summed up, and the third part explains the interest payment under the contract system. In the fourth part, the fourth part discusses how to make use of the relevant provisions of the interest clause to the interest payment under the contract system by the customary PECL, CISG and UPICC. One step unfolds. If the parties are not clearly defined by the general law of the UPICC as the applicable law of the contract, and only the explicit or implied contract contracts are subject to the general legal principles (general principles of law), the principles of the international law (Principles of international law), the merchant law (International Commercial customary law, Lex Mercatoria), the court or the arbitral tribunal can apply the UPICC. The general rule is the legal basis for the referee or arbitration? How to apply the legal documents published by an international organization to the courts that make the state's legal jurisdiction, which is not applicable to the specific provisions of the national contract law? The problem, this article will be divided into four specific problems to be demonstrated, which are the particularity of the origin of the contract law; as the commercial transaction habit of the origin of the contract law, PECL, CISC, UPICC are used as commercial transaction habits in the contract law of China, and use the specific rules in PECL, CISC, and UPICC without violating the existing domestic force law.
【學位授予單位】：西南財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D923.6
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